Journal of Studies on Alcohol articles from September 1997

Journal of Studies on Alcohol archives from September 1997

Alcohol and coronary heart disease risk: implications for public policy.(Editorial)
September 1, 1997... THE ENTHUSIASM for recommendations that the public drink alcohol apparently stems from the consistent observation that light to moderate alcohol consumption, defined as [is less than or equal to] two drinks per day, is related to reduced...

Estimated numbers of deaths from coronary heart disease "caused" and "prevented" by alcohol: an example from Finland.
September 1, 1997... ABSTRACT. Objective: Epidemiological studies show that moderate alcohol consumption rather than abstention is associated with a lower risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality. Our objective was to adjust established methods for...

Prevalence and correlates of alcohol use and DSM-IV alcohol dependence in United States: results of the National Longitudinal Alcohol Epidemiology Survey. (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed.)
September 1, 1997... Although the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), the National Institute on Drug Abuse and, more recently, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Administration have conducted national surveys to monitor alcohol use...

Alcohol use and reported visits to health professionals: an exploratory study.
September 1, 1997... ABSTRACT. Objective: To examine the differences in visits to health care professionals between drinkers and nondrinkers, as well as between regular and frequent drinkers. Method: Multivariate analyses were conducted, using data from a...

Association between blood pressure and lifetime drinking patterns in moderate drinkers.
September 1, 1997... ABSTRACT. Objective: To compare the relationship between blood pressure and recent vs lifetime alcohol intake measures in a nonalcoholic cohort using measures that normalized alcohol intake in terms of the volume of distribution for ethanol...

Are the recent trends in liver cirrhosis mortality affected by the changes in alcohol consumption? Analysis of latency period in European countries.
September 1, 1997... ABSTRACT. Objective. A striking reduction of alcohol-related problems, such as liver cirrhosis death rates, has been observed in many western countries in recent years. It might be expected that these declines are accompanied by a lagged...

Drunk or sober? Learned conformity to a behavioral standard.
September 1, 1997... ABSTRACT. Objective: This research tested the hypothesis that behavioral standards in a drinking situation are learned. Method: Two groups of male social drinkers (N = 12) were reinforced with verbal feedback (FB) for matching either a "sober"...

Models of alcohol use by young adults: an examination of various attitude-behavior theories.
September 1, 1997... ABSTRACT. Objective: The aim of this study was to test the effectiveness of various attitude-behavior theories in explaining alcohol use among young adults. The theory of reasoned action (TRA), the theory of planned behavior and an extension...

Confirmatory analyses of three scoring systems for the 90-item Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire.
September 1, 1997... ABSTRACT. Objective: The Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire (AEQ) is a widely used instrument in the field of alcohol research, and several different versions and scoring systems for the AEQ are in current use. Two previous confirmatory factor...

Drinking drivers missed at sobriety checkpoints.
September 1, 1997... ABSTRACT. Objective: Sobriety checkpoints are an effective deterrent to alcohol-impaired driving although a substantial proportion of drinking drivers who pass through checkpoints are missed. The present study was designed to determine the...

Legal and social control of alcohol-impaired driving in California: 1983-1994.
September 1, 1997... ABSTRACT. Objective: This research was designed to provide information on the legal and social forces that influence change in control of alcohol-impaired driving. Method: Attitudes, perceptions and behaviors concerning drinking and driving...

A prospective study of the utility of standardized instruments in predicting recidivism among first DWI offenders. (driving while impaired)
September 1, 1997... ABSTRACT. Objective: The present study investigated the utility of four instruments -- the MacAndrews scale of the MMPI-2 (MAC), four scales of the Alcohol Use Inventory (AUI), the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST) and the Skinner's...

Immediate, quantitative estimation of blood alcohol concentration from saliva.
September 1, 1997... ABSTRACT. Objective: Reliable, valid, and noninvasive methods to quantitatively estimate blood alcohol concentration (BAC) are important in forensic, work place, medical and research settings. To date, non-invasive methods for quantitatively...

Alcohol-related problems among black, Hispanic and white men: the contribution of neighborhood poverty.
September 1, 1997... ABSTRACT. Objective: We examined the cross-sectional relationships between race/ethnicity, neighborhood poverty and alcohol-related problems among black, Hispanic and white male drinkers. Test hypotheses were that black and Hispanic men living...

Mother-son interactions in disruptive and nondisruptive adolescent sons of male alcoholics and controls.
September 1, 1997... ABSTRACT. Objective: The goal of the study was to describe mother-son relations in adolescent sons of male alcoholics. Method: Eighty-two mother-son dyads were observed interacting in a laboratory setting. They were subdivided into four...

Alcoholics Anonymous as a Mutual-Help Movement: A Study in Eight Societies.
September 1, 1997... An increasing literature suggests that researchers should approach Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) not as an alternative to treatment but as a form of community, a type of "new social movement." This shift of perspective from the...

Psychotherapy, Psychological Treatments and the Addictions.
September 1, 1997... There is something quite intriguing about watching people of other faiths in their places of worship. Whether one is in a cathedral, chapel, synagogue, temple or other religious place, there is delight to be had in seeing people engage in a...