Middle Eastern Studies articles from January 1995

Middle Eastern Studies archives from January 1995

Exporting Iran's revolution: the radicalization of the Shiite movement in Afghanistan.
January 1, 1995... Iran dominated international attention in the 1980s with its Islamic revolution that toppled Muhammad Reza Shah's regime, and then with its eight-year war of attrition with Iraq in 1980-88, which claimed the lives of an estimated half a million...

Nationalism and the rise of Muslim sentiment in Turkey.
January 1, 1995... The revival of Islamic sentiment clearly constitutes the most significant development to take place within the Middle Eastern region over the past three decades. No country remains unaffected. In Turkey the success of the Refah (Prosperity) Party...

Alawi separatists and unionists: the events of 25 February 1936.
January 1, 1995... As a result of wartime agreements between Britain and France, and following a decision by the League of Nations, France was granted a mandate over the Levant in July 1922. According to this mandate, which came into effect in September 1923,...

Britain and the Jordan crisis of 1958.
January 1, 1995... The late Uriel Dann wrote that the Jordan crisis of July 1958 was `the one emergency in Hussein's perilous career in whose timing he had no part. and as far as we know, it was the one that brought him to the brink of giving up'.(1) In other...

The United States, the Soviet Union and decolonization of the Maghreb, 1945-62.
January 1, 1995... Decolonization of French North Africa Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia), also known as the Central Maghreb, posed the greatest dilemma for the United States and the Soviet Union. The process of decolonization which took place at the height of the cold...

Turkish economic liberalization and European integration.
January 1, 1995... In many ways, the political and economic history of modern Turkey has been an attempt to catch up with, or adapt to, the developments in the rest of Europe. These attempts have gained an especial momentum since 1980. Substantial changes have...

The Hijaz, Abdulhamid II and Amir Hussein's secret dealings with the British, 1877-80.
January 1, 1995... The vilayet of the Hijaz enjoyed a unique religious significance. as the birthplace of Islam, the site of the two Holy Cities of Mecca and Medina, and the object of the annual hajj pilgrimage by Muslims from around the world. Its possession was...

India's recognition of Israel, September 1950.
January 1, 1995... India's decision to establish diplomatic relations with the Jewish State in January 1992 corrected an anomalous situation that lasted for well over four decades. The unusual delay could be attributed to various factors and calculations. In a...

The siege of the walled city of Jerusalem, 14 May-15 December 1948.
January 1, 1995... This article deals with the diary kept by Constantine X. Mavridis of the Greek Consulate General, Jerusalem, of the siege of the old walled City of Jerusalem, 14 May-15 December 1948. It was published in a series of five consecutive Memos in Nea...

The Red Sea Campaign, 1800-1. (The Geopolitics of the First British Expedition to Egypt, part 3)
January 1, 1995... The argument about war aims and strategy in the war of the Second Coalition between supporters of imperial expansion and supporters of a Continental commitment, which caused the cabinet crisis of September 1800 and led to the collapse of William...

Works in Russian on Ottoman foreign relations.
January 1, 1995... Many works in Russian on the Ottoman Empire contain references to its foreign relations.' Others deal with this subject more specifically, as we shall attempt to demonstrate in this review article. What seems strange, however, is that some books...

Contemporary Egypt: Through Egyptian Eyes, Essays in Honour of Professor P.J. Vatikiotis.
January 1, 1995... For some decades Professor P.J. Vatikiotis has been a leading authority on the history of modern Egypt, with an expertise spanning the eighteenth century to our own day. His work The Modem History of Egypt, never out of print since its...

The History of the British Petroleum Company, vol. 2, The Anglo-Iranian Years: 1928-1954.
January 1, 1995... The volume under review is the second in what is intended to be a three-volume history of the British Petroleum Company. The first volume, written by Ronald Ferrier, described the origins and development of BP in the first three decades of the...

The Long Peace: Ottoman Lebanon, 1881-1920.
January 1, 1995... A large number of Lebanese intellectuals and politicians, faced with the war in their country and the failure of the authoritarian regimes in neighbouring countries, are nostalgic for the last period of the Ottoman regime. They set it up as a...

Bahrain Through the Ages: The History.
January 1, 1995... A product of the 1983 state conference marking the 200 anniversary of the arrival of the al-Khalifa family in Bahrain, this edited book contains a wide range of papers delivered at Manama, covering various aspects of the history of the island....

Moguls and Mandarins: Oil, Imperialism and the Middle East in British Foreign Policy, 1900-1940.
January 1, 1995... Marian Kent, who teaches in Australia, is well known for her writing on British policy in the Middle East, in particular her study of the prolonged Mesopotamian oil concession negotiations, Oil and Empire (1976). The present volume contains...