Journal of Development Studies articles from July 1993

Journal of Development Studies archives from July 1993

Introduction: urban bias in perspective. (Special Issue: Beyond Urban Bias)
July 1, 1993... The 'urban bias' theory has long been influential in development studies. Associated primarily with the works of Michael Lipton |1977~ and Robert Bates |1981~, it has contributed a great deal to our knowledge of the grim realities of rural life...

The origins of agricultural policy in Ivory Coast 1960-86. (Special Issue: Beyond Urban Bias)
July 1, 1993... Africa specialists usually classify the Ivory Coast (henceforth Cote d'Ivoire), along with Kenya and Zimbabwe, as a country whose government has created a policy environment favourable to producers of export crops and exhibited less 'urban bias'...

Exceptions to urban bias in Latin America: Cuba and Costa Rica. (Special Issue: Beyond Urban Bias)
July 1, 1993... The Mexican poet Octavio Paz once remarked that there is an organic relationship between power and cities. If that posited relationship holds sway anywhere, it is in Latin America. Indeed, no other region boasts of countries where the name of the...

Economic structure and the politics of sectoral bias: East Asian and other cases. (Special Issue: Beyond Urban Bias)
July 1, 1993... I. INTRODUCTION Why Poor People Stay Poor: Urban Bias in World Development by Michael Lipton [1977] and Markets and States in Tropical Africa: The Political Basis of Agricultural Policies by Robert Bates [1981] -- at the policy-making level,...

Reform and urban bias in China. (Special Issue: Beyond Urban Bias)
July 1, 1993... INTRODUCTION China exhibits unmistakable signs of urban bias. One recent national survey shows that China has an 'extraordinarily high degree of urban-rural inequality by the standards of other developing countries in Asia.'(1) Whereas the...

Rural bias in the East and South-east Asian rice economy: Indonesia in comparative perspective. (Special Issue: Beyond Urban Bias)
July 1, 1993... All Asian countries that have made the transition from poor agricultural society to rich industrial exporter have found the transformation to be very painful for their farmers, especially their rice farmers who make up the bulk of the rural...

Self-limited empowerment: democracy, economic development and rural India. (Special Issue: Beyond Urban Bias)
July 1, 1993... This study presents three arguments. The first concerns what has become conventional wisdom in political economy -- namely, that the historical trajectory of rural power is marked by a paradox.(1) It is argued that in the early phases of...

'Urban bias': a fresh look. (Special Issue: Beyond Urban Bias)
July 1, 1993... INTRODUCTION When investigating a pattern of behaviour, scholars can choose between two methods. They can agree upon a set of stylised facts and then seek an explanation of them; or they can note a range of variation and search for a set of...

Urban bias: of consequences, classes and causality. (Special Issue: Beyond Urban Bias)
July 1, 1993... I This collection deals mainly with the causes of urban bias (UB). Hence the authors address two main questions. Why have some countries less UB than others, or even (allegedly) rural bias? Why is UB reduced, even (allegedly) reversed, in...

Women and Adjustment Policies in the Third World.
July 1, 1993... The central message of this volume is clear and uncompromising -- women in general and poor women in particular have borne the brunt of hardships induced by fiscal and monetary austerity in developing economies over the last decade. Particularly...

Women, the State and Development.
July 1, 1993... This book arrived on my desk at just the right moment -- just as I was preparing a course reading list on gender relations, the state and development and getting that sinking feeling that there was far less published on this subject than I had...

Creating and Transforming Households: The Constraints of the World-Economy.
July 1, 1993... World-systems theorists have by now clearly demonstrated their commitment to undertaking serious study of one of the smallest units of social scientific inquiry -- the household -- utilising their better-known core-periphery analytical framework...

Culture, Globalization and the World-System: Contemporary Conditions for the Representation of Identity.
July 1, 1993... This is at once a very important and unusual book; important because it provides an authoritative overview of current conceptualisations of the interplay between globalisation and culture, and unusual because it juxtaposes five main 'position...

Towards a New Development Strategy for Latin America: Pathways from Hirschman's Thought.
July 1, 1993... Publication of a festschrift marks some notable occasion in the life of a scholar, and usually consists of essays lauding the work of a savant or demonstrating the progress of his pupils. The stimulus for the present volume was the thirtieth...

Public Choices and Policy Changes: The Political Economy of Reform in Developing Countries.
July 1, 1993... How do governments arrive at policy decisions and how do they change them? There is a wide spectrum of basic approaches to explaining these issues among political scientists. One can for simplicity reduce this to a continuum. At one end are the...

The Theory of Peasant Co-operatives.
July 1, 1993... This is an excellent book, likely to be of interest to both students and practitioners of co-operative development and to others concerned more generally both with the development of rural institutions on the one hand and with the analytical work...

State Administered Rural Change: Agricultural Cooperatives in Rural Kenya.
July 1, 1993... This intensely empirical monograph seeks to explore reasons for success or failure of the cooperatives serving Kenyan agriculture. While covering the whole period 1946 to 1983, the most detailed statistical analysis covers the years from 1963...

Seeds of Change: Stories of IDB Innovation in Latin American.
July 1, 1993... It has become fairly commonplace to assume that it is with non-governmental organisations (NGOs) that innovation in development thinking and policy takes place. The claim of this book is that large institutions, such as the Inter-American...

Perspectives on the Agro-Export Economy in Central America.
July 1, 1993... The editor and most other contributors to this volume view the agro-export model of development as seriously deficient, with its application in Central America having aggravated major socio-economic inequities. Yet, with appropriate...

Revolution and Political Change in the Third World.
July 1, 1993... 'Revolution and Political Change in the Third World' comprises the proceedings of a conference held in June 1988. The relatively long gestation period of the resulting edited collection has given the contributors ample scope for elaboration,...

Contested Frontiers in Amazonia.
July 1, 1993... Whatever the merits and demerits of this book, its authors cannot be faulted for lack of ambition. Consider the ingredients they have had to boil down into less than 400 pages. Take an area approximately the size of England -- in this case, the...

Panama at the Crossroads - Economic Development and Political Change in the Twentieth Century.
July 1, 1993... The world was invited to judge the US invasion of Panama in December 1989 on the basis of some quite straightforward criteria. It was done, said President George Bush, to safeguard the lives of US citizens, restore democracy to Panama, curb the...

Paraguay: The Personalist Legacy.
July 1, 1993... A general introduction to Paraguay has been a noticeable omission from the English language literature on Latin America over the past two decades. The difficulties faced by foreign academic researchers in the country during the Stroessner regime...

Urban Poverty in the Caribbean: French Martinique as a Social Laboratory.
July 1, 1993... The intention of the author, who is Associate Professor of Social Anthropology at the University of California, Berkeley, is to use Fort-de-France, Martinique as a 'laboratory' in order to investigate the social reproduction of urban poverty in...

Chicanery at the Canal: Changing Practice in Irrigation Management in Western Mexico.
July 1, 1993... With shrinking amounts of available land, water and investment capital serving to slow irrigation's expansion, increased attention must be given to better managing existing projects. Improving management, however, requires an understanding of the...