Middle Eastern Studies articles from July 1994

Middle Eastern Studies archives from July 1994

The geopolitics of the first british expedition to Egypt - I: the cabinet crisis of September 1800.
July 1, 1994... After a month of wrangling culminating in a written protest by the Foreign Secretary, the British cabinet decided on 2 October 1800 to send the only British force available for overseas service to Egypt, to help the Ottomans to drive out the...

Shaykh al-'Aql and the Druze of Mount Lebanon: conflict and accommodation.
July 1, 1994... The Lebanese Druze are well known for their solidarity despite the fact that for centuries they have suffered deep internal divisions. It is generally believed, although not systematically researched, that their particular social and religious...

The downfall of the Khuri administration: a dubious revolution. (former Lebanese President Bishara al-Khuri)
July 1, 1994... This article deals with the 1952 reshuffling in which Lebanese president Bishara al-Khuri was replaced by Camille Chamoun. In time, this was to be described as a veritable revolution in which public pressure for reform and change precipitated the...

The 1941 invasion of Syria and Lebanon: the role of the local paramilitary.
July 1, 1994... In June 1941 the Allies attacked the Syrian and the Lebanese Mandates and wrested them from the control of pro-Germany's Vichy France. These Mandates had been a part of the French empire for about two decades and they were important enough to...

The process of democratization in Jordan.
July 1, 1994... The period stretching from the year of independence to the early 1980s was one dominated by major regional and international political events as well as important social and economic changes. During this time the strength of the Jordanian...

Great Britain and Palestine towards the United Nations.
July 1, 1994... On 14 May 1948 Sir Alan Cunningham, Great Britain's High Commissioner for the Palestine Mandate which Britain had held since 1921, struck the Union Jack over Government House on Mount Zion in Jerusalem and walked out as a single bagpiper played...

Israeli policy on Jerusalem at the United Nations, 1948.
July 1, 1994... Israel's handling of the Jerusalem question at the United Nations in 1948 can be conveniently divided into four phases: (a) the Internationalization Scheme; (b) Bernadotte Plan No.1; (c) the Demilitarization Proposal; and (d) Bernadotte Plan...

The immigration policy of the Zionist institutions 1882-1914.
July 1, 1994... Zionism has always aspired to gather the Jewish people in its historical homeland. The Hibbat Zion organization and the Zionist movement's declared aim was, and still is, the ingathering of as many Jews as possible into Eretz Israel. What was...

Conflict among the ruling revolutionary elite in Iran.
July 1, 1994... Since the pioneering study of socio-economic background of elites by Mosca, there have been many attempts to find correlations between a certain elite socio-economic background and its political orientation and behaviour. This study is a...

Saudi development plans between capitalist and Islamic values.
July 1, 1994... This article addresses the questions of why the Saudi government decided to pursue the five-year development plans strategy, and what the priorities, objectives and domestic implications of these development plans are. It analyses the concepts...

The Middle East conflict and tourism to Israel, 1967-90.
July 1, 1994... Since the mid-1970s many developing countries have undertaken the development of their tourism infrastructures in an effort to attract a massive flow of inbound international tourists. In many of these countries international tourism has been...

A Switzer in the Caucasus: Faesy's campaigns in Chechnia and Daghestan. (Major-General Karl Faesy)
July 1, 1994... In January 1837 a new acting Commander was nominated to the twentieth Infantry Division and to the Left Flank of the Caucasian Line, which it manned. Major-General Karl Faesy (Karl Karlovich Feze -- or Fezi in Russian sources) was a Switzer...

Turcologica: 1986.
July 1, 1994... Numerous works have been written in Russian on the Ottoman Empire, dealing both with its domestic affairs and its external relations. This review article will focus on the former, excluding books on ideology, which have been discussed...

Osmanskaya Impyeriya v pyervoy chyetvyerti XVII vyeka: sbornik dokumyentov i matyerialov.
July 1, 1994... Several other studies concentrate on the history of the Ottoman Empire at various periods. One of the most important of these is a book by Kh. M. Ibragimbyeyli and N.S. Rashba, entitled Osmanskaya Impyeriya v pyervoy chyetvyerti XVII vyeka:...

Osmanskaya Impyeriya (nachalo XVIII v.).
July 1, 1994... A rather different historical study is A.A. Vitol's Osmanskaya Impyeriya (nachalo XVIII v.), The Ottoman Empire at the Beginning of the 18th Century (Moscow: Nauka Press for the Institute of Oriental Studies in the Academy of Sciences of the...

Balkanskiye vladyenya Osmanskoy Impyerii na rubyedzhye XVIII-XIX vv: vnutryennyeye polodzhyeniye, pryedposilki natsional'no-osvobodityel'-nikh dvidzhyeniy.
July 1, 1994... Continuing chronologically, one should examine V.P. Grachyev's Balkanskiye vladyenya Osmanskoy Impyerii na rubyedzhye XVIII-XIX vv. (vnutryennyeye polodzhyeniye, pryedposilki natsional'no-osvobodityel'nikh dvidzhyeniy), The Balkan Domains of...

Ryeformi 20-30-kh gg. XIX vyeka v Osmanskoy Impyerii.
July 1, 1994... M.T. Boddzholyan has written on Ryeformi 20-30-kh gg. XIX vyeka v Osmanskoy Impyerii, The Reforms of the 1820s and 1830s in the Ottoman Empire (Erevan: Academy of Sciences of Soviet Armenia Press, 1984; 156 pp.). This work discusses in...

Osmanskaya Impyeriya: systyema gosudarstvyennogo, upravlyeniya, sotsial'niye i etnoryeligiozniye problyemi.
July 1, 1994... We shall conclude with two collections of articles which seem to be two volumes of the same work, conceptually speaking, although neither actually refers us to the other. The first is entitled Osmanskaya Impyeriya: systyema gosudarstvyennogo,...

Osmanskaya impyeriya: gosudarstvyennaya vlast' i sotsial'no-politichyeskaya struktura.
July 1, 1994... The second collection uses approximately the same title and precisely the same graphic format. It is entitled Osmanskaya Impyeriya: gosudarst-vyennaya vlast' i sotsial'no-politichyeskaya struktura, The Ottoman Empire: State Power and...

Writer, Culture, Text: Studies in Modern Arabic Literature.
July 1, 1994... This book consists of papers presented at a symposium on 'Modern Arabic Literature - Trends and Changes', held at the harry S. Truman Research Institute for the Advancement of Peace of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in the late 1980s; all...

Saudi Arabia: Government, Society and the Gulf Crisis.
July 1, 1994... The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia presents a special challenge for the historian and student of politics. Increasingly significant in both the economy and international relations of the Middle East, it remains virtually inaccessible to independent or...

Water and Power: The Politics of a Scarce Resource in the Jordan River Basin.
July 1, 1994... 'The Handshake' between Israeli Prime Minister Rabin and PLO Chairman Yasser Arafat in Washington in September 1993 marked a watershed in Middle East history. Negotiations are moving ahead between the Israelis and the Palestinians, as well as...

Weapons of Mass Destruction in the Middle East.
July 1, 1994... The proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (nuclear, biological and chemical weapons) and ballistic missiles, has become one of the most pressing foreign policy issues facing the United states in the post-cold war era. The dangers of...

The Ethiopian Revolution: 1974-1987, A Transformation from an Aristocratic to a Totalitarian Autocracy.
July 1, 1994... The Ethiopian Revolution, which erupted in 1974 and, some may say, is still continuing twenty years later, was on any showing a major event in the country's long history. The end of imperial rule attracted the attention of a number of European...