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2003 AUG 7 - (NewsRx.com & NewsRx.net) -- B7H1 protein was found to increase with each trimester and to be present in cytotrophoblasts, where it may protect against activated maternal leukocytes.
"The human placenta utilizes both active and passive mechanisms to evade rejection by the maternal immune system. We investigated the pattern of expression of the B7 family of immunomodulatory molecules B7-H1 (PD-L1), B7-2 (CD86), and B7-1 (CD80) at the term maternal-fetal interface. Northern blot and RT-PCR analyses showed that B7-H1 mRNA is abundant in term placenta and that cytotrophoblasts are sources of this message," scientists in the United States report.
"Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that B7-H1 is constitutively expressed by the syncytiotrophoblast and by extravillous cytotrophoblasts, both of which are juxtaposed to maternal blood and tissue. By contrast, placental stromal cells, including macrophages, lacked the protein. Expression of B7-H1 protein was low in first-trimester placenta compared to second and third trimester tissue (p
"RT-PCR and immunofluorescence analysis of term placental tissue revealed different patterns of expression of the immunostimulatory protein, B7-2. In contrast to B7-H1, B7-2 mRNA and protein were absent in cytotrophoblast cells but present in maternal macrophages and some fetal macrophages. The B7-1 mRNA and protein were absent at the maternal-fetal interface," ...
Source: HighBeam Research, Maternal-fetal interface of placenta has cytotrophoblasts expressing...