Middle Eastern Studies articles from July 1995

Middle Eastern Studies archives from July 1995

Gendered occupation and women's status in post-revolutionary Iran.
July 1, 1995... We are well aware that if a woman quits her post, there is a high probability that she would be replaced by a man. Our responsibility vis-a-vis ourselves and the new generation [to attain a higher status for women] thus forces us to maintain our...

Mizra Fath Ali Akhundzade and the call for modernization of the Islamic world.
July 1, 1995... In sharp contrast to west European societies, where modern nationalism emerged as the ideological expression of an internal process of nation formation, in the Muslim states of the Middle East nationalism developed as a response to an external...

The 1951-53 oil nationalization dispute and the Iranian economy: a rejoinder. (response to Patrick Clawson and Cyrus Sassanpour, International Journal of the Middle East Studies, vol. 19, p. 1, February 1987)
July 1, 1995... While much has been written about the politics of the 1951-53 Anglo-Iranian oil dispute and the overthrow of the Musadiq government, relatively little has been written on Iran's economic response during the oil nationalization crisis and the...

Boutros-Ghali's Cyprus initiative in 1992: why did it fail? (Boutros Boutros-Ghali)
July 1, 1995... The Cyprus dispute is one of the international/intercommunal conflicts that appears to have become less solvable in the wake of the end of the Cold War. The reduced probability of a negotiated settlement is all the more surprising given the...

Turkish foreign and strategic policy 1934-42.
July 1, 1995... Turkish Foreign Policy in the Second World War, and immediate prewar years, has not been adequately described. Initially, Turkey's foreign policy in these years was officially explained by reference to Turkey's treaty obligations - particularly...

Rulers and residents: British relations with the Aden Protectorate, 1937-59.
July 1, 1995... It is inconceivable that the model of a ready made and rather artificial unitary state like Iraq should be copied by us in our future relations with the numerous Arab units in the Aden Protectorate.(1) The position of the port of Aden as a...

Britain and Iraqi barley during the Second World War.
July 1, 1995... In May 1941 Britain ousted the pro-Axis regime in Iraq and installed a compliant government in Baghdad. British troops then remained in Iraq for the duration of the war to defend the country against German attack, facilitate the movement to...

The formation of the Transjordan-Syria boundary, 1915-32.
July 1, 1995... The creation of an international boundary between Transjordan and Syria was one of the outcomes of the secret treaties that were signed by the Imperial powers during the First World War. Although Transjordan was not created until 1921, its...

Towards an Arab-Latin American bloc? The genesis of Argentine-Middle East relations: Jordan, 1945-54.
July 1, 1995... After the Second World War, both Argentina and the Arab world were in need of friends in order to gain international legitimacy. In the case of the former this was due to the attacks of those who sought to exclude Argentina from international...

Egyptian Jewry under the Nasser regime, 1956-70.
July 1, 1995... Jews have lived in Egypt ever since they established a small colony in Upper Egypt on the Island of Elephantine, before the Babylonian Exile. Many came to that country following the conquest of Judea by Alexander the Great in 322 BCE. There were...

Turkey in winter. (books on Turkish history and Turkish historical figures)
July 1, 1995... Turkey presented an unhappy face in the winter of 1994-95. The reasons were not hard to find. The collapse of the national currency in January 1994 was followed by the imposition of an austerity programme in April which depressed the standard of...

Non-Conventional-Weapons Proliferation in the Middle East: Tackling the Spread of Nuclear, Chemical, and Biological Capabilities.
July 1, 1995... The aim of this volume is, as its title proclaims, avowedly prescriptive: to attempt to generate both general hypotheses and specific proposals for limiting the proliferation of especially nuclear, but also chemical and biological, weapons in the...

The Making of Saudi Arabia: 1916-1936, from Chieftaincy to Monarchical State.
July 1, 1995... Historical works on modern Saudi Arabia have been dominated by two positions. The role of Wahhabism, the eighteenth-century religious revivalist movement, has been over emphasized by many studies aiming to understand the emergence of the Saudi...

Indian Merchants and Eurasian Trade: 1600-1750.
July 1, 1995... There is a widely accepted view that a world economy was formed through the activities of European traders and investors, beginning slowly with the fifteenth-century voyages of discovery and developing rapidly with the industrial revolution of...

Muslim Resistance to the Tsar: Shamil and the Conquest of Chechnia and Daghestan.
July 1, 1995... Moshe Gammer's study of the Russian conquest of Chechnia and Daghestan is an exceptionally well-researched, intelligent and balanced work of scholarship. The book covers the campaigns of both sides, the geopolitical and diplomatic context, the...

Russia's Muslim Frontiers, New Directions in Cross-Cultural Analysis.
July 1, 1995... The collapse of the Soviet Union has resulted in a flood of books on the problems of the former Soviet nationalities. Where Central Asia is concerned, much useful work by Rusian and, more rarely, local experts has been translated into English in...

Islam: The View from the Edge.
July 1, 1995... This book is vintage Bulliet. Short, stimulating and eminently readable, it is concerned with Bulliet's favourite subjects (conversion, education, urban growth, local leadership) and summarizes his view of Islamic history as seen from Iran....

Change Within the Tradition among Jewish Women in Libya.
July 1, 1995... Rachel Simon states in the first paragraph of her Introduction that her study 'examines how changes in Libyan society as a whole . . . affected Libyan Jewish women and analyses the developments in their status, family life, work, education, and...