Public Works articles from January 2002

Public Works archives from January 2002

Assessing groundwater's role in a world conscious of its need for water. (Editorial Viewpoint).(Brief Article)(Editorial)
January 1, 2002... When much of the U.S. is facing drought conditions, and the security of reservoirs and pipelines is a matter of some concern, water is on the minds of many. The National Ground Water Association (Westerville, Ohio, www.ngwa.org) commissioned a...

Does privatization threaten security? (Editorial Viewpoint).(Brief Article)(Editorial)
January 1, 2002... Post-9/11, discussion of the possible security risks of privatizing critical services has spread. Pre-9/11, the major concerns about privatization were cost-effectiveness of service delivery, reliability, and consistency of response to demand....

A new year, but with a difference. (Editorial Viewpoint).(Brief Article)(Editorial)
January 1, 2002... The start of a new year always seems like an appropriate time for optimism and renewed energy. This year, perhaps, we may find optimism a little harder to come by than usual. The examples of individuals committed to efforts that improve our...

Bush administration and congress. (Washington Report).(financial resources for homeland security in metropolitan areas)(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... At its annual meeting in Atlanta in early December, the NLC urged the Bush Administration and Congress to give metropolitan areas the financial resources they need to improve homeland security. Detroit Mayor Dennis Archer, NLC president, said,...

National association of counties (NACo). (Washington Report).(water supply security legislation)(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... Meanwhile, the National Association of Counties (NACo) has praised the House Science Committee for approving a bill that would help counties protect water supplies from terrorist threats. Sherwood Boehlert (R-N.Y), chairman of the committee,...

Occupational safety and health administration. (Washington Report).(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... The Occupational Safety and Health Administration has issued a model to help public and private employers deal with possible workplace exposures to anthrax in mail handling operations. The Anthrax Matrix guides employers in assessing risk to...

House transportation and infrastructure committee. (Washington Report).(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... Key members of the House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee have introduced a bill that would increase security for over-the-road bus transportation and could have ramifications for city bus services. Sponsors were Rep. Don Young...

2002 Transportation appropriations bill. (Washington Report).(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... The Senate has passed and sent to the White House the fiscal 2002 Transportation Appropriations Bill, which includes $1 billion in highway program projects. Legislators shifted revenue-aligned budget authority (RABA) from the states for $423...

The federal highway administration (FHWA). (Washington Reports).(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) has released a study that shows how state and local agencies can cooperate to improve road networks. The report, "Organizing for Regional Transportation Operations," is a tool for transportation...

Sierra club report. (Washington Report).(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... A Sierra Club report claims there is a clear connection between cities' investments in public transportation and their success at cutting smog from cars and trucks. The report said that although most of America's 50 largest cities failed at...

Plastics Pipe Institute (PPI). (Engineering Notes).(standards for polyethylene pipe testing)(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... Lab testing program for corrugated HDPE is established. The Corrugated Polyethylene Pipe Association (CPPA) division of the Plastics Pipe Institute (PPI) has established a certification program and commissioned a third-party company to certify...

Timber bridge national awards. (Engineering Notes).
January 1, 2002... Timber bridge national awards will recognize creative design. A national awards competition for timber bridges is being renewed to stimulate innovative and efficient use of modern timber bridges. The competition will recognize significant...

Engineer's report. (Engineering Notes).(recommendations for highway improvement)(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... Engineer's report recommends roundabout, sidewalk, and recreation path. An engineer's report has identified improvements to resolve traffic and safety issues associated with Vermont Route 127 in Colchester. The urban arterial highway...

A park grows in Brooklyn. (Engineering Notes).(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... A park grows in Brooklyn. A new $550-million harborfront park is under construction at the base of the Brooklyn Bridge. The 66-acre, 1.3-mile stretch of waterfront property, which until now consisted mostly of parking lots and underutilized...

The New York State thruway authority. (Engineering Notes).(contract for environmental impact analysis)(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... Consultant to conduct transportation analysis of major New York State corridor. The New York State Thruway Authority and the Metropolitan Transportation Authority/Metro-North Railroad have selected Earth Tech (Long Beach, California) as a...

City completes water treatment plant. (Engineering Notes).(Stockton, Kansas)(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... City completes water treatment plant. Stockton, Kansas recently celebrated the opening of its new water treatment plant. The city's old plant was built in 1956 incorporating the technology of that day and primarily designed for iron removal. It...

World energy alternatives. (Engineering Notes).(use of vegetable oil-derived fule for buses)(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... City's diesel fleet now runs on vegetable based fuel. The city of Coconut Creek, Florida now runs all city diesel equipment on biodiesel 100, a diesel fuel replacement derived from vegetable oil. Over 80 pieces of public equipment, including...

Hobas Pipe USA, Inc. (Engineering Notes).(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... Challenges faced in replacing trunk sewer line. Manhattan Beach, California used centrifugally cast, fiberglass reinforced, polymer mortar (CCFRPM) pipe to replace its J.O. "D" Unit 9 Trunk Sewer. This city of about 34,000 residents, located 19...

GE&I services. (Engineering Notes).(construction engineering and inspection services contract)(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... Consultant providing GE&I services for Florida road reconstruction projects. The Florida DOT has chosen Parsons Brinckerhoff to provide construction engineering and inspection services for the $34-million District Five Group 70 projects. ...

Virginia department of transportation (VDOT). (Engineering Notes).(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... Fiber reinforced polymer bridge opened. This past fall the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) officially opened its new fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) bridge in Sugar Grove, Virginia. The FRP superstructure used eight 36-in. high by...

Severn trent services. (Engineering Notes).(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... Contract awarded to run waste treatment plants. Severn Trent Services (Fort Washington, Pennsylvania) has received a five-year contract to run the town of East Hampton, New York's waste treatment plant, with a renewal option for an additional...

New Jersey sewerage authority. (Engineering Notes).(Lambertville, New Jersey)(Schoor DePalma Inc.)(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... Sewage authority to update system, stabilize rates. The Lambertville, New Jersey Sewerage Authority has retained Schoor DePalma (Manalapan, New Jersey) to provide design services for the conversion of an existing anaerobic digester to a sludge...

Total closure works during: Asphalt reconstruction of the Atlanta Beltway. (Cover Article).(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... The choice faced by the Georgia DOT last year was a tough one. It was a choice that virtually every DOT in the U.S. will struggle with over the next decade as major Interstate highways near the end of their design lifetimes. Simply stated, the...

The calm after the storm: Caltrans focuses on stormwater management.
January 1, 2002... A politician once observed that ours was not only an affluent society, but also an effluent one. From a stormwater perspective, nothing could be truer. Traditionally thought of as sunny and dry, California's climate is often anything but....

NPDES phase II MS4 stormwater permit compliance: What to do now.(National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System)(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... In March 2000 South Carolina issued Greenville County a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Phase I MS4 stormwater permit. Greenville County appealed, stating that the level of effort outlined in the permit went far beyond...

Enhancing stormwater management with: Sediment removal boxes.(Statistical Data Included)
January 1, 2002... Sedimentation basins represent a commonly used stormwater management best management practice (BMP). Typically, sedimentation basins are constructed as ponds, either wet or dry. However, in developed residential and commercial areas, land costs...

Historic street saved by: Trenchless sewer rehab project.(German Village, Columbus, Ohio)(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... German Village in Columbus, Ohio, is a nationally recognized model of urban neighborhood preservation and revitalization. It was established as a historic district in the National Register of Historic Places in 1976. Once a solid 19th century...

Texas water project uses: Horizontal directional drilling.(Statistical Data Included)
January 1, 2002... With increasing frequency, municipal water system operators and consulting engineers who plan water projects are turning to trenchless construction to replace antiquated, inadequate, and failing water mains. And in many instances, horizontal...

Sewer rehab results in: Dramatic infiltration drop.(North Kansas City, Missouri)(Statistical Data Included)(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... Rain can be more than a nuisance to aging sewer systems. It can leak into water filtration systems and increase municipal operating costs. A recently released annual report by the municipality of North Kansas City, Missouri, demonstrates how...

Albuquerque makes dual: Use of its sewer system.(CityNet Telecommunications runs fiber optic cable through sewer system, New Mexico)(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... Albuquerque has a history of maximizing its urban infrastructure by making secondary uses of single use systems Flood control ponds in the city are used as baseball fields and golf courses. Flood control channels serve as corridors to...

EPA reprimand prompts: Major pipe bursting project.(Environmental Protection Agency inspections, sewer renovation and construction, Dalton, Georgia)(Statistical Data Included)
January 1, 2002... Thirty miles south of Chattanooga, Tennessee is the hardworking, prosperous city of Dalton, Georgia. Nestled next to I-75, Dalton has a well-earned and unique reputation as the "carpet capital of America." With 150 carpet manufacturing plants,...

Yuma county public works Automates its: Asset management system.(Yuma County Department of Public Works, Arizona)(Statistical Data Included)
January 1, 2002... The Yuma County Department of Public Works (DPW) maintains 1,500 miles of gravel and dirt roads, 500 miles of paved highways, 12,000 signs, and 3,000 bridges and canal crossings in this large rural county located in southwestern Arizona. Yearly...

Alaska DOT meets: Geographic and weather challenges.(Department of Transporation)
January 1, 2002... In Alaska, where proximity to the polar regions makes each year an extreme cycle of dark wintry days and sunny summer nights, they have a joke about the seasons. It goes like this: "You know about our four seasons in Alaska, right? Winter,...

Mon-Fayette expressway: The value of a proactive approach.(Statistical Data Included)
January 1, 2002... The $120-million, eight-mile section of the Mon-Fayette Expressway from the West Virginia/Pennsylvania border north to Fairchance, Pennsylvania, is a limited access toll road involving three major construction contracts, wetlands replacement,...

Surveying technology: Aids WTC rescue efforts.(World Trade Center)(Statistical Data Included)
January 1, 2002... When the World Trade Center's Twin Towers were built nearly 30 years ago, they were heralded as the first buildings of the 21st century. Instead, they became one of its first casualties. On September 11, less than half an hour after the first...

New orleans raises: Graffiti shield.(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... New Orleans used to absorb the cost of repainting or replacing vandalized street signs and sanitation trash receptacles. The city now has a more cost-effective solution. Graffiti shields are being used to provide a safe and easy way to remove...

Buyers' guide to street sanitation.(Illustration)
January 1, 2002... Buyers' Guide to Street Sanitation Company Road Sweeper Sweeper Sweepers Brooms Brooms Replacement Magnetic Parts ...

PW update: Information technology.(maintaining a secure computer network)(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... Privacy and security issues are in the spotlight. After September 11, considerations of the security of data stored on computers and communicated over the Internet have risen to prominence. Protecting the privacy and security of public agency...

Rugged skid-steers. (Public Works Equipment & Services).(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... LS skid-steers have the reach, muscle, and speed to make quick work of the toughest jobs, says the company. Super Boom(TM) vertical lift linkage provides a vertical lift path that keeps the load in view at all times, and there are no rear...

Rubber-Tracked loaders. (Public Works Equipment & Services).(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... The 59-hp 267 and 74-hp 277 Multi Terrain Loaders combine the upper portion of the Caterpillar 236 and 246 skid-steer loaders with an updated Maximum Traction and Support System(R) undercarriage from ASV Inc., an affiliate of Caterpillar, that...

Skid-Steer loads high. (Public Works Equipment & Services).(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... The new 175 skid-steer boasts a hinge pin height of over 11 ft, and lifting capacity of 1,750 lb. Powered by a 59.5-hp Kubota turbo-charged diesel engine, the 175 moves fast on the job site with travel speeds to 7.7 mph. Its dual front bucket...

Modular power box rake. (Public Works Equipment & Services).(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... The design of the Harley Modular M-6 Power Box Rake(R) for skid-steers, tractors, and front deck mowers lets you choose or upgrade from straight mount or manual angle mount to fully hydraulic angle capability. All models now have heavier main...

Three-Point hitch for skid-steers. (Public Works Equipment & Services).(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... The Worksite Pro(TM) Category One hitch enables skid-steers to use such tractor implements as box scrapers, scarifiers, blades, and landscape rakes. It hooks up easily, no tools are required. To better follow ground contour, alternate top...

Stump cutter attachment. (Public Works Equipment & Services).(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... The skid-steer loader mounted SC-50-H StumpBuster is specifically designed for maintenance departments, contractors, and landscapers looking for a simple, efficient, highly-maneuverable solution to tree stump removal. The StumpBuster, powered...

All-Wheel steer loader. (Public Works Equipment & Services).(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... The new A220 all-wheel steer loader combines the versatility of a small wheel loader with the tight quarters maneuverability of a skid-steer loader. The A220 offers two different steering modes--"all-wheel steer" and "skid-steer"--with the...

Dedicated or Bi-Fuel CNG pickups. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... The Chevy Silverado and GMC Sierra full-size alternative fuel pickups can move both cargo and crew over rough terrain, in adverse road conditions, or up severe inclines. They can be ordered either with bi-fuel capability or as a dedicated...

New luminaire. (Public Works Equipment & Services).(Brief Article)
January 1, 2002... The Model 4325 luminaire features an injection molded acrylic performance enhanced prismatic globe, decorative aluminum band, cast aluminum ribs, and fluted fitter with ornamental "sunflower" stylized elements. Lamp wattages available from 35...

Screed simplifies paving. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... The WRS-5200 SuperScreed self-propelled roller screed features a sectional truss frame and several strike tube lengths that enable it to strike off panels ranging in size from 12 to 50 ft. It is flexible enough to perform on highway off-ramps...

New cleaning tool. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... The GumBuster cleaning tool "removes even the most impossible coatings." The two-phase removal system is environmentally safe, uses no chemicals, and simply attaches to any hot- or cold-water pressure washer. Phase I pre-softens the target...

Walk-behind air saws. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... Portable Sawtec[TM] FS-150 and FS-60 walk-behind air saws for cutting concrete or asphalt are described as ideal for patch work applications, typical road repair work, and for indoor use when cutting trench drains. The heavy-duty units cut dry,...

Submersible pumps. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... N-Pump Series submersible pumps' hydraulic design is said to ensure efficient, reliable, trouble-free pumping over long operating periods. While operating, each leading edge of the N-pump impeller passes across a sharp stationary relief-groove...

Improved pipe bursting. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... The new Air Impactor "unites HDD technology with pipe bursting innovation to provide true on-line pipe replacement." Used in conjunction with Vermeer's D24x4OA and D33x44 Navigator[R] horizontal directional drills, the 12-in. Air Impactor...

Grade drilling system. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... The Ditch Witch[R] grade drilling system gives horizontal directional drilling equipment the direction and grade control capabilities to install pipe for gravity-flow sewer systems and other applications where grade control is required. The...

Absorbent sock. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... The PIG[R] Chat Sock[TM] Absorbent comes with a safety or clean message. Choose from three legends: "Safety is Everyone's Business," "Clean Up-Your Mom Doesn't Work Here," or "Caution-Keep Clear." Its high-visibility yellow color supports the...

Wastewater facility compressors. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... (Public Works Equipment & Services) Atlantic Fluidics[R] advanced design compressor packages are "reliable, cost-effective alternatives to conventional wastewater compressor technology, with the advantage that discharge air is...

Removable rumble strips. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... These self-adhesive, removable rumble strips alert motorists to traffic pattern changes and draw attention to caution signs during road construction projects. They install quickly and easily and can be opened to traffic immediately. When the...

Single gas monitor. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... The Screamer (100 dB) gas monitor alerts the user to unsafe conditions. It is available for ammonia, carbon monoxide, chlorine, hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen sulfide, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, oxygen, phosphine, and sulfur dioxide. Its...

Central hydraulic system. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... The VT-35 valve/tank assembly features a single rubber latched cover that encloses all components: even the valves' fittings and hose ends. The cover employs a gasketless passive seal design that eliminates salt spray while venting damaging...

Safer railroad crossings. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... These prestressed concrete grade crossing systems come with preattached flangeway fillers to promote a smooth flow of vehicular traffic across railroad tracks while lowering installation costs. The flangeway fillers are made of Santoprene(r)...

New family of waste containers introduced. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... This new family of waste containers comes standard with a 38-gal liner and various tops to suit any need. All containers are Metal-Armor coated in one of seven standard colors to offer years of trouble-free service. Circle No. 820 on Reply...

PassiveSkimmer absorbs oil. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... The PassiveSkimmer is tethered to a catch basin's grate and allowed to float inside the catch basin. While floating, the oil-specific rubber particulates contact the oil and not only absorb it, but chemically bond the oil to them to allow the...

Hydraulic excavators. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... The 15,895-lb 307C and 18,479-lb 307C SB (swing boom) hydraulic excavators offer improved controllability and a new cab and interior layout for optimum operator efficiency and comfort. Longer service intervals and easier maintenance boost...

High intensity strobe light. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... The Meteorlite 16000 Series strobe light offers a choice of permanent or magnetic mounting. The strobe voltage ranges from 12 to 24 VDG with a maximum 4-amp draw at 12.8 volts. The SYl66000 is an extra high intensity, European standard, 15...

ArcView 8.1 with VBA. (Public Works Equipment & Services).(Brief Article)(Evaluation)
January 1, 2002... ArcView 8.1 with Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) allows users to perform many of their customization needs with little development effort. It is designed with an intuitive Windows user interface, and customization is done using the built-in...

Heavyweight reversible plate. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... The RP1350 reversible plate compactor is said to be ideal for compacting sand, gravel, mixed soils, and crushed stone where forward and reverse and on-the-spot compaction is a must. It can compact lifts of up to 31 in. in trenches, along...

XYZlink now in version 5 format. (Public Works Equipment & Services).(Brief Article)(Evaluation)
January 1, 2002... XYZlink, a GPS-based linkSERIES module, has been released in a Version Five format. XYZlink will allow users to link a Trimble Pathfinder-series GPS receiver to viewSERIES applications. For example, users can capture current location using...

Step n seat for pickups. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... The Step n Seat is the easiest, safest, and most practical way to get in or out of a pickup truck, says this company. The non-skid surface of Step n Seat reduces the danger of slipping, even in wet or snowy conditions. It attaches to either...

Slotted drain for roadways. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... The Z-888-12 Hi-Cap slotted drain is designed for high flow applications such as roads and airports, and may also be used as a rainwater runoff storage system. It features a 1-3/4-in. slotted inlet and 80-in, modular channels with integral...

Powerful new software for drawing production. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... MXDRAW is a powerful new drawing production tool for the rapid production of contract drawing using AutoCAD or Microstation. Using state-of-the-art object technology, contract drawings can be created from the project's inception. As the...

Self-Contained service unit. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... The popular Back-Pac self-contained service unit drops into the box of a full-size pickup truck and converts it into a service truck. The Back-Pac comes in two models: the gas powered SGD version and the hydraulic powered SHD version. The SGD...

Portable mini strobes. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... These Mini Series warning lights are "D" cell powered. The M-1 is a waterproof single flash strobe with a single 360[degrees] lens and powerful xenon lamp. It has a flash rate of 60 flashes per minute. The M-2 is very similar to the M-l,...

Dust free litter collection. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... The Model 61 vacuum litter collector's advanced 2-micron dust filtration system virtually eliminates dust during litter collection thanks to its two stage dust filtration system that prevents litter from passing through the fan. The Model 61...

Convert solid waste to fuel. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... This firm says its CES OxyNol[TM] process offers communities a long-term, economical and environmentally responsible waste disposal solution, by transforming municipal solid waste and sewage sludge into fuel grade ethanol using proven...

Rugged broom sweeper. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... The Road Wizard chassis-mounted sweeper "is the preferred sweeper for heavy-duty applications such as cleanup behind pavement chippers." One-button control system provides ease of operation. The independently driven brooms automatically float...

Welding earmuff. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... The QM23-BTH welding earmuff for economical "behind-the-head" protection has been specifically developed for welders by welders using the latest innovations in materials and design. With a noise reduction rating of 23, it protects workers...

Small span modular panel buildings. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... Small-Span modular panel metal buildings assemble "out of the box" up to 400 percent faster than conventional buildings, says the company. Structure, sheeting, and optional insulation are pre-installed in their unique modular panels, as are...

Economical rammers. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... R420 Series rammers are said to be ideal for cohesive and mixed soils with a compaction force up to 3,000 lb and a percussion rate up to 750 blows per minute. The R420 is powered by a 2.4-hp Robin 4-cycle engine that is protected by a standard...

Pavement joint seals. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... Wabo[R] CompressionSeal preformed neoprene pavement joint seals are specifically engineered to maintain uniform sidewall pressure within the joint opening, and provide a highly effective watertight joint and barrier against the intrusion of...

Innovative school zone signs. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... The Driver Feedback Speed Sign combines fluorescent yellow green static school crossing signs with a fully self-contained dynamic vehicle speed sign. It gives motorists passing through a school zone real-time feedback as to their vehicle's...

Mid-size rollers. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... The new SW300, SW320, and SW330 mid-sized, double drum vibratory asphalt rollers are designed for public works and smaller compaction jobs. They offer 4,000 vpm vibration speed, which allows the operator a choice of cranking up the ground speed...

Remote monitoring system is expandable. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... The Sensaphone[R] SCADA 3000 remote monitoring system includes 16 universal inputs and eight relay outputs, and can grow to fill the needs of the application, expanding up to 144 input/output points by simply adding expansion modules....

Submersible dewatering pump. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... The Ready 90 submersible dewatering pump for fast dewatering of construction sites, tunnels, trenches, deep excavations, cofferdams, etc., can be transported to any site with its weight of 198 lb and diameter of 143/16 in. The high-head model...

Distinctively styled luminaires. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... New Tucson [R] Series luminaires provide distinctive styling fora "dark sky" friendly environment. They are available in various ballast housing styles in black, bronze, green, or as specified. Optics available include asymmetric refractor,...

Sewer cleaning system. (Public Works Equipment & Services).
January 1, 2002... The new Jet Force sewer cleaning system comes in three distinct models: skid-mounted for use with any full-size pickup truck, trailer-mounted with a 410-gal fresh water tank, or incorporated into the VaXcavator [TM] as an economical alternative...