Journal of Studies on Alcohol articles from November 2000

Journal of Studies on Alcohol archives from November 2000

Editor's Corner: Keep It Simple.(explaining alcohol abuse)
November 1, 2000... SEVERAL HUNDRED years ago, William of Occam proposed the philosophy that the more simple explanation is likely to be the best. Although no rule of thumb is perfect, "Occam's razor" might have some benefits in rapidly growing fields where large...

Gender Differences in Natural Recovery from Alcohol Dependence(*).(Statistical Data Included)
November 1, 2000... ALTHOUGH EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES on substance abuse have revealed the importance of gender issues in prevalence of alcohol abuse and dependence, little is known about the impact of gender on recovery processes. In-depth studies on this issue...

Subject Reactivity Effects and Alcohol Treatment Outcome Research.
November 1, 2000... THE IDEA that research follow-up interviews may function as treatment aftercare and contribute to outcomes is not new. For example, more than 25 years ago, Gallen (1974) reported that frequent and continued contact with alcoholics...

Providing Personalized Assessment Feedback for Problem Drinking on the Internet: A Pilot Project(*).
November 1, 2000... THERE IS convincing evidence that self-help materials can help problem drinkers (e.g., Agostinelli et al., 1995; Heather et al., 1990; Koski-Jannes, 1995; Miller and Munoz, 1982; Sanchez-Craig et al., 1996; Sitharthan et al., 1996). The next...

Developmental Pathways to Alcohol Abuse and Dependence in Young Adulthood(*).(Statistical Data Included)
November 1, 2000... ALCOHOL IS THE MOST commonly used psychoactive drug among adolescents. The 1999 Monitoring the Future national survey of secondary-school students found that approximately 52% of 8th-grade students, 71% of 10th-grade students and 80% of...

Neuropsychological Deficits in Female Adolescents with a Substance Use Disorder: Better Accounted for by Conduct Disorder?(*).(Statistical Data Included)
November 1, 2000... INDIVIDUALS WITH a diagnosis of a substance use disorder (SUD) are known to exhibit neuropsychological deficits (reviewed in Evert and Oscar-Berman, 1995; Fals-Stewart et al., 1994). These deficits have been noted in both adolescents and adults...

Family Risk Factors for Alcohol-Related Consequences and Poor Adjustment in Fraternity and Sorority Members: Exploring the Role of Parent-Child Conflict(*).(Statistical Data Included)
November 1, 2000... THE TRANSITION to college represents a significant period of risk for the development of alcohol use disorders. It is estimated that nearly 90% of college students use alcohol (Johnston et al., 1993) and as many as 45% consume five or more...

The Relationships of a Family History of Alcohol Dependence, a Low Level of Response to Alcohol and Six Domains of Life Functioning to the Development of Alcohol Use Disorders(*).(Statistical Data Included)
November 1, 2000... AS WITH other genetically influenced disorders, the risk for alcohol abuse or dependence (alcohol use disorders) relates almost equally to genetic and environmental factors (Goldman, 1999; Lenox, 2000; Prescott and Kendler, 1999; Schuckit,...

Young Adult Children of Alcoholic, Depressed and Nondistressed Parents(*).(Statistical Data Included)
November 1, 2000... DURING THE PAST several decades, the investigation of high-risk samples has proved to be a particularly useful research strategy in attempts to understand the etiology and development of various psychopathologies (Rutter and Quinton, 1984;...

Gender Differences in the Development of Substance-Related Problems: The Impact of Family History of Alcoholism, Family History of Violence and Childhood Conduct Problems(*).(Statistical Data Included)
November 1, 2000... IT HAS BEEN ESTABLISHED that family history of alcoholism (FHA) is a risk factor for the development of alcohol abuse or dependence (Cotton, 1979; Dawson et al., 1992). Risk for developing problems with alcohol increases roughly as a function...

Mortality in Male Alcoholics after Ten to Fourteen Years(*).(Statistical Data Included)
November 1, 2000... MORE THAN two dozen long-term follow-up studies over the past 50 years have clearly established that misuse of alcohol (encompassing alcohol abuse, alcoholism and persistent heavy drinking of more than 250-400 grams/week) is related to early...

Does Affect Mediate the Association between Daily Events and Alcohol Use?(*).
November 1, 2000... THE NOTION that individuals drink in response to positive and negative daily events and their corresponding affective states is at the core of motivational models explaining both problem and nonproblem drinking (Conger, 1956; Cooper, 1994;...

Differential Effects of Alcohol on Responses to Negatively and Positively Primed Stimuli(*).
November 1, 2000... THE DISRUPTIVE EFFECTS of alcohol on the performance of laboratory tasks that require visual attention have been well-documented in recent decades (Carpenter, 1962; Goldberg, 1943; Koelega, 1995). Studies of acute alcohol administrations in...

Intraclass Correlations from a Community-Based Alcohol Prevention Study: The Effect of Repeat Observations on the Same Communities(*).(Statistical Data Included)
November 1, 2000... MANY STUDIES evaluating school- and community-based alcohol prevention efforts employ a group-randomized trial design. In general, a group-randomized trial (GRT) is a study in which identifiable groups are assigned to conditions and...

Elderly Medicare Inpatients with Substance Use Disorders: Characteristics and Predictors of Hospital Readmissions over a Four-Year Interval(*).(Statistical Data Included)
November 1, 2000... AS A CONSERVATIVE ESTIMATE (Bucholz et al., 1995), between 1% and 3% of all hospital inpatients aged 65 and older have substance use disorders (Adams et al., 1993; Moos et al., 1993). This study adds to prior research about these patients in...

Media, Product Differences and Seasonality in Alcohol Advertising in 1997(*).
November 1, 2000... ALCOHOL ADVERTISING has been linked to higher rates of drinking among youth in the U.S. and abroad. Research has consistently found that alcohol advertising exposure is positively correlated with higher rates of drinking among youth and with...

Outlet Density and Criminal Violence in Norway, 1960-1995(*).
November 1, 2000... THE CUMULATED EVIDENCE from experimental studies indicates that alcohol intoxication per se does not necessarily induce aggressive behavior, but that such a response is instigated by the additional factor of provocation and frustration...

A National Survey of Training in Substance Use Disorders in Residency Programs(*).
November 1, 2000... APPROXIMATELY 15% of the population of the United States has experienced a significant problem with alcohol or other drugs (McCrady and Langenbucher, 1996). The prevalence of alcohol problems among patients in primary care settings may be as...

Reliability and Validity of the German Version of the European Addiction Severity Index (EuropASI).
November 1, 2000... SINCE ITS INTRODUCTION in 1979, the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) has become one of the most commonly used instruments for the assessment of the severity of drug and alcohol dependence (McLellan et al., 1992). Studies have reported interrater...

CORRESPONDENCE.(Brief Article)
November 1, 2000... Dear Editor: Kandel and Chen do a nice job of stratifying marijuana use groups (Kandel and Chen, 2000). Several of their points are very significant as we consider marijuana to be a serious drug of abuse. Of their total using population,...