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The Middle East Journal articles from September 2008

1,709 total articles

A quarterly journal of research and analysis on events and issues affecting the Middle East. Topics include political and economic development, ethnic diversity, religious issues, and cultural heritage.

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The Middle East Journal archives from September 2008

Editor's note.
September 22, 2008... This issue appears on the brink of a US Presidential election, an election in which many of the key issues affect the Middle East: the future US role in Iraq and Afghanistan, policies towards Iran and Pakistan, issues of nuclear proliferation,...

Showdown at Doha: the secret oil deal that helped sink the shah of Iran.
September 22, 2008... What led to the calamitous drop in Iran's oil revenues in January 1977? Politics, religion, culture, and economics have been identified as factors contributing to the collapse of Iran's monarchy in 1979. But until now scholars have been unable...

Imperial myopia: some lessons from two invasions of Iraq.(British Mesopotamia Campaign and the 2003 United States invasion of Iraq)
September 22, 2008... This article tries to chart some of the parallels between the British Mesopotamia Campaign in the First World War and the US invasion of Iraq in 2003. Both campaigns were justified by faulty or contrived intelligence; both were launched with...

"Only for women:" women, the state, and reform in Saudi Arabia.
September 22, 2008... The strict segregation of women in Saudi cities cannot be understood as a mere consequence of tradition or conservatism: it has been increasingly implemented as urbanization has progressed and as the modern state's authority has spread over the...

Back from the brink: Turkey's ambivalent approaches to the hard drugs issue.
September 22, 2008... This article focuses on the issue of narcotics and Turkey over a 30-year period. Its point of departure is the 1970s, when the opium production crisis in Turkey, and its associated corrosion of relations with the US, had been brought to an end....

The Israeli National Information Center and collective memory of the Israeli-Arab conflict.
September 22, 2008... From the 1960s to 2003 the Israeli Information Center, the main Israeli institution for disseminating information to the Israeli public, released publications which dealt with the Palestinian refugees of 1948 and the infiltrators of 1949-1956...

Chronology.(Chronology)
September 22, 2008... SOURCES AFP, Agence France-Presse Al-Ahram Al-Jazeera, Aljazeera.net AN, ArabicNews.com AA, Asharq Al-Awsat AP, Associated Press BBC CNN CS Monitor, The Christian Science Monitor DS, The Daily Star...

Uses and abuses of history.(history of the United States and Middle East relations)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... The Much Too Promised Land: America's Elusive Search for Arab-Israeli Peace, by Aaron David Miller. New York: Bantam, 2008. 407 pages. $26. Power, Faith and Fantasy: America in the Middle East 1776 to the Present, by Michael B. Oren. New...

1948: A History of the First Arab-Israeli War.(Book review)
September 22, 2008... 1948: A History of the First Arab-Israeli War, by Benny Morris. New Haven, CT and London, UK: Yale University Press, 2008. xiv + 420 pages. Abbrevs. Maps. Notes to p. 492. Bibl. to p. 505. Index to p. 524. $32.50. Described on the dust...

Living with Djinns: Understanding and Dealing with the Invisible in Cairo.(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Living with Djinns: Understanding and Dealing with the Invisible in Cairo, by Barbara Drieskens. London, UK: Saqi Books, 2008.235 pages. Gloss. to p.243. Bibl. to p. 255. Index to p. 260. $40. Every anthropologist makes critical decisions...

The Quest for Democracy in Iran: A Century of Struggle Against Authoritarian Rule.(The Road to Democracy in Iran)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... The Quest for Democracy in Iran: A Century of Struggle Against Authoritarian Rule, by Fakhreddin Azimi. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2008. ix + 450 pages. Abbrevs. to p. 454. Notes to p. 479. Index to p. 492. $35. The Road to...

Dictatorship, Imperialism and Chaos: Iraq since 1989.(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Dictatorship, Imperialism and Chaos: Iraq since 1989, by Thabit A.J. Abdullah. London, UK and New York: Zed Books, 2006. 131 pages. Index to p. 136. $23 For years, scholars and lecturers teaching the modern history of Iraq have had to use...

Israeli Counter-Insurgency and the Intifadas: Dilemmas of a Conventional Army.(Israel and Its Army: From Cohesion to Confusion)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Israeli Counter-Insurgency and the Intifadas: Dilemmas of a Conventional Army, by Sergio Catignani. London, UK and New York: Routledge, 2008. 246 pages. Notes to p. 195. Bibl. to p. 231. Index to p. 241. $140. Israel and Its Army: From...

The Political Economy of Saudi Arabia.(Book review)
September 22, 2008... The Political Economy of Saudi Arabia, by Tim Niblock (with Monica Malik). London, UK: Routledge, 2007. xvii + 254 pages. Tables. Index. Bibl. $160 cloth; $37.95 paper. Over the years, Tim Niblock has provided some of the most accurate...

The Bin Ladens: An Arabian Family in the American Century.(Book review)
September 22, 2008... The Bin Ladens: An Arabian Family in the American Century, by Steve Coll. New York: The Penguin Press, 2008. Bibl. Illust. 671 pages. $25. This is a book that is hard to put down after you have started reading it. The author brings all his...

The Siege of Mecca: The Forgotten Uprising in Islam's Holiest Shrine and the Birth of al-Qaeda.(Book review)
September 22, 2008... The Siege of Mecca: The Forgotten Uprising in Islam's Holiest Shrine and the Birth of al-Qaeda, by Yaroslav Trofimov. New York and London, UK: Doubleday, 2007. xii + 301 pages. Notes and Sources to p. 289. Index to p. 301. $26. In...

Secular and Islamic Polities in Turkey: The Making of the Justice and Development Party.(The New Turkish Republic: Turkey as a Pivotal State in the Muslim World)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Secular and Islamic Polities in Turkey: The Making of the Justice and Development Party, ed. by Omit Cizre. London, UK and New York: Routledge, 2008. vi + 227 pages. Index to p. 238. $130. The New Turkish Republic: Turkey as a Pivotal State...

The European Union and Turkish Accession: Human Rights and the Kurds.(Book review)
September 22, 2008... The European Union and Turkish Accession: Human Rights and the Kurds, by Kerim Yildiz and Mark Muller (foreword by Noam Chomsky). London, UK and Ann Arbor, MI: Pluto Press, 2008. xix + 199 pages. Notes to 230. Index to p. 239. $95 cloth; $35...

Modern Arab Art: Formation of Arab Aesthetics.(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Modern Arab Art: Formation of Arab Aesthetics, by Nada M. Shabout. Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida, 2007. xviii + 154 pages. Figures. Plates. Notes to page 172. Bibl. to p. 187. Index to p. 203. $34.95. Is it Arab or is it...

Islam and the Secular State: Negotiating the Future of Shari'a.(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Islam and the Secular State: Negotiating the Future of Shari'a, by Abdullahi Ahmed An-Na'im. Cambridge, MA and London, UK: Harvard University Press, 2008. x + 293 pages. Refs. to p. 309. Index to p. 324. $35. The Shari'a (Islamic law) was...

Women and Muslim Family Laws in Arab States: A Comparative Overview of Textual Development and Advocacy.(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Women and Muslim Family Laws in Arab States: A Comparative Overview of Textual Development and Advocacy, by Lynn Welchman. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press ISIM Papers, 2007. 155 pages. Sel. statutes to p. 190. Notes to p. 228. Gloss. to...

Professions et Societe au Proche-Orient: Declin des elites, crise des classes moyennes [Professions and Society in the Near East: The Decline of Elites, the Crisis of the Middle Classes].(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Professions et Societe au Proche-Orient: Declin des elites, crise des classes moyennes [Professions and Society in the Near East: The Decline of Elites, the Crisis of the Middle Classes], by Elisabeth Longuenesse. Rennes, France: Presses...

Martyrdom in Islam.(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Martyrdom in Islam, by David Cook. Cambridge, UK and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007. xiv + 206 pages. $24.99 paper. This very useful monograph, surprisingly the only one on the subject, offers a wide angle view of the topic from...

Western Imperialism in the Middle East: 1914-1958.(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Western Imperialism in the Middle East: 1914-1958, by David Fieldhouse. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2006. 400 pages. $150. David Fieldhouse, Emeritus Professor of Imperial and Naval History at Cambridge University, has written some...

Power and Succession in Arab Monarchies: A Reference Guide.(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Power and Succession in Arab Monarchies: A Reference Guide, by Joseph A. Kechichian. Boulder, CO and London, UK: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2007. xx + 422 pages. Appends. to p. 508. Bibl. to p. 531. Index to p. 553. $95. By many standards,...

American Priestess: The Extraordinary Story of Anna Spafford and the American Colony in Jerusalem.(Book review)
September 22, 2008... American Priestess: The Extraordinary Story of Anna Spafford and the American Colony in Jerusalem, by Jane Fletcher Geniesse. New York: Nan A. Talese, 2008. xvii + 313 pages. Acknowl. to p. 316. Notes to p. 348. Bibl. to p. 364. Index to p....

Cooperating Rivals: The Riparian Politics of the Jordan River Basin.(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Cooperating Rivals: The Riparian Politics of the Jordan River Basin, by Jeffrey K. Sosland. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 2007. xii + 212 pages. Notes to p. 275. Selected Bibl. to p. 284. Index to p. 293. $80 cloth; $25.95...

The Taliban and the Crisis of Afghanistan.(AFGHANISTAN)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... The Taliban and the Crisis of Afghanistan, ed. by Robert C. Crews and Amin Tarzi. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2008. vi + 355 pages. Maps. Notes to p. 417. Contribs. to p. 420. Acknowl, to p. 422. Index to p. 430. $27.95. This book...

Divided Jerusalem: The Struggle for the Holy City.(ARAB-ISRAELI CONFLICT)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Divided Jerusalem: The Struggle for the Holy City (Third Edition), by Bernard Wasserstein. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2008. xix + 362 pages. Notes to p. 396. Sources to p. 406. Index to p. 422. $37. In the third, updated edition of...

Arab-Israeli Military Forces in an Era of Asymmetric Wars.(ARAB-ISRAELI CONFLICT)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Arab-Israeli Military Forces in an Era of Asymmetric Wars, by Anthony H. Cordesman. Stanford, CA: Stanford Security Studies, 2008. xiv + 384 pages. Figures. Maps. Notes to p. 413. $89.95. Israel is entangled in a war of attrition on two...

The Israel-Palestine Conflict: One Hundred Years of War.(ARAB-ISRAELI CONFLICT)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... The Israel-Palestine Conflict: One Hundred Years of War (revised edition), by James L. Gelvin. Cambridge, UK and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007. x + 255 pages. Illust. Maps. Gloss. to p. 268. Timeline to p. 273. Bio. sketches to p....

Egypt Through Writers' Eyes.(EGYPT)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Egypt Through Writers' Eyes, ed. by Deborah Manley and Sahar Abdel-Hakim. Chester Springs, PA: Dufour Editions, Inc., 2008. xv + 207 pages. Chron. of extracts to p. 209. Author bios. to p. 221. Bibl. to p. 224. Index to p. 227. $36.95 paper....

Conflicted Antiquities: Egyptology, Egyptomania, Egyptian Modernity.(EGYPT)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Conflicted Antiquities: Egyptology, Egyptomania, Egyptian Modernity, by Elliot Colla. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2008. x + 277 pages. Figures. Notes to p. 309. Bibl. to p. 328. Index to p. 345. $22.95 paper. This book chronicles the...

Iran and Its Place Among Nations.(IRAN)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Iran and Its Place Among Nations, by Alidad Mafinezam and Aria Mehrabi. Westport, CT and London, UK: Praeger, 2008. xv + 128 pages. Notes to p. 134. Bibl. to p. 137. Index to p. 141. $44.95. At the outset of their book documenting Iran's...

Media, Culture and Society in Iran: Living with Globalization and the Islamic State.(IRAN)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Media, Culture and Society in Iran: Living with Globalization and the Islamic State, ed. by Mehdi Semati. London, UK and New York: Routledge, 2007. xiv + 269 pages. Index to p. 277. $125. Mehdi Semati has compiled contributions from established...

Recite in the Name of the Red Rose: Poetic Sacred Making in Twentieth-Century Iran.(IRAN)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Recite in the Name of the Red Rose: Poetic Sacred Making in Twentieth-Century Iran, by Fatemeh Keshavarz. Columbia, SC: The University of South Carolina Press, 2006, 167 pages. Notes to p. 187. Index to p. 193. $39.95. Fatemeh Keshavarz...

The Politics of Intelligence and American Wars with Iraq.(IRAQ)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... The Politics of Intelligence and American Wars with Iraq, by Ofira Seliktar. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008. x + 170 pages. Bibl. to p. 205. Index to p. 214. $74.95. Ofira Seliktar analyzes the two dominant hypotheses that have informed US...

World Tribunal on Iraq: Making the Case Against War.(IRAQ)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... World Tribunal on Iraq: Making the Case Against War, ed. by Muge Gursoy Sokmen. Introductions by Arundhati Roy and Richard Falk. Northampton, MA: Olive Branch Press, 2008. xi + 501 pages. Appends to p. 514. Notes to p. 547. Bios. to p. 562....

The History of Kuwait.(KUWAIT)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... The History of Kuwait, by Michael S. Casey. Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2007. xv + 141 pages. Notables to p. 145. Gloss. to p. 149. Bibl. essay to p. 154. Index to p. 160. $45. The 42nd installment in The Greenwood Histories of...

Dubai: The Vulnerability of Success.(United Arab Emirates)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Dubai: The Vulnerability of Success, by Christopher M. Davidson. New York: Columbia University Press, 2008. viii + 297 pages. Maps. Notes to p. 251. Bibl. to p. 364. Index to p. 376. Davidson traces the course of Dubai's economic development...

Palestinian Walks: Notes on a Vanishing Landscape.(AUTOBIOGRAPHY AND MEMOIRS)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Palestinian Walks: Notes on a Vanishing Landscape, by Raja Shehadeh. New York and London, UK: Scribner, 2007. xxii + 198 pages. Acknowl. to p. 200. About the author to p. 201. $15. Shehadeh invites readers to walk with him through the once...

Kings and Camels: An American in Saudi Arabia.(AUTOBIOGRAPHY AND MEMOIRS)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Kings and Camels: An American in Saudi Arabia, by Grant C. Butler. Reading, UK: Garnet Publishing, 2008. xii + 121 pages. Bibl. to p. 124. BP 12.95. In this republishing of the 1960 narrative, Grant Butler aims to improve relations between...

My Life as a Traitor.(AUTOBIOGRAPHY AND MEMOIRS)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... My Life as a Traitor, by Zarah Gharamani with Robert Hillman. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2008. 242 pages. $23. Zarah Gharamani was born in Tehran in 1981, a "pampered middle-class princess," in a country established as an Islamic...

Fortune Told in Blood.(AUTOBIOGRAPHY AND MEMOIRS)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Fortune Told in Blood, by David Ghaffarzadegan. Trans. by M.R. Ghanoonparvar. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, 2008. xv + 71 pages. $19 paper. Fortune Told in Blood is an intimate look at war on a personal level. This is the first such...

A Deadly Misunderstanding: A Congressman's Quest to Bridge the Muslim-Christian Divide.(AUTOBIOGRAPHY AND MEMOIRS)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... A Deadly Misunderstanding: A Congressman's Quest to Bridge the Muslim-Christian Divide, by Mark D. Siljander. New York: HarperOne, 2008. x + 221 + Appends. to p. 234. Acknowl. to p. 237. Notes to p. 243. $24.95. Mark Siljander first stepped...

My Kashmir: Conflict and the Prospects of Enduring Peace.(CONFLICT RESOLUTION)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... My Kashmir: Conflict and the Prospects of Enduring Peace, By Wajahat Habibullah. Washington, DC: United States Institute of Peace Press, 2008. xiv + 171 pages. Timeline to p. 186. Index to p. 201. $14.95 paper. Wajahat Habibullah provides an...

Arab Soccer in a Jewish State: The Integrative Enclave.(CONFLICT RESOLUTION)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Arab Soccer in a Jewish State: The Integrative Enclave, by Tamir Sorek. Cambridge, UK and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007. xiii + 191 pages. Appends. to p. 207. Bibl. to p. 225. $85. This ethno-political study treats both the...

The Road Not Traveled: Education Reform in the Middle East and North Africa.(EDUCATION AND MEDIA)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... The Road Not Traveled: Education Reform in the Middle East and North Africa, by The World Bank. Washington, DC: The World Bank, 2008. xxii + 299 pages. Tables. CD. Stat. appendix to p. 343. $38 paper. This World Bank report documents recent...

Santa Claus in Baghdad and Other Stories about Teens in the Arab World.(LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE)(Young adult review)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Santa Claus in Baghdad and Other Stories about Teens in the Arab World, by Elsa Marston. Bloomington and Indianapolis, IN: Indiana University Press, 2008. xii + 198 pages. About the author to p. 199. $15.95 paper. This collection of eight...

Self-Defense in Islamic and International Law: Assessing Al-Qaeda and the Invasion of Iraq.(LAW)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Self-Defense in Islamic and International Law: Assessing Al-Qaeda and the Invasion of Iraq, by Niaz A. Shah. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008. x + 178 pages. Notes to p. 181. Bibl. to p. 190. Index to p. 192. $74.95. Niaz A. Shah offers both...

Hybrid Sovereignty in the Arab Middle East: The Cases of Kuwait, Jordan, and Iraq.(MODERN HISTORY AND POLITICS)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Hybrid Sovereignty in the Arab Middle East: The Cases of Kuwait, Jordan, and Iraq, by Gokhan Bacik. New York City, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008. xi + 219 pages. Notes to p. 240. Bibl. to p. 265. Index to p. 272. $79.95. This book proposes...

Islamic Radicalism and Political Violence: The Templars of Islam and Sheikh Ra'id Salah.(MODERN HISTORY AND POLITICS)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Islamic Radicalism and Political Violence: The Templars of Islam and Sheikh Ra'id Salah, by Raphael Israeli. London, UK and Portland, OR: Vallentine-Mitchell, 2007. xxii + 158 pages. Bibl. to p. 162. Notes to p. 168. Index to p. 175. $30 paper....

Global Rebellion: Religious Challenges to the Secular State, from Christian Militias to Al Qaeda.(MODERN HISTORY AND POLITICS)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Global Rebellion: Religious Challenges to the Secular State, from Christian Militias to Al Qaeda, by Mark Juergensmeyer. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2008. xii + 263, Notes to p. 313. Interviews to p. 320. Bibl. to p. 355....

Energy Victory: Winning the War on Terror by Breaking Free of Oil.(MODERN HISTORY AND POLITICS)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Energy Victory: Winning the War on Terror by Breaking Free of Oil, by Robert Zubrin. New York: Prometheus Books, 2007. 261 pages. Gloss. to p. 270. Notes to p. 301. Sel. bibl. to p. 213. Index to p. 236. $25.95. Robert Zubrin draws on his...

Tormented by History: Nationalism in Greece and Turkey.(MODERN HISTORY AND POLITICS)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Tormented by History: Nationalism in Greece and Turkey, by Umut Ozkirimli and Spros A. Sofos. New York: Columbia University Press, New York, 2008. viii + 194 pages. Maps. Bibl. to p. 214. Index to p. 220. $45. In the first comparative study of...

The Oil Hunters: Exploration and Espionage in the Middle East.(MODERN HISTORY AND POLITICS)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... The Oil Hunters: Exploration and Espionage in the Middle East, by Roger Howard. London, UK and New York: Hambledon Continuum, 2008. xiv + 194 pages. Notes to p. 202. Index. $29.95. Roger Howard documents the history of the Western fascination...

Notable Muslims: Muslim Builders of World Civilization and Culture.(MODERN HISTORY AND POLITICS)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Notable Muslims: Muslim Builders of World Civilization and Culture, by Natana DeLong-Bas. Oxford, UK: Oneworld, 2008. x + 370 pages. Appends, to p. 380. Sel. bibl. to p. 390. $29.95 paper. Written as a response to the increasingly negative...

US-Middle East Encounters: A Critical Survey.(MODERN HISTORY AND POLITICS)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... US-Middle East Encounters: A Critical Survey, ed. by Abbas Amanat and Magnus T. Bernhardsson. Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida, 2007. vii + 223 pages. Contribs. to p. 226. Index to p. 242. $59.95. This book documents the saga of...

Why Are the Arabs Not Free?--The Politics of Writing.(MODERN HISTORY AND POLITICS)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Why Are the Arabs Not Free?--The Politics of Writing, by Moustapha Safouan. Malden, MA: Wiley, 2008. xvii + 97 pages. Further reading to p. 101. Index to p. 106. $25 paper. Safouan examines the phenomena of Arab countries' tendency to cherish...

Understanding Fundamentalism: Christian, Islamic, and Jewish Movements.(PHILOSOPHY, RELIGION, AND SCIENCE)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Understanding Fundamentalism: Christian, Islamic, and Jewish Movements (Second Edition), by Richard T. Antoun. Lanham, MD and New York: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 2008. xiv + 171 pages. Gloss. to 178. Suggestions for further reading...

Islam: The Key Concepts.(PHILOSOPHY, RELIGION, AND SCIENCE)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Islam: The Key Concepts, by Kecia Ali and Oliver Leaman. New York: Routledge, 2008. xv + 153 pages. Bibl. to p. 173. Index to p. 182. $26.95 paper. Here is an alphabetized guide to 123 fundamental themes, practices, and tenets related to the...

Spies, Scandals, and Sultans: Istanbul and the Twilight of the Ottoman Empire.(PRE-20TH CENTURY HISTORY)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... Spies, Scandals, and Sultans: Istanbul and the Twilight of the Ottoman Empire, by Ibrahim al-Muwaylihi. Trans. and Intro. by Roger Allen. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 2007. ix + 175 pages. Gloss. to p. 178. Index to p....

The Culture of Letter Writing in Pre-Modern Islamic Society.(PRE-20TH CENTURY HISTORY)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... The Culture of Letter Writing in Pre-Modern Islamic Society, by Adrian Gully. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2008. xi + 196 pages. Bibl. to p. 207. Index to p. 212. $95. This book tracks the evolution of letter writing in the pre-modern...

(Re)constructing Armenia in Lebanon and Syria: Ethno-Cultural Diversity and the State in the Aftermath of a Refugee Crisis.(SOCIAL CONDITIONS)(Brief article)(Book review)
September 22, 2008... (Re)constructing Armenia in Lebanon and Syria: Ethno-Cultural Diversity and the State in the Aftermath of a Refugee Crisis, by Nicola Migliorino. New York: Berghahn Books, 2008. xiii + 256 pages. Notes to p. 220. Bibl. to p. 237. Index to p....

Communications.(Letter to the editor)
September 22, 2008... The JOURNAL welcomes comments from its readers. All communications should be addressed to the Editor and bear the full name and address of the writer. A selection of those received will be published periodically in these columns. When a comment...

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