Australian Journal of Soil Research articles from September 2004

Australian Journal of Soil Research archives from September 2004

Preface: sustainable management of acid sulfate soil.
September 1, 2004... The distinguishing feature of acid sulfate soil is either the presence of inorganic sulfide sufficient to cause severe acidification, or severe acidity as a result of inorganic sulfide oxidation. The estimated worldwide extent of acid sulfate...

Oxidation rate of pyrite in acid sulfate soils: in situ measurements and modelling.
September 1, 2004... Introduction The rate of oxidation of pyrite is a topic where there are few measurements and much speculation. This is because there are many different pathways via which pyrite can react in the soil (Nordstrom 1982; Evangelou 1995), and...

Soil pH, oxygen availability, and the rate of sulfide oxidation in acid sulfate soil materials: implications for environmental hazard assessment.
September 1, 2004... Introduction The potential environmental hazard associated with acid sulfate soil (ASS) materials often results from the interaction between the net acidity, largely derived from sulfide oxidation, and the rate this acidity could be...

The response of partially oxidised acid sulfate soil materials to anoxia.
September 1, 2004... Introduction Acid sulfate soils (ASS) contain iron sulfides (principally pyrite) or the products of sulfide oxidation (White and Melville 1996). Unoxidised sulfidic materials are often referred to as potential ASS. Actual ASS develop when...

Upland active acid sulfate soils from construction of new Stafford County, Virginia, USA, Airport.
September 1, 2004... Introduction Active acid sulfate soils result from the construction of highways, canals, housing developments, shopping centers, landfills, surface mines, and other structures on sulfide-bearing Cretaceous and Tertiary marine and estuarine...

Acid sulfate soils in dredged materials from tidal Pocomoke Sound in Somerset County, MD, USA.
September 1, 2004... Introduction During the current update of the Somerset County soil survey (Matthews and Hall 1966), 2 areas of soils forming in dredged materials (DM) were identified adjacent to the Pocomoke Sound approximately 2 km from where fish kills...

Quantification of current and future leaching of sulfur and metals from Boreal acid sulfate soils, western Finland.
September 1, 2004... Introduction Holocene sulfide-bearing marine and lacustrine sediments in coastal regions of Finland are currently being oxidised at a high rate due to air ([O.sub.2]) penetration caused by a large increase in artificial drainage during the...

Development of acid sulfate soil in sub-aerially disposed dredge spoil at Fisherman Islands, Brisbane, Australia.
September 1, 2004... Introduction Estuaries are important sinks for sediments derived from both fluvial and marine environments because they offer protection from strong waves and currents, and because water and sediment transport mechanisms within them...

Mechanisms of acid sulfate soil oxidation and leaching under sugarcane cropping.
September 1, 2004... Introduction The acid sulfate soils (ASS) on the New South Wales north coast, Australia, are located in what were originally tidally influenced floodplain areas, adjacent to ecologically sensitive land and aquatic ecosystems. The large...

Groundwater acidification caused by urban development in Perth, Western Australia: source, distribution, and implications for management.
September 1, 2004... Introduction The city of Perth lies on the Swan Coastal Plain (Fig. 1), an alluvial and aeolian plain largely formed of Quaternary sand and sand/limestone dunes that are up to 100 m thick. The plain lacks surface drainage due the high...

Factors contributing to the acid sulfate soil scalding process in the coastal floodplains of New South Wales, Australia.
September 1, 2004... Introduction Coastal floodplains in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, are underlain by formerly estuarine sediments (Roy 1984). These estuary basin and intertidal muds contain large amounts of sulfides (mainly pyrite) (Hashimoto and Roy...

Soil properties in and around acid sulfate soil scalds in the coastal floodplains of New South Wales, Australia.
September 1, 2004... Introduction Acid sulfate soil (ASS) scalds are persistently bare areas of land associated with pyrite oxidation and ASS formation in drained coastal floodplains. In Australia, ASS scalds have not previously been a main focus of research...

Redistribution of monosulfidic black oozes by floodwaters in a coastal acid sulfate soil floodplain.
September 1, 2004... Introduction Monosulfidic black oozes (MBO) are organic materials enriched in iron monosulfides. Thick layers of MBO accumulate in many canals that drain acid sulfate soil (ASS) landscapes (Bush et al. 2004). Laboratory experiments have...

Occurrence and abundance of monosulfidic black ooze in coastal acid sulfate soil landscapes.
September 1, 2004... Introduction Organic oozes enriched in iron monosulfides are called monosulfidic black ooze (MBO). The reduction of organic matter by sulfate-reducing bacteria in these sediments produces hydrogen sulfide (H2S), which reacts with and...

Occurrence of marcasite in an organic-rich Holocene estuarine mud.
September 1, 2004... Introduction Marcasite is the mineral dimorph of pyrite, sharing the same chemical composition of Fe[S.sub.2]. Diagenic pyrite is common in marine and estuarine sediments (Berner 1970), whereas diagenic marcasite has only been reported in...

The acid flux dynamics of two artificial drains in acid sulfate soil backswamps on the Clarence River floodplain, Australia.
September 1, 2004... Introduction Holocene sulfidic sediments and acid sulfate soils (ASS) underlie large areas of coastal floodplain in eastern Australia (Naylor et al. 1995). Export of acidity from drained coastal floodplain ASS to estuaries is of major...

A two-stage decision support tool for restoring tidal flows to flood mitigation drains affected by acid sulfate soil: case study of Broughton Creek floodplain, New South Wales, Australia.
September 1, 2004... Introduction The translocation of acid sulfate soil (ASS) oxidation products into adjacent surface waters can cause broad-scale acidification of receiving waters. These impacts are often exacerbated by 1-way floodgates which restrict tidal...

Acid neutralising capacity of two different bauxite residues (red mud) and their potential applications for treating acid sulfate water and soils.
September 1, 2004... Introduction There has been increasing interest in and research into the utilisation of industrial residues for remediation of degraded soils (e.g. Ho et al. 1989; Summers 1996; Vangronsveld et al. 1999; Lombi et al. 2001; Lin et al....

Chemical changes during oxidation of iron monosulfide-rich sediments.
September 1, 2004... Introduction Iron monosulfides (FeS) are an important component in the cycling of iron and sulfur within acid sulfate soil (ASS) environments and occur either as coatings on pyrite framboids (Bush and Sullivan 1999) or as bottom sediments...

Sample pre-treatment and the determination of some chemical properties of acid sulfate soil materials.
September 1, 2004... Introduction Acid sulfate soils (ASS) are a prominent feature of many low-lying coastal areas of Australia and around the world, with estimates of 20 million hectares of ASS worldwide (Dent 2000), and around 4 million hectares in...

Decision trees for farm management on acid sulfate soils, Mekong Delta, Viet Nam.
September 1, 2004... Introduction The Mekong Delta comprises 3.9 million ha of Holocene deposits. Mangroves added organic matter to fine-textured estuarine deposits providing ideal conditions for the formation of potential acid sulfate soils. The Mekong...

Net N mineralisation in acid sulfate soils amended with different sources of organic matter, lime, and urea.
September 1, 2004... Introduction Acid sulfate soils (ASS) in the Mekong Delta are often high in organic matter content, but net N mineralisation is low (Nguyen My Hoa, Trinh Thi Thu Trang and Tran Kim Tinh, unpublished data). This may be due to low soil pH or...

Applying mixed manure and inorganic phosphorus fertiliser to improve rice yield on acid sulfate soil (Hydraquentic Sulfaquept).
September 1, 2004... Introduction The Mekong Delta of Vietnam occupies an area of about 4 million hectares, of which acid sulfate soils (ASS) occupy about 1.6 million hectares, covering as much as 40% of the land in the Delta. Most of these soils are located...

Physiological and biochemical studies on aluminum tolerance in pineapple.
September 1, 2004... Introduction Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a global problem that limits crop productivity on acid soils. Al is the most abundant metal in the earth's crust, where it remains in mostly insoluble forms. However, in soils with pH < 5 (acidic...