Journal of Shellfish Research articles from April 2007

Journal of Shellfish Research archives from April 2007

Suspension culture of the great scallop Pecten maximus in Galicia, NW Spain: intermediate secondary culture from juveniles to young adults.
April 1, 2007... ABSTRACT A strategy for producing juvenile Pecten maximus to a suitable size for final culture ([approximately equal to] 20-60 mm shell-height) within a year is suggested. Effects of stocking density, fouling on cages and shells, and handling...

Failed recovery of a collapsed scallop (Argopecten ventricosus) fishery in Las Perlas Archipelago, Panama.
April 1, 2007... ABSTRACT The scallop Argopecten ventricosus (Sowerby II 1842) supported an important fishery in the Gulf of Panama (Pacific Panama) during 1981-1990, but the fishery essentially collapsed in 1991. To determine if the A. ventricosus population...

Are bioenergetic properties linked with shell fluctuating asymmetry and heterozygosity in Iceland scallop, Chlamys islandica?
April 1, 2007... ABSTRACT We investigated the relationship between physiological properties, swimming performance, shell fluctuating asymmetry, and heterozygosity at allozyme loci in the Iceland scallop, Chlamys islandica, in an attempt to describe potential...

Phylogenetic relationships among nine scallop species (Bivalvia: Pectinidae) inferred from nucleotide sequences of one mitochondrial and three nuclear gene regions.
April 1, 2007... ABSTRACT Current knowledge of the evolutionary relationships among scallop species (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Pectinidae) in the Indo-Pacific region is rather scanty. To enhance the understanding of the relationships within this group, phylogenies of...

The effects of female size on fecundity in a large marine gastropod Rapana venosa (Muricidae).
April 1, 2007... ABSTRACT The life history strategy of the veined rapa whelk Rapana venosa, a temperate marine gastropod, includes generation times of 1 y, individual longevity of >10 y, annual production of egg cases, and an adult size range of 40 to >160 mm...

Suitability of three stains to mark shells of Concholepas concholepas (Gastropoda) and Mesodesma donacium (Bivalvia).
April 1, 2007... ABSTRACT Different stains are used to internally mark calcified structures of mollusc shells in growth experiments. Because of interspecific variations in marking success, an assessment of suitability for each species is necessary. The...

Interaction between vitamins A and D on growth and metabolic responses of abalone Haliotis discus hannai, Ino.
April 1, 2007... ABSTRACT A 152-day growth experiment was conducted in a recirculated water system to investigate the interaction between vitamins A (retinol) and D (cholecalciferol) on growth and metabolic responses in abalone Haliotis discus hannai Ino....

Abundance and distribution of Queen conch (Strombus gigas, Linne 1758) veligers of Alacranes reef, Yucatan, Mexico.
April 1, 2007... ABSTRACT Distribution and abundance of Strombus gigas (Linne 1758) larvae were studied in Alacranes reef to identify if this marine protected area could be a basin site for recruitment of this species. Duplicate samples were collected every...

Larval and early juvenile development of the volcano keyhole limpet, Fissurella volcano.
April 1, 2007... ABSTRACT Larval and juvenile development were studied in the volcano keyhole limpet Fissurella volcano over 77 days under laboratory conditions at temperatures ranging from 18[degrees]C to 20[degrees]C. Larvae obtained by spontaneous spawning...

Oogenesis and sexual maturation in Meretrix lusoria (Roding 1798) (Bivalvia: Veneridae) in western Korea.
April 1, 2007... ABSTRACT The ultrastructures of germ cells and follicle cells during oogenesis, the reproductive cycle, and the size at sexual maturity in female Meretrix lusoria were investigated for clams collected from Simpo, Korea by cytological,...

Reproductive cycle and energy content of Tawera gayi (Hupe 1854) (Bivalvia: Veneridae) at the southernmost limit of their distribution range.
April 1, 2007... ABSTRACT The reproductive cycle and the energy content of soft parts of Tawera gayi were studied monthly from August 2001 to July 2002 in Ushuaia Bay, Beagle Channel. The degree of sexual maturity was determined histologically. The sex ratio...

Optimizing the success of Austrovenus stutchburyi restoration: preliminary investigations in a New Zealand estuary.
April 1, 2007... ABSTRACT Degradation of coastal habitats can result in loss or depletion of valued vegetation, fish, and shellfish stocks. Consequently, there are many initiatives to protect and restore these areas or populations to their previous state. Here...

Northern quahog (= hard clam) Mercenaria mercenaria age at length relationships and growth patterns in the York River, Virginia 1954 to 1970.
April 1, 2007... ABSTRACT Northern quahogs Mercenaria mercenaria were grown in trays suspended in the York River, Virginia from November 1954 (4 months old) to December 1970 (16 years old). Measurements of shell length (mm) were made at least once a year from...

Influence of host genetic origin and geographic location on QPX disease in northern quahogs (= hard clams), Mercenaria mercenaria.
April 1, 2007... ABSTRACT QPX (Quahog Parasite Unknown) a protistan pathogen of northern quahogs (=hard clams), Mercenaria mercenaria, has caused disease outbreaks in maritime Canada, and in Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey, and Virginia, USA. Although...

Observations on the maintenance mechanisms of metapopulations, with special reference to the early reproductive process of the manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum (Adams & Reeve) in Tokyo Bay.
April 1, 2007... ABSTRACT To obtain basic ecological information on declining Tokyo Bay stocks of the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum, life history (including spawning, larval transport and settlement, and growth and survival of benthic clams) was...

Molecular detection of Hematodinium SP. infecting the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus.
April 1, 2007... ABSTRACT Species of Hematodinium are endoparasitic dinoflagellates of crustaceans. Certain stages of the parasites can be very difficult to detect in the hemolymph of their hosts, because the trophic stages resemble hemocytes, and they can...

Effects of salinity and temperature on survival, growth, and energy budget of juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei.
April 1, 2007... ABSTRACT A 4 x 4 factorial experiment was conducted to determine the effects of salinity (0.2 [per thousand], 11 [per thousand], 21 [per thousand], and 31 [per thousand]) and temperature (20[degrees]C, 24[degrees]C, 28[degrees]C, and...

The effect of hypoxia and anoxia on osmotic and ionic regulation in the brackish water isopod Saduria entomon (Linnaeus) from the Gulf of Gdansk (Southern Baltic).
April 1, 2007... ABSTRACT The experimental material for the investigations was collected from the deep zones of the Gulf of Gdansk. The experiments were performed at salinities of 3.0 PSU (96.87 mmol/kg), 7.3 PSU (235.73 mmol/kg), 15 practical salinity unit...

Changes in the biodiversity of mussel assemblages induced by two methods of cultivation.
April 1, 2007... ABSTRACT Mussel cultivation involves collecting mussel spat or transplanting mussels that typically harbor complex assemblages of associated species, into more favorable growing sites. The biodiversity associated with cultivated mussel...

Summer seed mortality of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas Thunberg grown in Tomales Bay, California, USA: the influence of oyster stock, planting time, pathogens, and environmental stressors.
April 1, 2007... ABSTRACT Summer seed mortality (SSM) has occurred yearly in Tomales Bay, California since 1993. SSM has resulted in up to 90% cumulative losses, and has been associated with extreme temperature, phytoplankton blooms, and an oyster herpesvirus....

Effect of age and tissue weight on the cadmium concentration in Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas).
April 1, 2007... ABSTRACT This study investigated the influence of age and tissue weight on cadmium (Cd) levels in Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas). Oysters from 4 different age groups (1, 2, 3, and 4 y) were collected at an oyster farm in Willapa Bay,...

Is oyster shell a sustainable estuarine resource?
April 1, 2007... ABSTRACT The decline of the eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) as an estuarine resource is well documented for many estuaries on the United States east coast. This decline is often associated with a decline in the shell resource and...

Haplosporidium nelsoni (MSX) rDNA detected in oysters from the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea.
April 1, 2007... ABSTRACT The known range of the oyster pathogen Haplosporidium nelsoni Haskin, Stauber, and Mackin (MSX) extends along the North American Atlantic coast from Nova Scotia to Florida. Our study demonstrates that H. nelsoni is also present...

Effects of stage 2 juvenile removal frequency on final survival rates in artificial incubation of crayfish eggs (Pacifastacus leniusculus Dana. Astacidae).
April 1, 2007... ABSTRACT In artificial incubation of astacid crayfish eggs, stage 2 juveniles must be removed by hand from incubators and a significant decrease in survival rates has been recorded between hatching (stage 1) and the first moult (stage 2). To...

The invasive bivalves Dreissena polymorpha and Limnoperna fortunei: parallels, contrasts, potential spread and invasion impacts.
April 1, 2007... ABSTRACT We contrast ecological and life history traits of the well studied freshwater invader, the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha), with the lesser known invasive golden mussel (Limnoperna fortunei) to compare salient biological traits and...

Predator-prey interactions: experimental and field approaches.(SPECIAL THEME SECTION)
April 1, 2007... INTRODUCTION Predator-prey interactions constitute a major ecological process, which affects individuals, populations, and communities and links various organisms within and across ecosystems. Indeed, as all heterotrophs must procure their...

Trampling, peeling and nibbling mussels: an experimental assessment of mechanical and predatory damage to shells of Mytilus trossulus (mollusca: mytilidae).(SPECIAL THEME SECTION)
April 1, 2007... ABSTRACT Shell damage, if properly recognized, can provide information about biotic interactions between molluscs and their predators. However, it can be difficult to distinguish predatory damage from mechanical breakage, thus making...

Shell-selection behavior of the hermit crab Pagurus granosimanus in relation to isolation, competition, and predation.(SPECIAL THEME SECTION)
April 1, 2007... ABSTRACT Hermit crabs select shells based on size, weight, species of gastropod, and shell condition. However, in many environments, empty, undamaged gastropod shells are in short supply and this shortage may influence hermit crab shell...

Biotic interactions recorded in shells of recent rhynchonelliform brachiopods from San Juan Island, USA.(SPECIAL THEME SECTION)
April 1, 2007... ABSTRACT Biotic interactions between brachiopods and spionid polychaete worms, collected around San Juan Islands (USA), were documented using observations from live-collected individuals and traces of bioerosion found in dead brachiopod shells....

Towards establishing a modern baseline for paleopathology: trace-producing parasites in a bivalve host.(SPECIAL THEME SECTION)
April 1, 2007... ABSTRACT One hundred one individuals of Protothaca staminea were live-collected from Argyle Lagoon (sand/mud substrate) and Argyle Creek (gravel/sand substrate), San Juan Island, Washington and examined for trace-producing parasite infestation....

Testing the role of spines as predatory defense.(SPECIAL THEME SECTION)
April 1, 2007... ABSTRACT Spines are frequently considered to be an important physical defense against predators. This experiment shows that spines do not always function successfully as physical protection. Using natural predators and prey (the drilling...

Shell-less Nucella lamellosa (Gmelin) from the rocky intertidal zone of San Juan Island, Washington.(SPECIAL THEME SECTION)
April 1, 2007... ABSTRACT In the summer of 2004, seven Nucella lamellosa snails from the rocky intertidal zone were found to have detached from their shells after collection. The snails continued to live and function normally for several weeks after discovery....

Detecting avian predation on bivalve assemblages using indirect methods.(SPECIAL THEME SECTION)
April 1, 2007... ABSTRACT Modern ecological studies suggest that avian predation has a significant impact on intertidal mollusc-dominated communities and can potentially bias the fossil record by altering the composition and probability of preservation of...