Journal of Studies on Alcohol articles from July 2006

Journal of Studies on Alcohol archives from July 2006

Correlates of rural methamphetamine and cocaine users: results from a multistate community study *.
July 1, 2006... ALTHOUGH FIRST SYNTHESIZED IN GERMANY and Japan in the late 1800s, methamphetamine (MA) became more widely known in the United States when it was used, manufactured, and distributed by motorcycle gangs in California in the mid-1960s. Probably...

Letter and category fluency in children with fetal alcohol syndrome from a community in South Africa *.
July 1, 2006... IT IS NOW ESTABLISHED THAT PRENATAL exposure to alcohol produces a wide range of morphological and neurobehavioral outcomes that are often referred to as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). Neuropsychological studies of FASD have...

Protective effect of black tea against ethanol-induced oxidative modifications of liver proteins and lipids *.
July 1, 2006... SEVERAL XENOBIOTICS, SUCH AS ALCOHOLS, for example, are increasingly recognized as substances that disturb cellular metabolism, including redox balance. In most cases, it is connected with metabolism of these xenobiotics. Ethanol is metabolized...

Societal costs of underage drinking *.
July 1, 2006... THIRTY STATES LOWERED THE LEGAL DRINKING age to 18 during the 1970s. In response to evidence of increased traffic fatalities (Wagenaar, 1983; Williams et al., 1974), however, almost all states raised their minimum drinking age between 1978 and...

Simultaneous and concurrent polydrug use of alcohol and prescription drugs: prevalence, correlates, and consequences *.
July 1, 2006... NATIONAL SURVEILLANCE DATA and several anecdotal case reports document the potential severe consequences that can occur as a result of simultaneous use of alcohol and prescription drugs (e.g., Barrett and Pihl, 2002; Cone et al., 2003; Koski et...

Development and initial validation of a 12-step participation expectancies questionnaire.
July 1, 2006... TWELVE-STEP MUTUAL-HELP GROUPS, such as Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and Narcotics Anonymous (NA), are attractive as adjuncts or alternatives to addictions treatment, because they can be attended free of charge, are easily accessible, and are...

College student drinking, attitudes toward risks, and drinking consequences *.
July 1, 2006... ACROSS SEVERAL STUDIES AND ACROSS TIME, drinking patterns of college students have remained remarkably consistent (Benton et al., 2003; O'Malley and Johnston, 2002; Wechsler et al., 2002). Along with this consistency goes the pervasive finding...

A mixture model of discontinuous development in heavy drinking from ages 18 to 30: the role of college enrollment *.
July 1, 2006... THE EVOLUTION OF PROBLEM BEHAVIOR from high school through emerging adulthood (ages 18-25; Arnett, 2000) shows great variability across individuals. That is, some individuals may consistently exhibit a given problem behavior over time, whereas...

Examining the effects of alcoholism typology and AA attendance on self-efficacy as a mechanism of change *.
July 1, 2006... AS THE FIELD OF ALCOHOLISM TREATMENT research moves beyond simple efficacy studies and the search for matching effects, increased attention has focused on the elucidation of mechanisms of change (Longabaugh et al., 2005). Although the 12-step...

The efficacy of two brief intervention strategies among injured, at-risk drinkers in the emergency department: impact of tailored messaging and brief advice *.
July 1, 2006... REDUCING DEATH AND DISABILITY caused by alcohol-related intentional and nonintentional injuries is a national health status goal (Department of Health and Human Services, 1991, 2000). For many years, the emergency department (ED) has been...

Age and racial/ethnic differences in drinking and drinking-related problems in a community sample of lesbians *.(Statistical data)
July 1, 2006... HEAVY DRINKING AMONG LESBIANS is perceived to be a serious and prevalent problem (Solarz, 1999; Department of Health and Human Services, 2000). However, although research on alcohol use among women in general has increased substantially during...

Applications of small-world network theory in alcohol epidemiology.
July 1, 2006... THIS STUDY EMPLOYS A SMALL-WORLD network model to investigate the question: What is the smallest percentage of alcohol-dependent individuals that must be treated to achieve a reduction in the prevalence of alcohol dependence over time? We use...

Levels of spirituality and treatment outcome: a preliminary examination *.
July 1, 2006... ALTHOUGH MANY PERSONS CAN USE alcohol in a safe and responsible manner, surveys of the general population project that 8% of American drinkers eventually become alcohol dependent (Robins et al., 1984). The economic and social consequences of...

A randomized study of four cards designed to prevent problems during college students' 21st birthday celebrations *.(Clinical report)
July 1, 2006... HEAVY EPISODIC DRINKING AMONG college undergraduates is a major threat to the health, safety, and academic performance of college students (Task Force of the National Advisory Council on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 2002). Furthermore, certain...

Use of designated boat operators and designated drivers among college students *.(Statistical data)
July 1, 2006... DESPITE THE DECREASE IN ALCOHOL USE and the related fatalities in recent years, alcohol involvement is still a major cause of traffic fatalities and injuries. In 2001, there were 17,448 fatalities and 275,000 injuries resulting from alcohol...

Environmental and individual predictors of error in field estimates of blood alcohol concentration: a multilevel analysis *.
July 1, 2006... THE HIGH COST OF BIOLOGICAL MEASURES of blood alcohol concentrations (BACs) has resulted in few studies (see Lange and Voas [2001] and Thombs et al. [2003]) of college student drinking that have collected biological BAC data. Thus, most...

"Groupdrink"? The effect of alcohol on risk attraction among groups versus individuals *.
July 1, 2006... THE PRESENT RESEARCH INVESTIGATES how alcohol and group processes combine to affect people's engagement in risk when alone or in groups. Research on the effects of alcohol focuses largely on individuals. As a result of drinking alcohol,...

Self-efficacy and alcohol relapse: concurrent validity of confidence measures, self-other discrepancies, and prediction of treatment outcome.
July 1, 2006... IN ACCORDANCE WITH SOCIAL LEARNING theory of drinking and alcoholism (for a review, see Maisto et al. [1999]), self-efficacy has been shown to predict relapse following treatment for alcohol dependence (e.g., Goldbeck et al., 1997). Moreover,...