Review of Optometry articles from March 2004

Review of Optometry archives from March 2004

The incidence of cortical cataract was more than three times greater in blacks than in whites, according to new data from the Barbados Eye Study.(In the News)(Brief Article)
March 15, 2004... The incidence of cortical cataract was more than three times greater in blacks than in whites, according to new data from the Barbados Eye Study. Overall, blacks developed cataracts of all types nearly twice as frequently as whites.

Optometrist Ned Witkin, director of low vision at the Emory Eye Center and inventor of the JORDY vision aid, died.(In the News)(Brief Article)(Obituary)
March 15, 2004... Optometrist Ned Witkin, director of low vision at the Emory Eye Center and inventor of the JORDY vision aid, died January 29 of pancreatic cancer.

Lumigan (bimatoprost, Allergan) has been approved for first-line glaucoma therapy.(In the News)(Brief Article)
March 15, 2004... Lumigan (bimatoprost, Allergan) has been approved for first-line glaucoma therapy in Europe.

The FDA has approved the fluoroquinolone Iquix (levofloxacin 1.5%, Santen) for the treatment of bacterial corneal ulcer.(In the News)(Brief Article)
March 15, 2004... The FDA has approved the fluoroquinolone Iquix (levofloxacin 1.5%, Santen) for the treatment of bacterial corneal ulcer. Iquix had a cure rate of 73%-87% in two clinical trials, Santen says. The company plans to launch the drug later in 2004....

Wavefront-guided LASIK provides significantly improved contrast sensitivity compared with standard LASIK, according to a study from Israel.(In the News)(Brief Article)
March 15, 2004... Wavefront-guided LASIK provides significantly improved contrast sensitivity compared with standard LASIK, according to a study from Israel. At one month post-op, patients in the wavefront group had more than double the improvement in contrast...

VETS Act is 'bad policy,' say O.D.s; it could take away more than laser procedures, which the VA recently halted.(News Review)(optometrists)(Veterans Administration)
March 15, 2004... In February, the Veterans Administration put a moratorium on laser surgery by optometrists. At this point, VA optometrists are still allowed to perform minor surgical procedures. But the so-called Veterans Eye Treatment Safety (VETS) Act...

AMD risk linked to inflammatory marker.(age-related macular degeneration )(Brief Article)
March 15, 2004... A systemic inflammatory marker--C-reactive protein--has been found to be an independent risk factor for age-related macular degeneration (AMD). C-reactive protein (CRP) may indicate that inflammation plays a role in AMD pathogenesis, say...

Have retailers already forgotten the Fairness to Contact Lens Consumers Act?(News Review)
March 15, 2004... On February 4th, the new Fairness to Contact Lens Consumers Act went into effect. Some contact lens retailers apparently didn't get the memo. But the act is not a finished document. The text states that doctors have "eight business hours...

Study: uveitis three times more common.(News Review)(Brief Article)
March 15, 2004... Uveitis may affect an estimated 280,000 Americans each year. That's nearly three times as many people as previous estimates have shown, according to a retrospective study among Kaiser Permanente medical centers in six northern California...

Orthokeratology endangers children?(News Review)(Brief Article)
March 15, 2004... Children in China who wore contact lenses as part of an orthokeratology regimen developed corneal ulcers and vision loss, according to a case report study in the March issue of Ophthalmology. Researchers in Hong Kong report six cases of...

Correction.(News Review)(Correction Notice)
March 15, 2004... The February 2004 Review of Optometry editorial supplement, titled "Alcon Education Series: Dry Eyes: A New Look at an Old Problem," erroneously cited hydroxypropyl guar (HP-guar) as an active ingredient contained in Systane. In fact, the...

Optic nerve disease affects sleep patterns.(News Review)(Brief Article)
March 15, 2004... Optic nerve disease can affect your patient's sleep, according to a study published in the February issue of Opthalmology. Previous animal studies suggest that a subset of retinal ganglion cells linked to the brain's circadian pacemaker are...

Vermont may become 48th glaucoma state.(News Review)(Brief Article)
March 15, 2004... A proposed bill in Vermont would allow prescription of any topical medication for the treatment of eye disease. The bill, if passed, would make Vermont the 48th state with glaucoma privileges. Specifically, the bill would allow optometrists...

Taking sides: politics and comanagement: there may always be a line in the sand, but sometimes it's necessary--and good--to travel back and forth between sides.(Editor's Page)(Editorial)
March 15, 2004... It may be a taboo topic, one that strikes a nerve, but the season to contemplate politics is once again upon us--and not simply because this issue marks Review's 9th Annual Comanagement Report. Politics has permeated media coverage in recent...

Your patient has a screw loose; and other reasons why it's fun to dispense and repair glasses.(Chairside)
March 15, 2004... There are many tricky challenges when crafting, dispensing and repairing glasses. All these can be avoided by one simple method: Never provide any. But here's the thing: I do. Do you? Prescribing The baby boomers are here, my friends,...

Drop the pessimism and have some fun.(Letters & E-Mail)(Letter to the Editor)
March 15, 2004... I no longer hear many optimistic comments about optometry, specifically private-practice optometry. Whether I meet other optometrists on the golf course, at the local health club or across the country, the sentiment seems to be the same: a...

Is it time to hang up the white coat? How you dress can affect your success with patients. Will you--could you?--go casual?(Practice Management)
March 15, 2004... Tradition holds that doctors ought to wear white lab coats. The white coat not only looks neat and professional, but also conveys a sense of clinical authority. But the dress code is changing, at least for optometrists. Fewer than two out...

The effects of visible light and UVR upon the visual system.
March 15, 2004... THE PROCESS OF VISION Our visual system depends upon light to create images of the world around us. Ironically, the electromagnetic energy that enables our vision is also capable of depriving us of acuity, sight and even our health. A...

8 effective dispensary - building strategies; here's how your colleagues grew their opticals and how you can do it, too.(Practice Management)
March 15, 2004... Optometrist Elisa Perreault literally started out in the basement and worked her way up. Six-and-a-half years ago, Dr. Perreault purchased a practice in the lower level of a professional building, in downtown Albany, N.Y. The problem: "We...

Allergy challenge series III: comparing a new allergy medication to the standard.
March 15, 2004... The recent approval of epinastine gives practitioners an opportunity to compare this drug to olopatadine, the current standard. The widespread use of over-the-counter (OTC) anti-allergy medications by patients can be a challenge to...

Patient care tops O.D.s' comanagement priorities; fear of losing patients to other doctors and pressure from managed-care plans take a back seat when comanaging patients.(9th Annual Comanagement Report)
March 15, 2004... Fear of losing a patient to another doctor. Pressure from managed-care plans to cut corners. Lack of respect from third-party payers. [GRAPHIC OMITTED] None of these--according to our 2004 Comanagement Survey--is stopping O.D.s from...

SIFIMAV: the original idea of the SIFIMAV is to have a unique and simple tool (just a flat screen with its remote control) to meet all professional needs in the evaluation of visual performances. Determining visual acuity is an important task. Procedures should be precise, reliable and efficient.(Advertorial)(Advertisement)
March 15, 2004... SIFIMAV provides, in a single unit, all the tests to evaluate visual acuity, as well as tests that are not commonly available or need dedicated equipment (contrast sensitivity, chromatic sense, resolution acuity, phorias, binocular vision). It...

An O.D. in the O.R.: as a surgical assistant, I'm there for my patients intraoperatively as well as pre-op and post-op.(optometrists)(operating room)(Cover Story)
March 15, 2004... Imagine you're about to have surgery. Not only do you worry about your surgical outcome, but you become anxious when you enter the sterile surgical rooms. It's cold, and you're only wearing a gown. It smells of rubbing alcohol, disinfectant and...

Offering therapy for irregular corneas; here is how you can use gas permeable lenses to provide patients with better vision.(Contact Lenses)
March 15, 2004... Mention therapeutic lenses, and most of us immediately think of a soft lens. However, in certain cases gas permeable (GP) lenses can be used for therapeutic purposes, especially in cases of corneal irregularity. Here, we'll look at...

New frontiers in allergy research: new research holds promise for patients suffering from ocular allergy. The focus: dryness, blocking the response and countering inflammation.(Allergy)
March 15, 2004... Nearly 20% of the U.S. population (approximately 50 million Americans) suffer from some form of allergy, so it's not surprising that research continues to focus on treatment options for these individuals. Dry Eye Contributes To Allergic...

A review of lab tests for uveitis: these tests can help when you need to rule out systemic etiologies of ocular inflammation.(Optometric Study Center)
March 15, 2004... Because significant ocular and/or systemic morbidity may be associated with uveitis, proper diagnosis and treatment of concomitant ocular and systemic conditions are essential. Ocular complications of unmanaged chronic inflammation may lead to...

Hemochromatosis and angioid streaks: this little-known disease has sight- and life-threatening complications.(Case Report)
March 15, 2004... A 67-year-old white male presented for a comprehensive eye exam. He reported a history of bilateral posterior vitreous detachments. He also complained of environmental ocular allergies with pronounced bulbar and palpebral conjunctival edema and...

After the spin: new focus for AMO.(Advanced Medical Optics )
March 15, 2004... Eighteen months after it spun off from Allergan, Advanced Medical Optics (AMO) can proudly point to solid revenue growth, a balance sheet recapitalization and seven new product launches as evidence of its successful transformation into an...

Timely referral for keratoconus: are you sending patients for surgery before it's necessary or not soon enough?(Comanagement Q&A)
March 15, 2004... Q I see many patients with keratoconus in my practice. At what point should I refer them to a surgeon? A The decision depends mainly on the severity of the patient's condition. Some studies suggest that you can manage most keratoconus...

Put a lid on Demodex: how to diagnose these parasites and control the infestation.(Cornea & Contact Lens Q&A)
March 15, 2004... Q I suspect a 78-year-old aphakic lens wearer with itching and burning eyelids has Demodex. What is the life cycle and how do I diagnose it? A Demodex folliculorum is a four-legged, elongated and semi-transparent parasitic mite, which...

Cataract exam uncovers lesion: what is this finding in the patient's right macula, and is it cause for concern?(Retina Quiz)
March 15, 2004... A 75-year-old black female presented to ask about having cataract surgery in her right eye. She successfully underwent cataract surgery and IOL implant in her left eye six weeks earlier. Her medical history was significant for hypertension and...

Systemic diseases blurring diagnosis? Is glaucoma appearance due to tamoxifen, or to thyroid disease? Or maybe neither?(Glaucoma Grand Rounds)
March 15, 2004... A 63-year-old white female presented in the fall of 1998 for a routine primary eye care visit. She was taking Vaseretic (enalapril/hydrochlorothiazide, Merck), Synthroid (levothyroxine sodium, Abbott), and 20mg Nolvadex (tamoxifen, AstraZeneca)...

Update your skills in antibiotic use; here are some guidelines for comanaging cataract and refractive surgery patients.(Therapeutic Review)
March 15, 2004... Editor's note: This month we welcome Dr. Pewitt as our "Therapeutic Review" columnist. Dr. Pewitt practices with the Veterans Affairs Healthcare System in San Diego. As comanaging doctors for cataract and refractive surgery, optometrists...

Avoiding refractive surgery lawsuits: research suggests ways to protect your patients--and yourself.(Research Review)
March 15, 2004... On any given day, anywhere from 100,000 to 125,000 medical malpractice suits are outstanding. And, although only 417 malpractice payments were made by optometrists between September 1990 and July 2003, refractive surgery malpractice cases are...

40 tests in one.(Diagnostic Instruments)(Sify)(Brief Article)
March 15, 2004... A new visual acuity tester that boasts 40 different visual tests is available from Sifi, an Italian instrument company. The new Sifi MAV is a qualitative and quantitative tester of visual performance. It allows you to evaluate contrast...

Automated refraction.(Diagnostic Instruments)(Brief Article)
March 15, 2004... The FDA recently approved Topcon's BV-100 automated refraction system. The instrument combines an objective simultaneous binocular autorefractor, autokeratometer, automatic chart projector and patient-driven vision tester in one device....

Electronic refraction.(Diagnostic Instruments)(Marco Ophthalmic )(Brief Article)
March 15, 2004... Marco Ophthalmic has added the new Evolution electronic refractor to its line of Vision Diagnostic Systems. The Evolution allows you to pre-program your entire refraction process into the machine and control the exam with a handheld, wireless...

Two drops in one.(Diagnostic Aids)(Brief Article)
March 15, 2004... Flura * Safe, the latest offering from Accutome Inc., is a diagnostic drop that stains and anesthetizes your patients' eyes. The product uses benoxinate hydrochloride to anesthetize and fluorexon to stain. The company says these drops will not...

Vision Testers.(Diagnostic Aids)(Stereo Optical)(Brief Article)
March 15, 2004... Stereo Optical's new Optec Vision Testers feature a new homogeneous illumination system and state-of-the-art electronics. The new Optec line includes the Optec vision testers, Optec 5000 manual control, Optec 5500 remote control and the Optec...

Lantern/light.(Diagnostic Aids)(Brief Article)
March 15, 2004... The Farnsworth Lantern Flashlight from Gulden Ophthalmics has been introduced as a substitute for the original Farnsworth Lantern, which was discontinued years ago. The test uses nine interchangeable filters to recreate the chromaticity of the...

Plugs you can see.(Dry Eye)(Lacrimedics)(Brief Article)
March 15, 2004... The FDA has approved Lacrimedics' synthetic, dissolvable Herrick lacrimal plugs for use in patients with seasonal allergies and contact lens wearers. The company says these opaque plugs are useful for patients who require medium-term occlusion....

Solar protection.(Low Vision)(Dioptics Medical Products )(Brief Article)
March 15, 2004... The new Oval line of SolarShield absorptive filters enhances contrast and reduces glare for your low vision patients who prefer a smaller frame or oval lens shape in their low vision frames. Eschenbach and Dioptics Medical Products designed the...

Ready to roll.(Low Vision)(Brief Article)
March 15, 2004... Hilco's keyring reader attaches to your key-chain with a built-in keyring attachment. The keyring reader folds out to form a right- or left-handed pair of magnified polycarbonate lenses that your low-vision patients can carry with them on their...

Artisan collection.(Office Design)(Fashion Optical)(Brief Article)
March 15, 2004... Fashion Optical's new Artisan collection features the Shaker line of office furniture. The Shaker displays also display more frames than before. The upper portion of the case has room for up to 84 frames and a pullout drawer holds 30 more...

DryEyewear.(Vision, Expo Preview)(Brief Article)
March 15, 2004... Wearing PanOptx Eyewear instead of sunglasses for normal outdoor activities may help decrease symptoms in your low vision patients. The PanOptx line incorporated the protection of goggles into the style of sunwear. Originally developed by...

CK optical.(Vision, Expo Preview)(Brief Article)
March 15, 2004... Two new styles are part of Marchon's Calvin Klein optical collection for Spring 2004: * 5305, a combination of plastic and steel. This semi-rimless frame features rubber on plastic logos. Size 54/17-140 comes in color combinations such as...

Precious collection.(Vision, Expo Preview)(Brief Article)
March 15, 2004... Luxottica's Bvlgari line introduces the Precious collection of handmade frames featuring diamonds, lazulite, mother-of-pearl or malachite gemstones in the design. * BV 434G (plastic) and BV 247G (metal) are styled in the Bvlgari Quadrato...

Tommy Hilfiger.(Vision, Expo Preview)(Brief Article)
March 15, 2004... A new optical sun collection is available for men and women from Viva International's Tommy Hilfiger brand. The new collection features TH 7013, a full-rim monel metal frame, and TH 7014, a semi-rimless nylon metal. Both feature double-bar...

Chanel.(Vision, Expo Preview)(Brief Article)
March 15, 2004... Sun and optical styles are part of Marchon's Chanel 2004 collection. * Bling-Bling! This plastic frame features the Chanel brand name spelled out in crystal along the temples. The modified rectangle style is available in size 65/12-120 and...

Donna Karan.(Vision, Expo Preview)(Brief Article)
March 15, 2004... Marchon's new Donna Karan 9316S is part of the brand's spring 2004 collection. This frame is a wraparound style in a zyl/metal combination. Donna Karan 9316S also features sleek temples and soft plastic nosepads. Size 67/21-115 comes in such...

Meetings & conferences.(Calendar)
March 15, 2004... March * 26-28. International Vision Expo East, New York. CE hours: 350+. Contact Kelly Fagan, International Vision Expo, 383 Main Ave., Norwalk, CT 06851; call (203) 840-5542; fax (203) 840-9502; e-mail kfagan@reedexpo.com; go to...

The case of the cloudy cornea.(Diagnostic Quiz)(Brief Article)
March 15, 2004... History A 33-year-old black female presented for an evaluation of a red and painful right eye. Three days earlier, she had gone to the emergency room explaining that her eye hurt when she woke up. The attending physician diagnosed...

From the authors.(Handbook of Ocular Disease Management)
March 15, 2004... To Our Colleagues: We are very pleased to bring you the sixth edition of "The Handbook of Ocular Disease Management," our ongoing compendium on ocular disease diagnosis and management. The overwhelmingly positive support that we have...

Floppy eyelid syndrome.(Eyelids and Adnexa)
March 15, 2004... Signs and Symptoms Floppy eyelid syndrome (FES) is a relatively uncommon ocular condition characterized by flaccid, easily everted upper lids. It is usually seen in overweight, middle-aged males, although it may occasionally be encountered...

Herpes simplex blepharitis.(Eyelids and Adnexa)
March 15, 2004... Signs and Symptoms Herpes simplex virus (HSV) blepharitis is encountered primarily in children, although adults may also manifest this disorder. Presenting symptoms include variable pain and tenderness upon palpation, as well as increased...

Dacryocystitis.(Eyelids and Adnexa)
March 15, 2004... Signs and Symptoms The nasolacrimal apparatus drains the tears and tear constituents from the lacrimal lakes of the eyes into the nose. (1-8) Pain, redness and swelling over the inner aspect of the lower eyelid and epiphora may signify...

Dermatochalasis & blepharochalasis.(Eyelids and Adnexa)
March 15, 2004... Signs and Symptoms Dermatochalasis describes a common, physiologic condition seen clinically as sagging of the upper eyelids, and to some degree, the lower lids. It is typically bilateral and most often seen in patients over 50 years of...

Xanthelasma.(Eyelids and Adnexa)
March 15, 2004... Signs and Symptoms Xanthelasma are seen clinically as oval or elongated yellowish plaques just beneath the skin of the periorbital region. Most commonly, they are noted near the inner canthus of the upper eyelid, although they may be seen...

Limbal dermoid.(Conjunctiva & Sclera)
March 15, 2004... Signs and Symptoms Limbal dermoids, also known as epibulbar or conjunctival dermoids, are generally seen as well-circumscribed oval mass lesions of the ocular surface. They arise from the bulbar conjunctiva and virtually always protrude...

Conjunctival concretions (ocular lithiasis).(Conjunctiva & Sclera)
March 15, 2004... Signs and Symptoms Conjunctival concretions, or lithiasis, are seen as small, white to yellow nodules superficially buried within and beneath the palpebral conjunctiva. They may occur in either the upper or lower lid; when inferior, they...

Conjunctival lymphoma.(Conjunctiva & Sclera)
March 15, 2004... Signs and Symptoms Conjunctival lymphomas represent a mass lesion of the superficial ocular surface. They are classically described as "salmon-colored patches," and may present bilaterally in as many as 20% of patients. The lesions are...

Acute allergic conjunctivitis.(Conjunctiva & Sclera)
March 15, 2004... Signs and Symptoms Allergic conjunctivitis represents the single most common form of ocular allergic disease. (1) Acute allergic conjunctivitis describes the abrupt and immediate response seen in sensitized individuals after exposure to a...

Overview of new ocular allergy products.(Conjunctiva & Sclera)
March 15, 2004... IT IS ESTIMATED that millions of Americans suffer from ocular allergies. In 2003, there were no less than 12 FDA-approved prescription topical medications for the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis: Acular, Alamast, Alocril, Alomide, Alrex,...

Phlyctenulosis (phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis).(Conjunctiva & Sclera)
March 15, 2004... Signs and Symptoms Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis is a nodular inflammation of the perilimbal tissues that occurs secondary to an allergic hypersensitivity response of the cornea. (1-6) The disease has a worldwide distribution and is...

Fourth-generation fluoroquinolones: combating or promoting bacterial resistance?(Conjunctiva & Sclera)
March 15, 2004... FEW WOULD ARGUE that the fluoroquinolones represent the most potent and beneficial antibiotic agents currently available. Whether for peri-operative prophylaxis or management of bacterial ocular infection, fluoroquinolone antibiotics are...

Bacterial keratitis.(Cornea)
March 15, 2004... Signs and Symptoms The patient with bacterial keratitis will generally present with a unilateral, acutely painful, photophobic, intensely injected eye. Visual acuity is usually reduced, and profuse tearing is common. There will be a focal...

Pannus.(Cornea)
March 15, 2004... Definition: The word "pannus" takes its origin from the Latin meaning "a piece of cloth." Relating to the eye, it is pathologically defined as a superficial vascularization of the cornea with infiltration of inflammatory-connective-granulation...

Immune stromal (interstitial) keratitis.(Cornea)
March 15, 2004... Signs and Symptoms Patients with active immune stromal keratitis (ISK) will present with pain, photophobia, lacrimation, and blepharospasm. Vision is typically reduced in the acute, active phase. The presentation may be either unilateral...

Dry eye syndrome.(Cornea)
March 15, 2004... Signs and Symptoms Dry eye syndrome may occur in a wide range of individuals, although it is more frequently seen in women, the elderly, and those with connective tissue disorders (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren's syndrome). Patients...

Corneal abrasion.(Cornea)
March 15, 2004... Signs and Symptoms Corneal abrasion is one of the common clinical entities that present to the optometric practice. Patients usually present with some or all of the following: acute pain, photophobia, lacrimation, blepharospasm,...

Overview of new dry eye products.(Cornea)
March 15, 2004... FOR MANY YEARS, there were only two options for managing dry eye syndrome: either put more moisture into the eye, or prevent the moisture already present from evaporating too quickly. Ophthalmic lubricating solutions, more commonly known as...

Phacomorphic glaucoma.(Uvea and Glaucoma)
March 15, 2004... Signs and Symptoms Patients with phacomorphic glaucoma are typically elderly, female, and often of small stature. Frequently, they are hyperopic with a nanophthalmic eye. By definition an advanced, intumescent cataract will be present in...

Phacolytic glaucoma.(Uvea and Glaucoma)
March 15, 2004... Signs and symptoms The patient with phacolytic glaucoma is typically elderly with a history of progressively worsening vision from pre-existing cataracts. Vision typically is reduced to light perception range, but the patient may have no...

Normal tension glaucoma.(Uvea and Glaucoma)
March 15, 2004... Signs and Symptoms Like most chronic forms of glaucoma, symptoms do not manifest in normal tension glaucoma (NTG) until very late in the disease when the patient suffers from a nearly extinguished visual field. The patient is typically...

Primary chronic angle closure glaucoma.(Uvea and Glaucoma)
March 15, 2004... Signs and Symptoms The patient with primary chronic angle-closure glaucoma (CACG) typically is older and asymptomatic. (1) Women are more commonly affected than men. Hyperopia is commonly encountered. Patients of Asian descent are the most...

Iridocorneal endothelial syndromes (ICE).(Uvea and Glaucoma)
March 15, 2004... Signs and Symptoms The patient with ICE syndrome is typically a younger female. It is most common in Caucasians, and there typically is no family history of this disease. It is most commonly a unilateral phenomenon, but bilateral cases...

New technology: GDx VCC.(Uvea and Glaucoma)
March 15, 2004... ONE OF THE EARLIEST clinically identifiable changes occurring in glaucoma is damage to the nerve fiber layer (NFL). Nerve fiber layer damage typically precedes visual field loss, often by several years. Thus, a careful examination of the NFL is...

New technology: confocal scanning laser tomography.(Uvea and Glaucoma)
March 15, 2004... WHILE CONFOCAL SCANNING LASER TOMOGRAPHY is not exactly a "new" technology, its widespread use in clinical practice today merits special mentioning. The Heidelberg Retinal Tomograph II (HRT II) offers a combined approach for detection of both...

New insight on treating glaucoma.(Uvea and Glaucoma)
March 15, 2004... WHILE GLAUCOMA HAS LONG BEEN considered a pressure-sensitive optic neuropathy, only recently has the benefit of intraocular pressure reduction been scientifically proven. (1-5) Recently, a study has been published that may be the only study to...

Terson's syndrome.(Vitreous and Retina)
March 15, 2004... Signs and Symptoms Terson's syndrome was first described by the French ophthalmologist Albert Terson in the early 1900s. (1), (2) It was defined as intraocular hemorrhage associated with acute intracranial hemorrhage. (1-5) At that time,...

Purtscher's retinopathy.(Vitreous and Retina)
March 15, 2004... Signs and Symptoms In 1910, Purtscher described the occurrence of bilateral patches of retinal whitening with hemorrhage around the optic disk in patients who had suffered head trauma (angiopathia retinae traumatica). (1-5) Subsequently,...

Valsalva's retinopathy.(Vitreous and Retina)
March 15, 2004... Signs and Symptoms The Valsalva's maneuver was named after the Italian anatomist Antonio Maria Valsalva, who defined the Valsalva ligaments and anatomy related to the forcible exhalation effort against a closed glottis. This increases the...

New technology: optical coherence tomography.(Vitreous and Retina)
March 15, 2004... OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY (OCT) is a relatively new technique for two and three-dimensional imaging of tissues at the histological level. (1-7) The technique is based on optical technology and commercially available fiber-optic components...

New management: intravitreal steroid injection for edematous macular disease.(Vitreous and Retina)
March 15, 2004... CYSTOID MACULAR EDEMA (CME) and macular edema in general typically manifest as either decreased visual acuity, metamorphopsia, visible retinal thickening, or leakage seen upon fluorescein angiography. It is the result of vascular compromise...