Journal of Shellfish Research articles from April 2004

Journal of Shellfish Research archives from April 2004

Honored life member: Brian L. Bayne.
April 1, 2004... Take a passion for marine science, a piercing intellect, and a zest for life, and mix them all together under the heat of a Caribbean sun, and it's a heady brew! No question either about the talent for marine biology and molluscan...

Honored life member: John Hood Ryther.
April 1, 2004... John Hood Ryther was born in Newton, Massachusetts, in 1922. He attended Newton High School before,joining the U.S. Army Air Force. He served from 1941 through 1945 and rose to the rank of Captain and Pilot. He subsequently attended Harvard...

Influence of food supply on postmetamorphic growth and survival of hatchery-produced lion's paw scallop, nodipecten nodosus.(Linnaeus, 1758)
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT Poor growth and low survival are often reported in hatchery-reared scallops early after settlement and metamorphosis. The effects of algal deprivation, substrate biofilm, and two algal cell concentrations (ca. 4.7 x [10.sup.3] and 4 x...

Biochemical composition, reproductive activity and food availability of the lion's paw scallop Nodipecten subnodosus in the Laguna Ojo de Liebre, Baja California Sur, Mexico.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT The relationships between the nutrient storage cycle, reproductive activity, and available food for the lion's paw scallop Nodipecten subnodosus were investigated during a one-year period in Laguna Ojo de Liebre, Baja California Sur,...

Energetic requirements during Gonad maturation and spawning in scallops: sex differences in Chlamys islandica (Muller 1776).
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT Reproduction in scallops, as in many broadcast-spawning invertebrates, involves the production of a gonad that can become the largest tissue in the body. Gonad maturation leads to mobilization of macmmolecular reserves from somatic...

Estimation of sea scallop abundance using a video survey in off-shore US waters.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT A video survey was conducted from May 28, 2003, to August 23, 2003, to provide spatially explicit estimates of sea scallop density and size distributions along the off-shore northeast waters of the United States. Sea scallop...

Site selection for oyster habitat rehabilitation in the Virginia portion of the Chesapeake bay: a commentary.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT A significant body of knowledge has been generated during the past decade on disease tolerance of the native oyster Crassostrea virginica. A major opportunity to move into a large-scale field application phase of that knowledge has...

Ecosystem influences of natural and cultivated populations of suspension-feeding bivalve molluscs: a review.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT Suspension-feeding bivalves serve to couple pelagic and benthic processes because they filter suspended particles from the water column and the undigested remains, ejected as mucus-bound feces and pseudofeces, sink to the sediment...

Long-term projections of eastern oyster populations under various management scenarios.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT Time series of fishery-dependent and fishery independent data were used to parameterize a model of oyster population dynamics for Maryland's Chesapeake Bay. Model parameters are (1) fishing mortality, estimated from differences between...

Age structure and growth in an unusual population of purple clams, Amiantis purpuratus (Lamarck, 1818) (bivalvia; veneridae), from Argentine Patagonia.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT The purple clam, Amiantis purpuratus, is distributed in the southwest Atlantic between Vitoria (Brazil. 20[degrees] SL) and San Matias Gulf (Argentina, 41[degrees]SL). We studied the age structure and growth in its southernmost...

Seasonal changes in biochemical composition of the clam, Eurhomalea exalbida (bivalvia: veneridae), from the beagle channel, Argentina.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT Seasonal changes in biochemical composition (protein, glycogen, and lipid content) of different organs (FV, foot-visceral mass: M, adductor muscles; and GMS, gills-mantle-siphons) of the clam Eurhomalea exalbida from Ushuaia Bay...

Separation of recently settled manila clams, Tapes philippinarum (A. Adams and Reeve, 1850), from three sediment types using sucrose density solution.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT Thorough study of the life history of important fishery and aquaculture shellfish species is essential for the most appropriate management and development of the resource. The early juvenile life stages of wild intertidal clam...

Acetylcholine and serotonin induce larval metamorphosis of the Japanese short-neck clam Ruditapes philippinarum.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT The effects of neuroactive compounds on larval metamorphosis of the Japanese short neck clam Ruditapes philippinarum (Heterodonta. Veneddaet were investigated by exposing pediveligers to acetylcholine, serotonin, epinephrine,...

Perkinsus sp. infection risk for Manila clams, Venerupis philippinarum (A. Adams and Reeve, 1850) on the Pacific Coast of North and Central America.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT Manila clams (Venerupis philippinarum, A. Adams and Reeve 1850) are an important aquaculture species on the west coast of North America and are also cultured in Europe, Asia, and other locations. Clams cultured on the west coast of...

Filtration and respiration rates of the elongate sunset clam Gari elongata Lamarck 1818 under natural light conditions.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT This study is a first step in evaluating the potential of the suspension-feeding clam Gari elongata as a biofilter in lake/pond polyculture systems. Filtration and respiration rates across all sizes of G. elongata were measured in the...

El Nino and La Nina effects on reproductive cycle of the pearl oyster Pinctada mazatlanica (Hanley, 1856) (Pteriidae) at Isla Espiritu Santo in the Gulf of California.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT The impact of El Nino (1997-1998) and La Nina (1998-1999) on the reproductive cycle of the pearl oyster Pinctada mazatlanica was studied by histologic observation of gonads, determination of the conditioning index, and oocyte monthly...

Response profile of the Calafia pearl oyster, Pinctada mazatlanica (Hanley, 1856), to various sedative therapies related to surgery for round pearl induction.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT Anesthetic drugs are common in management sequences of commercial aquaculture that imply relaxation of specimens. Studies on physiologic response and relationships with functions of body parts are particularly centered in fishes to...

Effects of salinity and turbidity on the free amino acid composition in gill tissue of the pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT Effects of salinity and turbidity stresses on free amino acid (FAA) composition in Crassostrea gigas was investigated using high performance liquid chromatography. Oysters were exposed for 2 to 5 days to low salinity (LS, 7 [per...

Thermotolerance and Hsp70 profiles in adult and embryonic California native oysters, Ostreola conchaphila (Carpenter, 1857).
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT The oyster Ostreola conchaphila is endemic to shallow subtidal and low intertidal marine waters of the West coast of North America. The heat shock response of the species was characterized for both adult and early life stages. O....

Correlation of odor and color profiles of oysters (Crassostrea virginica) with electronic nose and color machine vision.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT Odor and color changes in oysters (Crassostrea virginica) stored at 1.8[degrees] and 7[degrees]C were measuredevery 3 days for up [o 13 days with an electronic nose, a computer vision system, and sensory panels. Electronic nose and...

Intraspecific life history variation in the southern oyster drill, Stramonita haemastoma: patterns and causes.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT Along the Louisiana coast of the Gulf of Mexico, the southern oyster drill, Stramonita haemastoma (Gray), reached peak densities at an exposed, coastal location, with lower but more constant densities in an estuarine oyster reef....

Captive breeding behavior of four strombidae conch.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT The feasibility of a captive breeding program was examined for the protected fisheries species Strombus gigas (queen conch) and three nonprotected Caribbean Strombus conch species: S. raninus (hawk-wing conch), S. alatus (Florida...

Genetic heterogeneity analysis and RAPD marker detection among four forms of Atrina pectinata Linnaeus.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT Pen shell (Atrina pectinata Linnaeus) can be distinguished into four forms based on the morphologic characteristics. Genetic similarity and heterogeneity were analyzed among the four forms by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)...

Reproductive pattern of the blood ark, anadara ovalis from the Northeast Coast of Florida.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT In blood arks, the sexes are separate; however, a low incidence of hermaphrodites was observed in the current study (2.17%). Mates occurred more frequently than females (m/f = 2.68). Ripe arks were present year round outside of the...

Histological studies on hermaphroditism, gametogenesis and cyclic changes in the structures of marsupial gills of the introduced asiatic clam, corbicula fluminea, and the Korean clam, corbicula leana.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT The marsh clams, Corbicula fluminea and Corbicula leana, are functional hermaphrodites. They usually appear to be surrounded by numerous spermatozoa in the hermaphroditic follicles. In both species, the follicular ganglia (consisting...

Feeding by larvae of the mussel mytilus galloprovincialis on red-tide dinoflagellates.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT To investigate feeding by the larvae of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis on red-tide dinoflagellates, we measured grazing rates of M. galloprovincialis larvae as a function of larval age and prey concentration when feeding on...

Comparative growth performance of early juvenile Haliotis asinina fed various artificial diets.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to compare artificial diets for early juvenile abalone, Haliotis asinina, containing different sources of protein. Juvenile H. asinina with mean initial shell length of 5.3-5.6 mm were fed artificial diets...

Karyotype of Pacific red abalone Haliotis rufescens (Archaeogastropoda: Haliotidae) using image analysis.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT This report describes a karyotypic analysis in the Pacific red abalone Haliotis rufescens using image analysis. This is the first karyotype reported for this species. Chromosome number and karyotype are the basic information of a...

Plicopurpura pansa (Gould, 1853) from the Pacific Coast of Mexico and Central America: a traditional source of Tyrian Purple.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT Most marine snails of the families Muricidae and Thaididae, which make up the genera Murex, Thais, and Plicopurpura, produce in the hypobranchial gland (mucus gland) a viscous liquid secretion. The secretion contains, besides mucus and...

Study on heritability of growth in the juvenile sea urchin, strongylocentrotus nudus.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT The heritability of growth of juvenile Strongylocentrotus nudus was analyzed using quantitative genetic methods. Twenty-one half-sib groups and 60-63 full-sib groups of juveniles were obtained by artificial fertilization of 3-5 females...

Utilization of log-piling structures as artificial habitats for red king crab Paralithodes camtschaticus.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT Artificial habitats or reefs have been used to mitigate for alteration of marine habitats and increase populations of desirable marine species. In Kodiak, Alaska, breakwater construction covered 3.5 ha of sedimentary habitat...

Biological control of aquarium pest anemone Aiptasia pallida verrill by peppermint shrimp Lysmata risso.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT Caridean shrimp in the genus Lysmara Risso are widely traded in the aquarium hobby industry. Peppermint shrimp Lysmata spp. have been used to control the brown (glass) anemone, Aiptasia pallida Verrill, a significant pest in the...

Effects of salinity and dietary carbohydrate levels on growth and energy budget of juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT The culture of Litopenaeus vannamei in low-salinity waters is now popular in many regions of the world, A 6 x 3 factorial experiment was conducted to determine the effects of salinities (tap water, 1 [per thousand], 2 [per thousand], 4...

Parapenaeon consolidatum (isopoda: bopyridae) and the relative growth and reproduction of Metapenaeopsis dalei (decapoda: penaeidae) in South Korea.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT This study describes the prevalence of a parasitic bopyrid isopod, Parapenaeon consolidatum, on Metapenaeopsis dalei and its effect on host growth and reproduction. The prevalence of P. consolidatum increased with shrimp size, from...

The effect of starvation on refeeding, digestive enzyme activity, oxygen consumption, and ammonia excretion in juvenile white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT Juveniles of the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei were kept without food for between 0 to 15 days to evaluate the impact of starvation on physiologic state (oxygen consumption, poststarvation refeeding index, nitrogen excretion, and...

Effect of dietary ascorbic acid levels on reproductive performance of shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei (boone), broodstock.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary ascorbic acid (AA) on reproductive performance of shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Stay C-35 (a stable derivative, mainly monophosphate) was selected as AA source. Four grade...

Changes in the body composition of adult male southern rock lobster, Jasus edwardsii, during starvation.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT This experiment determined the effect of starvation on the chemical composition and tissue histology of the abdominal muscle and digestive gland in adult male southern rock lobsters Jasus edwardsii during 14 and 28 days. Individual...

The lipid composition of early stage western rock lobster (Panulirus cygnus) phyllosoma: importance of polar lipid and essential fatty acids.
April 1, 2004... ABSTRACT Total lipid, lipid class, and fatty acid analyses were conducted on fed and starved stage I and II phyllosoma of the western rock lobster Panulirus cygnus. In both stages, the decrease in dry mass of starved larvae and increase in dry...