Journal of Studies on Alcohol articles from September 2003

Journal of Studies on Alcohol archives from September 2003

Rates and symptoms of PTSD among cocaine-dependent patients *.(posttraumatic stress disorder )
September 1, 2003... A GROWING BODY of literature documents an association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorder (SUD). Studies show lifetime rates of PTSD in substance abuse samples ranging from 30% to 75%, with current rates at...

Patient depressive symptoms and therapist focus on emotional material: a new look at project MATCH *.
September 1, 2003... DEPRESSION has been shown to be among the most frequently co-occurring problems among alcoholics across inpatient treatment (Penick et al., 1988), general hospital (Curtis et al., 1986) and emergency department (Rund, 1981) settings. Further,...

Psychiatric disorders among older adolescents treated in emergency departments on weekends: a comparison with a matched community sample *.
September 1, 2003... RESEARCH EFFORTS with adolescents seen in emergency departments (EDs) have recently moved toward initiation of treatment for young alcohol abusers in EDs so that detected problems can be addressed quickly (Barnett et al., 2002; Monti et al.,...

Changes in alcohol consumption and in sexually transmitted disease incidence rates in the United States: 1983-1998.
September 1, 2003... THERE IS substantial public health interest in the relationship between alcohol consumption and risky sexual behaviors that can contribute to the spread of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including HIV/AIDS (for reviews of this...

Treatment nonseeking in alcohol users: a community-based study from North India.
September 1, 2003... A LARGE MAJORITY of individuals with alcohol use disorders do not seek treatment. It has been estimated that the ratio of untreated individuals needing care to people in treatment ranges from 3:1 to 13:1 (Sobell et al., 1991). Help seeking in...

Personality differences between users of wine, beer and spirits in a community sample: the Winnipeg health and drinking survey *.
September 1, 2003... A LARGE NUMBER of prospective studies have now demonstrated a reduced risk of death from coronary heart disease (CHD) among moderate drinkers as compared to nondrinkers (Anderson, 1994; Holman et al., 1996; Murray et al., 2002; Rehm et al.,...

Alcohol-related injury in the ER: a cross-national meta-analysis from the Emergency Room Collaborative Alcohol Analysis Project (ERCAAP) *.
September 1, 2003... TRAUMA IS a significant problem in many countries and a substantial literature exists, a great deal of which is from emergency room (ER) studies, implicating alcohol as a major risk factor for injury (Cherpitel, 1993; Romelsjo, 1995). The...

Drunkenness among young people: a cross-national comparison *.
September 1, 2003... THE THREE MOST FREQUENT forms of mortality among adolescents, accidental death, homicide and suicide, are associated with alcohol use (Edwards et al., 1994; Sells and Blum, 1996; World Health Organization [WHO], 2000; Zador et al., 2000)....

Effects of acute administration of ethanol on the rat adrenal cortex *.
September 1, 2003... ACTIVATION OF the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is a central component of the adaptive response to preserve neuroendocrine homeostasis. Ethanol is known to stimulate the HPA axis of both experimental animals and humans (Frias et...

Alcohol's effects on perceptions of a potential date rape *.
September 1, 2003... ALCOHOL'S EFFECTS on sexual and aggressive behavior have been well established. Compared to sober participants, those who have consumed alcohol in laboratory studies have been found to behave more aggressively and sexually (for reviews see...

Examining delinquency in adolescents differentially prenatally exposed to alcohol: the role of proximal and distal risk factors *.
September 1, 2003... STUDIES OF ALCOHOL-EXPOSED adolescents report numerous developmental and behavioral problems. Adolescents with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) are characterized by deficits in intellectual functioning, dysmorphic physical characteristics (e.g.,...

Alcohol-induced impairment of behavioral control: effects on the alteration and suppression of prepotent responses *.
September 1, 2003... THE ASSOCIATION of alcohol use with aggression and other socially inappropriate behaviors has led to considerable research interest in the possibility that alcohol selectively impairs the ability to inhibit behavioral actions (e.g., Lyvers,...

Heavy drinking and alcohol policy enforcement in a statewide public college system *.
September 1, 2003... THE MISUSE OF ALCOHOL by U.S. college students has received much attention during the last decade. In 1993, the Harvard School of Public Health College Alcohol Study (CAS) found that 15.6% of students abstained from alcohol, 40.3% drank but not...

Alcohol-related aggression and drinking at off-campus parties and bars: a national study of current drinkers in college *.
September 1, 2003... THE PREVALENCE of episodic heavy drinking among college students has been well documented in several national studies (Engs et al., 1996; O'Malley and Johnston, 2002; Presley et al., 1996; Wechsler et al., 1994, 2002b). Episodic heavy drinking,...

Drinking course in alcohol-dependent men from adolescence to midlife *.
September 1, 2003... UNDERSTANDING THE COURSE of alcoholism is essential in identifying its etiology and knowing where intervention may be fruitful. Examination of the extant literature on this topic, however, indicates continuing debate and controversy regarding...

Effects of communities, neighborhoods and stores on retail pricing and promotion of beer *.
September 1, 2003... DESPITE ITS LINKS to a broad range of serious health, safety and social problems, alcohol use is globally promoted in all media through increasingly innovative marketing and pricing strategies outside and within the retail environment (Hacker...

Validity of the CRAFFT in American-Indian and Alaska-Native adolescents: screening for drug and alcohol risk *.
September 1, 2003... AMERICAN INDIANS AND ALASKA NATIVES have been found to have a disproportionately high rate of alcohol misuse and related problems (Cruz, 1999; Daisy et al., 1998; Indian Health Services [IHS], 1996), and heavy alcohol use has been identified as...

Factors affecting the validity of a Timeline Follow-Back Interview *.
September 1, 2003... THE TIMELINE FOLLOW-BACK (TLFB) is an interview technique that assists research participants and treatment clients in recalling past drinking. Results have greater validity than do simple questions about usual quantity and frequency of drinking...