Journal of Shellfish Research articles from August 2007

Journal of Shellfish Research archives from August 2007

Bivalve aquaculture and exotic species: a review of ecological considerations and management issues.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT Bivalves have been grown and transported for culture for hundreds of years and the introduction of some species outside of their native range for aquaculture has been suggested to be one of the greatest modes of introduction of exotic...

Isotopic determination of Japanese scallop Patinopecten (Mizuhopecten) Yessoensis (Jay) tissues shows habitat-related differences in food sources.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT Using stable isotope analysis, this study examined the potential food sources of the Japanese scallop, Patinopecten (Mizuhopecten) yessoensis (Jay) and determined whether the isotopic ratios inferred from tissues of cultured scallops...

Molecular genetic evidence suggests Long Island as the geographic origin for the present population of bay scallops in Barnegat Bay, New Jersey.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT We have used molecular genetic methods to examine the question of the geographic origins of the newly returned Argopecten irradians populations in Barnegat Bay (BB), New Jersey. Using PCR to amplify specific polymorphic microsatellite...

The possible role of telomeres in the short life span of the bay scallop, Argopecten irradians irradians (Lamarck 1819).
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT The life spans of eukaryotes can be determinate or indeterminate. Examples of the latter are found from sponges to lobsters to rainbow trout that reproduce and grow until disease, predation, or environmental circumstances end their...

Breeding cycle and early development of the keyhole limpet Fissurella nigra Lesson, 1831.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT In Chile, various species of keyhole limpet of the Fissurella genus constitute a multispecific fisheries activity. Nevertheless, management of these species is limited because of insufficient understanding of their reproductive...

Coccidian (Apicomplexa) parasite infecting Strombus gigas Linne, 1758 digestive gland.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT This study reports on a new parasite of the digestive gland of the queen conch, Strombus gigas. An intense and generalized sporozoan infection was detected during a reproductive study of S. gigas in San Andres island (Colombia). The...

Factors affecting settlement of abalone (Haliotis iris) larvae on benthic diatom films.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT Diatoms are widely used in abalone hatcheries to induce larval settlement (-attachment and metamorphosis) but there are few data on the factors that influence their effectiveness as settlement cues. Of 16 diatom strains tested in...

Protection of glycolytic enzymes by metallothioneins from oxidative damage in the digestive gland of green lipped mussel Perna viridis.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT We evaluated the capacity of metallothioneins (MT) in maintaining anaerobic metabolism in the green lipped mussel Perna viridis during experimentally induced oxidative stress. Mussels were exposed to 50 [micro]g/L of cadmium during...

Range and dispersal of a tropical marine invader, the Asian green mussel, Perna viridis, in subtropical waters of the southeastern United States.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT The tropical Asian green mussel, Perna viridis (Bivalvia: Mytilidae) is a recent invader in the Caribbean Basin, including the subtropical southeastern United States. In this study we examined the (1) range of P. viridis in the...

Use of a formulated diet for mussel spat Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lamarck 1819) in a commercial hatchery.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT In the present study we evaluated the musselspat feed MySpat formulated by INVE Technologies (Dendermonde, Belgium) in combination with small quantities of microalgae as a complete diet for young mussel seed Mytilus galloprovincialis...

Norovirus contamination in wild oysters and mussels in Shiogama Bay, northeastern Japan.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT The contamination with norovirus (NV), a causative agent of gastroenteritis, in wild Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas and Mediterranean blue mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis was surveyed from 2005 to 2006 by RT-PCR, collecting...

Epizootiology of Quahog Parasite Unknown (QPX) disease in northern quahogs (= hard clams) Mercenaria mercenaria.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT The economically important marine bivalve mollusc, Mercenaria mercenaria, (commonly called a northern quahog or hard clam), has endured considerable mortalities caused by a thraustochytrid pathogen called Quahog Parasite X (QPX). Data...

Laboratory transmission studies of QPX disease in the northern quahog (=hard clam): Development of an infection procedure.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT Quahog Parasite Unknown (QPX) disease has significantly impacted cultured and wild hard clam, Mercenaria mercenaria, populations in the Northeastern United States and is the first formidable disease issue concerning near market sized...

Influences of physical and biological variables on softshell clam (Mya arenaria Linneaus 1758) burial.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT Stock enhancement of the infaunal bivalve, Mya arenaria, is becoming an increasingly important strategy for fisheries managers and the clamming industry in eastern Canada and the New England states. There is also a growing interest...

Condition, reproductive activity, and gross biochemical composition of the Manila clam, Tapes philippinarum in natural and newly created sandy habitats of the southern coast of Korea.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT Sand was added to the mudflat in a small bay on the southern coast of Korea in an attempt to create a new habitat for the Manila clam (Tapes philippinarum) in the muddy intertidal zone. To evaluate whether the newly created sandy...

Histology and ultrastructure of the mantle epidermis of the equilateral Venus, Gomphina veneriformis (Bivalvia: Veneridae).
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT The histochemical characteristics and ultrastructure of the mantle of Gomphina veneriformis, were described using light and electron microscopy. When the mantle was distinguished into marginal, middle, and apical zones, the marginal...

Morphometric relationships, gametogenic development and spawning of the geoduck clam Panopea globosa (Bivalvia: Hiatellidae) in the central Gulf of California.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT This paper describes morphometric relationships, and the timing of gametogenic development and spawning for the geoduck clam Panopea globosa (Dall 1898) from a population in the east central Gulf of California. Clams were collected...

Annual gametogenesis of the Chinese anapella clam Coecella chinensis (Deshayes 1855) at an upper intertidal sandy beach on the east coast of Jeju, Korea.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT We report for the first time annual gametogenesis in the Chinese anapella clam Coecella chinensis (Deshayes 1855) living on an upper intertidal sandy beach on the eastern coast of Jeju, Korea. Using histological methods, gonadal...

Age determination, validation, growth and minimum size of sexual maturity of the Greenland smooth cockle (Serripes groenlandicus, Bruguiere, 1789) in Eastern Canada.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT The Greenland smoothcockle (Serripes groenlandicus) has a circumpolar distribution in the northern hemisphere. Despite such a wide range and potential commercial importance, little is known about most aspects of the biology of this...

Growth and mortality of dermo-disease-free juvenile oysters (Crassostrea virginica) at three salinity regimes in an enzootic area of Chesapeake Bay.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT Specific-pathogen-free (SPF) oysters (Crassostrea virginica) were set on shell and deployed on three oyster bars along a salinity gradient in the Patuxent River, MD, to determine growth, time to initial infection by Perkinsus marinus...

Acquisition and progression of Perkinsus marinus infections by specific-pathogen-free juvenile oysters (Crassostrea virginica Gmelin) in a mesohaline Chesapeake Bay tributary.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT We conducted a 36-mo study to determine the effects of environmental variables and proximity to infected resident oysters on Perkinsus marinus infection acquisition and progression in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) juvenile oysters in...

Oyster growth analysis: a comparison of methods.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT The increase in disease related mortality has made managing oyster resources increasingly difficult. In Delaware Bay sustaining harvest requires specific information on growth rates of adult oysters on the different beds. We reviewed...

The application of neutral red retention assay to evaluate the differences in stress responses to sexual maturation and spawning between different sizes of Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg).
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT Neutral red retention (NRR) assay was used to evaluate the effects of sexual maturation, spawning, and post spawning recovery on lysosomal membrane integrity in hemocytes of two size classes of Pacific oysters. Large (102.23 [+ or -]...

Ecotoxicological evaluations of common hatchery substances and procedures used in the production of Sydney rock oysters Saccostrea glomerata (Gould 1850).
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT Progress in the Sydney rock oyster Saccostrea glomerata industry, through the adoption of oyster spat selected for faster growth and disease resistance, has been hampered by long-term variability in commercial hatchery spat supply. As...

Histological and feeding response of Sydney rock oysters, Saccostrea glomerata, to acid sulfate soil outflows.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT Estuarine acidification, caused by disturbance of acid sulfate soils (ASS) is a problem that affects many estuaries in eastern Australia. ASS outflows have low pH and elevated concentrations of metals, principally iron and aluminum....

Impacts of estuarine acidification on survival and growth of Sydney rock oysters Saccostrea glomerata (Gould 1850).
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT Estuarine acidification caused by outflows from acid sulfate soils (ASS), impacts many estuaries in eastern Australia. Affected waters are characterized by low pH and elevated concentrations of metals, particularly iron, aluminum, and...

The bioeconomic feasibility of culturing triploid Crassostrea ariakensis in North Carolina.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT The collapse of the native oyster Crassostrea virginica fishery along the eastern United States has prompted resource managers to consider introducing a nonnative oyster for restoration of the wild fishery and/or for culture as a...

Reproductive cycle of the Pearl oyster Pteria sterna (Pteriidae) in the Ojo de Liebre lagoon, B.C.S., Mexico.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT The reproductive cycle of a wild population of the oyster pearl Pteria sterna living in the Ojo de Liebre lagoon was analyzed from February 2001 to February 2002. The gonadic development was studied both qualitatively (through...

Diverse feeding responses of five species of bivalve mollusc when exposed to three species of harmful algae.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT Shell closure and restriction of filtration are behavioral responses by which bivalve molluscs can limit exposure of soft tissues to noxious or toxic agents, including harmful microalgae. In this study, we assessed the clearance rates...

Food sources of three bivalves living in two habitats of Jiaozhou Bay (Qingdao, China): Indicated by lipid biomarkers and stable isotope analysis.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT Food sources of three filter-feeding bivalves from two habitats (intertidal oyster Crassostreagigas, mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis, and subtidal cultured scallop Chlamys farreri) of Jiaozhou Bay (Qingdao, China) were determined by...

Habitat and associated fauna of Lithophaga lithophaga (Linne 1758) in the bay of Bizerta (Tunisia).
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT The Bay of Bizerta (Tunisia) has some sheltered rocky areas that support an important lithophagous fauna. The hard rocky limestone substrata in the bay showed a well-ordered mineralogical structure and the biomicritic matrix contained...

A fiber optic sensor for high resolution measurement and continuous monitoring of valve gape in bivalve molluscs.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT We describe a novel sensor based on fiber optic technology for fine scale (~0.1 mm) laboratory measurements of valve gape in bivalve molluscs. We have illustrated the operation of this sensor by measuring valve gape in conjunction with...

Inshore Tanner crab (Chionoecetes bairdi) biology in a central coast inlet, British Columbia, Canada.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) and the Oweekeno Nation (ON) have undertaken a cooperative assessment of inshore Tanner crab, Chionoecetes bairdi, in support of developing a fishery for this species in Rivers Inlet, British Columbia...

Development of formulated bait for edible crab (Cancer pagurus L.), using by-products from the fisheries and aquaculture industry.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT Four formulated baits for the edible crab (Cancer pagurus L.), were developed. In all baits, fish skin and saithe were the main ingredients. Fish skin gelatin strengthened by the enzyme transglutaminase functioned as a binder in all...

First studies on morphometric relationships and size at maturity of the red crab Platyxanthus patagonicus (Milne-Edwards) and variations caused by Rhizocephalan infestation, in the San Matias Gulf, Patagonia, Argentina.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT The size at onset sexual maturity in brachyurans can be evaluated considering different criteria, including growth allometry, gonad development stages, and presence of sperm in spermathecas or eggs in the abdomen. Morphometric aspects...

A preliminary study of the effect of meteorological factors on the live export trade of the Scottish Nephrops trawling fishery.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT The impact of meteorological factors on the condition of N. norvegicus caught for the live export market was assessed by correlating the mean wind speed and aerial temperature on the day of landing with the percentage of catch, on...

Habitat utilization by the reproductive stock of the brown shrimp Farfantepenaeus californiensis in the central Gulf of California.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT To fully understand the reproductive habitat of brown shrimp, Farfantepenaeus californiensis, this study analyzed reproductive dynamics of the stock in a semiarid coastal region of the Gulf of California. Monthly biological samplings...

Susceptibility of the peppermint shrimp Lysmata wurdemanni to the white spot syndrome virus.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) affects the penaeid shrimp culture industry, but the potential impact on the ornamental shrimp industry has not been studied. Therefore, experiments were conducted to determine the susceptibility of the...

Northward extension of geographic range of the sea urchin Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus in Hokkaido, Japan.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT In the early 1990s, the geographic range of the sea urchin Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus from the Sea of Japan increased from off southwestern Hokkaido to off northern Hokkaido. This was caused by episodic recruitment in 1989, 1990, and...

Sensory quality of gonads from the green sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis, fed different diets.
August 1, 2007... ABSTRACT Dietary protein (25%) influences on the sensory characteristics of green sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis) gonads were examined in two feeding experiments, both lasting for 60 days. Gonad indices and sensory quality were...