Journal of Shellfish Research articles from January 2005

Journal of Shellfish Research archives from January 2005

In memoriam: John B. Glude 1918-2004.(field research biologist)(Obituary)
January 1, 2005... A person of many talents, John Glude dedicated the first part of his productive professional career, as a field research biologist, to improving the fisheries of commercial bivalves. His academic training, a Bachelor of Science in fisheries,...

Phytoplankton composition of the stomach contents of the mussel Mytilus edulis L. from two populations: comparison with its food supply.
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT Seasonal data on phytoplankton composition of seston and stomach contents of the mussel (Mytilus edulis Linnaeus, 1758) from two contrasting sites, an estuarine mud flat and a rocky open shore, were compared to ascertain: (a) the...

Flow reduction, seston depletion, meat content and distribution of diarrhetic shellfish toxins in a long-line blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) farm.
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT Seawater velocity, meat content, food availability, and algae toxins were measured in a commercial long-line (200 x 15 m) mussel farm (Mytilus edulis [L]) in Lysefjorden, in southern Norway. The mean current speed decreased rapidly...

Does Mya truncata reproduce at its southern distribution limit? Preliminary information.
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT Previous investigations of the bivalve Mya truncata in the Southern North Sea revealed the absence of the 1987 to 2001 y classes. Because the species' southern-most distribution limit is the southern North Sea, at the Frisian Front, we...

Short-term effects of rapid salinity reduction on seed clams (Mercenaria mercenaria).
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT Sudden salinity drops in Gulf Coast clam growing areas in Florida have been suggested as a cause of seed (juvenile) clam mortality. Laboratory experiments were used to assess short-term impacts of rapid salinity drops on...

The association between the coquina clam Donax fossor say and its epibiotic hydroid Lovenella gracilis clarke.
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT The northern coquina clam, Donax fossor, is often found in association with the hydroid Lovenella gracilis in the intertidal zone of exposed sandy beaches of southern New Jersey. Although previous workers have suggested that the...

Commercial harvest and population structure of a northern quahog (Mercenaria mercenaria linnaeus 1758) population in St. Mary's Bay, Nova Scotia, Canada.
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT Innovative Fishery Products Inc. (IFP) has managed a 1682-ha northern quahog (Mercenaria mercenaria) lease in St. Mary's Bay, Nova Scotia, Canada, since 1997. This study describes the commercial harvest and age structure of the...

Genome size estimation in two populations of the Northern Chilean scallop, Argopecten purpuratus, using fluorescence image analysis.
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT Genome size (the C-value) is known to vary considerably among organisms, but is relatively constant among individuals of the same species. To determine the genome size in the Northern Chilean scallop Argopecten purpuratus, two...

Suspension culture of the great scallop Pecten maximus in Galicia, NW Spain--intermediate primary culture of hatchery produced spat.
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT A technique for growing small P. maximus spat in suspension culture from rafts is described. Hatchery produced spat of initial size 3.0- and 4.3-mm shell height were transferred to a sea-based primary nursery system in May. Scallop...

Gametogenic cycle of the ponderous ark, Noetia ponderosa (Say, 1822), from Cedar Key, Florida.
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT The gametogenic cycle of the ponderous ark, Noetia ponderosa (Say, 1822), was studied in a Cedar Key, Florida population between March 2001 and January 2003. Ponderous arks are dioecious, and no hermaphrodites were found in this study...

Locomotory behavior and habitat selection in littoral gastropods on Caribbean limestone shores.
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT Microhabitat selection and diurnal and nocturnal movement patterns in two tropical littoral gastropods (Nerita versicolor and Tectarius antonii) were compared in relation to shore position allowing for an assessment of the influence of...

The effect of periodically "milking" to obtain Tyrian Purple from Plicopurpura pansa (Gould, 1853) on the frequency of expulsion and mortality.
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT Most marine snails of the families Muricidae and Thaididae produce in their hypobranchial gland (mucus gland) a colorless secretion containing minute amounts of chromogens, which develop under the influence of light and oxygen into a...

Acute and subchronic toxicity of lead to the spotted Babylon, Babylonia areolata (neogastropoda, buccinidae).
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT The acute and subchronic toxicity of lead was determined in the spotted babylon, Babylonia areolata. The 96-h static bioassay was conducted to estimate the median lethal concentration ([LC.sub.50). The snails were exposed to lead...

Effects of dietary protein and energy levels on growth and lipid composition of juvenile snail (Semisulcospira gottschei).
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT A feeding trial of 5 dietary protein levels (12%, 22%, 32%, 42%, and 52%) and 2 dietary energy levels (3.3 and 3.9 kcal/g diet) factorial design with three replicates was conducted to investigate the proper dietary protein and energy...

Geographic variation in nuclear genes of the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica Gmelin.
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT The eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica Gmelin, is a common inhabitant of estuarine and coastal waters from maritime Canada through the Gulf of Mexico. Because mitochondrial DNA haplotypes exhibit a distinct genetic break between...

The effect of peat moss particles on the physiology of the Eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica.(Abstract)
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT This study was designed to evaluate whether the addition of peat moss particles to an algal diet influenced the physiology, biochemical composition, reproductive development, and survival of the Eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica)...

Condition index of the Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin, 1791) in Sapelo Island Georgia--effects of site, position on bed and pea crab parasitism.(Abstract)
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT The condition index (CI) is a tool that has been used to estimate the effect that different environmental factors have on oyster meat quality. The CI of oysters in five beds in Sapelo Island and the Doboy Sound (Georgia, United States)...

Influence of salinity on the habitat use of oyster reefs in three Southwest Florida estuaries.
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT To gauge the influence of salinity on the habitat value of oyster reefs, spatial and seasonal patterns of the presence of reef-resident fishes and decapods were assessed in the Caloosahatchee, Estero, and Faka-Union estuaries of...

Disappearance of the natural emergent 3-dimensional oyster reef system of the James River, Virginia, 1871-1948.
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT Anecdotal reports have long indicated that oysters, Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin), in the Chesapeake Bay once grew in large 3-dimensional reef structures. However, hard evidence of widespread 3-dimensional oyster reefs in the...

Performance of "natural dermo-resistant" oyster stocks--survival, disease, growth, condition and energy reserves.(Abstract)
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT To determine if natural populations of the eastern oyster possess resistance to Perkinsus marinus, progeny representing several oyster stocks from the Chesapeake Bay and the Gulf of Mexico were deployed at two sites within the...

Survey of water quality, oyster reproduction and oyster health status in the St. Lucie Estuary.(Abstract)
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT A survey was conducted to characterize the status of water quality (salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, and temperature), eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) reproduction, and eastern oyster health in the St. Lucie Estuary (SLE),...

Seasonal variation of heat shock protein 70 in Eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) infected with Perkinsus marinus (Dermo).(Abstract)
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT Eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) inhabit highly variable environments and are exposed to large seasonal shifts in temperature. Prevalence and intensity of oyster diseases, particularly Perkinsus marinus (Dermo), increase during...

The effects of temperature and salinity on apoptosis of Crassostrea virginica hemocytes and Perkinsus marinus.(Abstract)
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT: Oyster culture, which is a large part of the North American aquaculture industry, is greatly hindered by the parasite Perkinsus marinus. The different oyster defense mechanisms and how the parasite seems to evade them are not fully...

Gut content, phytoplankton abundance and reproductive season in the black oyster (Hyotissa hyotis, Linne, 1758) at Isla Espiritu Santo, Gulf of California.(Abstract)
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT Hyotissa hyotis specimens were collected at Espiritu Santo Island, Gulf of California, from March 1998 to March 1999. Water temperature was recorded, gut-content samples were obtained, phytoplankton abundance was estimated, and the...

Brooding pattern and larval production in wild stocks of the puelche oyster, Ostrea puelchana d'orbigny.(Abstract)
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT Brooding pattern and fertility of the puelche oyster (Ostrea puelchana) were investigated in a native population from the San Matias Gulf (40[degrees]48'S; 65[degrees]05'W, Northern Patagonia, Argentina). Monthly samples of 100 oysters...

Summer Mortality of Crassostrea gigas (thunberg) in relation to environmental rearing conditions.(Abstract)
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to investigate summer mortality of the cupped oyster, Crassostrea gigas, in relation to culture practices in the traditional oyster production region of Marennes-Oleron (France). Four oyster rearing...

The effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure on the fertilization and larval development of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas.(Abstract)
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT To investigate the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) effect on fertilization of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, we exposed the adult brood stocks to PAHs (200 ppb) for 30 days as the treated (E group) with a nonexposed group...

Factors influencing recruitment of hatchery reared pearl oyster (Pinctada Mazatlanica; Hanley 1856) spat.(Abstract)
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT We evaluated experimental collection of Pinctada mazatlanica spat on substrates of different textures and colors placed at different depths within settlement tanks. When larvae reached the pediveliger stage (day 25), black-colored spat...

Variation in thermal tolerance among three Mississippi river populations of the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha.
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT To investigate the occurrence of thermal adaptation in the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha, inhabiting the lower reaches of the Mississippi River, we compared lethal heat-tolerance among three populations (mussels collected at Lake...

Dioxin and heavy-metal contamination of shellfish and sediments in St. Louis Bay, Mississippi and adjacent marine waters.
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT Dioxins, furans, and trace metals were evaluated in shellfish and sediments from St. Louis Bay, Mississippi and adjacent waters of Mississippi Sound. Highest concentrations and the most toxic dioxin congener were found in St. Louis Bay...

Potential antimicrobial activity of marine molluscs from tuticorin, southeast coast of India against 40 biofilm bacteria.
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT Methanol: water (1:1), methanol: dichloromethane (1:1) and acetone extracts of molluscs comprising 77 whole body, four inks, four opercula, 10 egg masses, and 10 digestive glands were screened for antimicrobial activity on marine...

Early blue crab recruitment to alternative nursery habitats in Mississippi, USA.
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT Although seagrass in the lower segments of estuaries provides good nursery habitat for blue crabs, the role of alternative inshore habitats for early blue crab recruitment is not well-known. Using suction sampling, we examined the...

Patches of crab megalopae in the mouth of Delaware Bay--an analysis of spatial scales.
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT Recent studies have shown that zoea larvae of brachyuran crabs often occur in patches that are formed at spawning and persist on time scales ranging from days to at least a week. In the present work we investigated the spatial...

Abundance, dynamics and mortality of the Delaware Bay stock of blue crabs, Callinectes sapidus.
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT The Delaware Bay stock of blue crabs supports a bistate fishery in New Jersey and Delaware, with annual landings climbing through the 1980s and 1990s to almost 11 x [10.sup.6] pounds (4,390 metric tons) in 1995 and then declining to a...

White spot syndrome virus in frozen shrimp sold at Massachusetts supermarkets.
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT One of the most damaging viral diseases affecting the shrimp aquaculture industry is white spot disease (WSD) caused by white spot virus (WSSV), which causes high morbidity and mortality rates in penaeid shrimp and other crustaceans....

Humpback shrimp biology in a central coast inlet, British Columbia, Canada.
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT A population of humpback shrimp inhabiting Drury Inlet, British Columbia, was surveyed in November 2001 and March 2002 with trawl and trap fishing gear. Trawl catches were more representative of the shrimp population than trap catches...

Variation in fiber, protein, and lipid content of shrimp feed--effects on gut passage times measured in the field.
January 1, 2005... ABSTRACT The effect of varying levels of fiber, protein, and lipid feed component levels on gut passage time (GPT) and gut passage rate (GPR) of Farfantepenaeus aztecus (Perez Farfante & Kensley 1997), Litopenaeus setiferus (Perez Farfante &...