Journal of Studies on Alcohol articles from July 2000

Journal of Studies on Alcohol archives from July 2000

A Psychopharmacological Study of the Relationship between Brain Catalase Activity and Ethanol-Induced Locomotor Activity in Mice(*).(Statistical Data Included)
July 1, 2000... EARLIER REPORTS have shown that the administration of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (AT) in mice and rats alters several of the ethanol-induced psychopharmacological effects (Aragon and Amit, 1992; Aragon et al., 1985, 1989, 1991b). In these studies,...

The Direct and Indirect Relationships between Alcohol Prevention Measures and Alcoholic Liver Cirrhosis Mortality(*).(Statistical Data Included)
July 1, 2000... THE PROBLEMS resulting from the use and abuse of alcohol exact an enormous toll from society (Xie et al., 1998). These problems have long been recognized, and for many years various efforts to prevent or otherwise reduce them have been...

Alcohol and Unnatural Deaths in Sweden: A Medico-Legal Autopsy Study(*).(Statistical Data Included)
July 1, 2000... ALCOHOL IS RESPONSIBLE for considerable morbidity, mortality and social problems (e.g., Berberian et al., 1994; Duffy, 1995; Poikolainen, 1995; Rehm and Sempos, 1995; Shaper, 1990). Despite the fact that alcohol is the most commonly abused...

Drinking and Driving: Explaining Beverage-Specific Risks(*).(Statistical Data Included)
July 1, 2000... EMPIRICAL LINKAGES between beer consumption and drinking-driving have appeared in the literature since the earliest studies of traffic collisions by Borkenstein and his colleagues in the 1960s (Perrine et al., 1989). With striking consistency,...

Adolescent and Young Adult Antisocial Behavior and Adult Alcohol Use Disorders: A Fourteen-Year Prospective Follow-Up in a National Survey(*).(Statistical Data Included)
July 1, 2000... DEVIANT BEHAVIOR, conduct disorders and adult antisocial personality disorder have long been associated with substance abuse (Cadoret et al., 1985; Fillmore, 1988; Harford and Parker, 1994; Huizinga and Elliot, 1981; Jessor et al., 1991; Jessor...

Long-Term Outcomes of Alcohol Use Disorders: Comparing Untreated Individuals with Those in Alcoholics Anonymous and Formal Treatment(*).(Statistical Data Included)
July 1, 2000... FEW STUDIES have followed alcoholic individuals without prior treatment to examine, over the long term, treatment selection processes and outcomes related to drinking and general functioning. We reported earlier on a sample of initially...

Characteristics of American-Indian Clients Seeking Inpatient Treatment for Substance Abuse.(Statistical Data Included)
July 1, 2000... ALTHOUGH THERE IS considerable variability among American-Indian (AI) tribes (Christian et al., 1989; May, 1989), substance abuse, particularly alcohol misuse, is well established as a major threat to the health and quality of life among AI...

Factors Affecting Motivation to Treatment in Severely Dependent Alcoholics(*).(Statistical Data Included)
July 1, 2000... MOTIVATION TO CHANGE is a complex, goal-oriented concept with great relevance to treatment for alcoholism. Such treatment can be seen as an intervention to enhance motivation to stop misuse (McMahon and Jones, 1992), but some initial motivation...

A Randomized Controlled Trial of Moderation-Oriented Cue Exposure(*).(Statistical Data Included)
July 1, 2000... IN SUMMARIZING "the great debate" on controlled drinking after 25 years, Sobell and Sobell (1995) reached the following two conclusions from research: (1) Recoveries of individuals who have been severely dependent on alcohol predominantly...

Alcohol Affects Processing of Ignored Stimuli in a Negative Priming Paradigm(*).(Statistical Data Included)
July 1, 2000... LABORATORY STUDIES of social drinkers have repeatedly demonstrated that moderate doses of alcohol can impair the performance of tasks that require visual attention (for reviews, see Holloway, 1995; Koelega, 1995; Mitchell, 1985). In particular,...

Screening Adolescents for Problem Drinking: Performance of Brief Screens against DSM-IV Alcohol Diagnoses(*).(Statistical Data Included)
July 1, 2000... ADOLESCENT ALCOHOL USE represents a significant public health concern due to its high prevalence and associated consequences. Estimates of the prevalence of alcohol use disorders (AUDs) among adolescents, according to DSM-III-R and DSM-IV...

Adolescent Individuation and Alcohol Use in Multi-Ethnic Youth(*).(Statistical Data Included)
July 1, 2000... THERE HAS BEEN a recent rise in substance use without a clear understanding of why this increase has occurred (Nelson et al., 1998; Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 1996). The most constructive models of adolescent...

College Student Drinking: An Examination of Theoretical Models of Drinking Tendencies in Freshmen and Upperclassmen(*).(Statistical Data Included)
July 1, 2000... HEAVY EPISODIC alcohol consumption and alcohol-related problems on our nation's campuses have been well documented (e.g., Abbey, 1991; Baer et al., 1995; Gfroerer et al., 1997; Leibsohn, 1994; Meilman et al., 1990, 1997; Prendergast, 1994;...

Psychosocial and Behavioral Factors in Early Adolescence as Predictors of Heavy Drinking among High School Seniors(*).(Statistical Data Included)
July 1, 2000... HEAVY DRINKING and alcohol-related problems are occurring among adolescents at younger ages than in the past (Barnes et al., 1997). Heavy drinking among adolescents can contribute to serious health risks (i.e., injuries, homicide, suicide) and...

Early Identification of Risk for Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure(*).(Statistical Data Included)
July 1, 2000... EARLY IDENTIFICATION of alcohol-affected infants, both those with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and those less obviously affected, could provide the opportunity for significantly improved services for both mothers and infants. Identification in...

The Effect of Screening on Prevalence Estimates of Alcohol Dependence and Social Consequences(*).(Statistical Data Included)
July 1, 2000... BECAUSE OF BUDGET CONSTRAINTS and the costs of conducting in-depth interviews to assess alcohol consumption patterns and alcohol-related problems, screener items have been used by survey researchers to identify those individuals who are at high...

Do Changes in Per Capita Consumption Mirror Changes in Drinking Patterns?(Statistical Data Included)
July 1, 2000... FOR MANY YEARS the main parameter for measuring alcohol consumption was per capita alcohol consumption, derived from sales figures for different beverages. This parameter had many advantages in that it was easy to calculate, was relatively...

Alcohol-Related Aggression in the General Population.(Statistical Data Included)
July 1, 2000... A NUMBER OF STUDIES suggest that alcohol is more likely to be involved in violent than nonviolent crime (see reviews by Graham and West, in press; Murdoch et al., 1990). Accordingly, the role of alcohol in aggressive behavior has been the focus...