Australian Journal of Soil Research articles from May 2003

Australian Journal of Soil Research archives from May 2003

Special issue on New Zealand soil research--foreword.(Editorial)
May 1, 2003... In 2002, the New Zealand Society of Soil Science celebrated its 50th Jubilee, and marked this significant occasion with a Golden Jubilee Conference, 'Back to the Future', held in Wellington, from 25 to 29 November 2002. To celebrate further,...

Soil characteristics at a long-term ecological research site in Taylor Valley, Antarctica.
May 1, 2003... Introduction Taylor Valley is in the McMurdo Dry Valley region of Antarctica (Fig. 1), an area that covers around 10% of the total ice-free ground in Antarctica. It is typical of the Antarctic Cold Desert and because of the unique...

Modelling water uptake by a mature apple tree.
May 1, 2003... Abstract We report the results from a field experiment in which we examined the spatial and temporal patterns of water uptake by a mature apple tree (Malus domestica Borkh., 'Splendour') in an orchard. Time domain reflectometry was used to...

Estimating a nitrous oxide emission factor for animal urine from some New Zealand pastoral soils.
May 1, 2003... Introduction Nitrous oxide ([N.sub.2]O) emissions from soil are of concern as they contribute to global warming and the destruction of the ozone layer (Cicerone 1989). Nitrous oxide is mainly produced in soils by denitrifying and...

[N.sub.2]O and [N.sub.2] gas fluxes, soil gas pressures, and ebullition events following irrigation of [sup.15]N[O.sup.-.sub.3]-labelled subsoils.
May 1, 2003... Abstract We examined the fate of [N.sub.2]O following the addition of labelled nitrate and subsequent irrigation. Repacked silt loam soil columns, 1 m deep, were wetted up and instrumented with pressure transducers, soil profile gas...

Emission of nitrogen oxides and ammonia from varying rates of applied synthetic urine and correlations with soil chemistry.
May 1, 2003... Introduction Soils are a major source of both nitric oxide (NO) and nitrous oxide ([N.sub.2]O) (Conrad 1996; Perez et al. 2001). Interest in the emission of nitrogen gases from agricultural soils is due to their potential environmental...

Can liming mitigate [N.sub.2]O fluxes from a urine-amended soil?
May 1, 2003... Introduction Nitrous oxide ([N.sup.2]O) is recognised as a global warming gas (Duxbury et al. 1993) and when oxidised to N[O.sub.x] can catalyse the destruction of stratospheric ozone (Crutzen 1981). Agricultural soils are the main...

Soil nitrogen mineralisation changes rapidly when pine is planted into herbicide-treated pasture--the first two years of growth.
May 1, 2003... Introduction Land under pasture in New Zealand has been converted to exotic forest plantations, predominantly Pinus radiata D. Don, at a rate of 20000--100000 ha/year over the last 10 years. This change in land-use affects the properties...

Progress in selected areas of rhizosphere research on P acquisition.
May 1, 2003... Introduction Essentially all soils require regular inputs of fertiliser or manure P to raise their solution P concentration such that P can be transported to plant roots at rates sufficient to meet requirements for continuous crop...

Fertiliser contaminants in New Zealand grazed pasture with special reference to cadmium and fluorine: a review.
May 1, 2003... Introduction Legume-based pastoral farming is the main form of agriculture in New Zealand. It covers 13.8 million hectares and carries approximately 46 million sheep, 5 million beef cattle, 4 million dairy cattle, and 2 million deer as the...

Role of inorganic and organic soil amendments on immobilisation and phytoavailability of heavy metals: a review involving specific case studies.
May 1, 2003... Abstract Soil is not only considered as a 'source' of nutrients for plant growth, but also as a 'sink' for the removal of contaminants from industrial and agricultural waste materials. The origin of heavy metal contamination of soils may...

Application of municipal and industrial residuals in New Zealand forests: an overview.
May 1, 2003... Introduction Large quantities of municipal and industrial wastewater are generated every year worldwide. Most of this wastewater is treated to remove solids, pathogens, and other contaminants, and the resulting effluent is discharged to...

Leaching of macronutrients and metals from undisturbed soils treated with metal-spiked sewage sludge. 1. Leaching of macronutrients.
May 1, 2003... Introduction In New Zealand, as in many other countries, the banning of ocean disposal and lack of suitable landfills has resulted in increasing pressure to apply sewage sludge to the land. Of course, one of the benefits of this method of...

The determination of labile cadmium in some biosolids-amended soils by isotope dilution plasma mass spectrometry.
May 1, 2003... Introduction Heavy metal contamination of agricultural soils is of great importance because of the potential adverse effects it can pose to food quality, soil health, and the environment. It is now generally recognised that metal...

Phytoremediation: using plants as biopumps to improve degraded environments.
May 1, 2003... Introduction Phytoremediation is the use of plants to improve degraded environments. This technology has been used for hundreds of years to treat human waste, reduce erosion, and protect water quality. Research focusing specifically on the...

Soil nematode responses to year-to-year variation of low levels of heavy metals.
May 1, 2003... Abstract The composition of the nematode assemblage in pasture plots that received sewage sludge amended with 4 rates of Cu, Ni, or Zn was assessed in 5 years; the highest rate of application of each metal was near the New Zealand...