AccessMyLibrary provides FREE access to over 30 million articles from top publications available through your library.

Bioscience Technology articles from November 2007

7,704 total articles

Publication serving the informational needs of life scientists in both commercial and public laboratories worldwide. Contains new product information, tools and techniques articles, and specific product focused sections.

Set up an RSS feed
Close Set up an RSS feed that alerts you when new articles from Bioscience Technology are available.
XML Add to My Yahoo! Add to My AOL Add to Google Subscribe in NewsGator
Frequently asked questions about RSS feeds
to find out when new articles for Bioscience Technology arrive.

Bioscience Technology archives from November 2007

Weathering the biomaker blizzard.
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] In the late 1800s, Samuel Siegfried Karl Ritter yon Basch invented the sphygmomanometer--the analog device most medical professionals still use to measure blood pressure. Thus came the detection and quantitation of a...

Have you, or do you plan to (in the next 24 months) automate lab processes?(SNAPSHOT)(Statistical table)(Brief article)
November 1, 2007... Pharmaceutical, Biopharmaceutical or Biotechnology Company TOTAL = 64% YES PLAN TO 50.0% 14.0% University TOTAL = 41.8% 27.0% ...

There but for the grace ...(Editor's Note)
November 1, 2007... The November 2007 issue of The Atlantic Monthly celebrates the publication's 150th anniversary with a series of essays (and graphic pieces) depicting what they call "... the American idea... ," "... its future and its greatest challenges."...

Microporation instrument.(November's Innovations)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] During microporation, genetic materials are efficiently delivered to target cells which are located within a long capillary tip. This eliminates effects such as pH variation, elevated temperature, turbulence, and...

Mouse for ADME-Tox research.(November's Innovations)
November 1, 2007... The proteins OCT1 and OCT2 are directly involved in the absorption and excretion . of food components and xenobiotic compounds in the liver, small intestine and kidney, as well as activity in other tissues such as brain, heart, stomach and...

DNA sequencing platform.(November's Innovations)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] The SOLID System DNA sequencing platform is composed of a sequencing unit, chemistry, a computing cluster and data storage. The platform is based on sequencing by oligonucleotide ligation and detection, and utilizes...

Antibody-free chromatin immunoprecipitation.(November's Innovations)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] The HaloCHIP System works without the use of antibodies and delivers results in two days. Signal-to-noise ratios are sufficient to enable sensitive detection of small changes in protein binding patterns from a...

Syringe pump.(November's Innovations)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Chemyx Fusion 100 syringe pump delivers precise, smooth flow at various rates for applications like nutrition dosing and drug delivery. The pump's graphical LCD interface displays dosing and pump operation data. An...

Multi-channel pipettor.(November's Innovations)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] EDP3 Adjustable Spacer electronic multi-channel pipettes allow easy and rapid changing of nozzle spacing between 9-14 mm (8-channel) or 9-19mm (6-channel) to accommodate work processes involving different plate and...

Automated microplate centrifuge.(November's Innovations)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] VSpin automated microplate centrifuge provides vibration and noise control in a small, low maintenance package. For high or medium throughput applications, the unit accommodates two standard microplates at a time. It...

RNA-based detection of bacteria, yeast and mold.(November's Innovations)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] The microCompass system combines technologies that target ribosomal RNA to detect bacteria, yeast and molds. Sound data is provided based on a molecular biology process that gives results in 4 hours. It can be...

How to minimize PCR cycling times using conventional instruments.(Research News)
November 1, 2007... Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. offers technical bulletin 5362, which describes how to shorten PCR run times by up to 50% using conventional PCR instruments, reagents and reaction vessels. The paper explains how most of the time savings can be...

Biosearch Technologies licenses non-coding DNA patents.(Research News)
November 1, 2007... Biosearch Technologies, Inc. (BTI) has been granted a worldwide license to the non-coding DNA patents owned by Australia-based Genetic Technologies Limited. BTI becomes the first oligonucleotide synthesis company to take a license from GTG to...

Genome sequencing center opens in Santa Fe.(Research News)
November 1, 2007... The National Center for Genome Resources (NCGR) has officially opened the New Mexico Genome Sequencing Center. The Center is capable of sequencing about 400 million bases a day, which corresponds to determining the code of life of 30 infectious...

Invitrogen and HUPO announce standard for mass spectrometry.(Research News)
November 1, 2007... Invitrogen Corp. (Carlsbad, CA), in collaboration with the Human Proteome Organization (HUPO), an international scientific organization that promotes proteomics, announced the launch of the HUPO Gold Mass Spectrometry (MS) Protein Standard...

GATC Biotech launches human genome sequencing service.(Research News)
November 1, 2007... DNA sequencing and bioinformatics company GATC Biotech (Konstanz, Germany) has announced the launch of a human genome sequencing service. GATC hopes to boost its efforts towards personalized medicine by sequencing up to 100 genomes by the end...

BioServe and DNAprint Genomics to provide clinical patient samples tagged with genetic ancestry data.(Research News)
November 1, 2007... BioServe (Laurel, MD) has formed a strategic alliance with DNAPrint Genomics, Inc. (Sarasota, FL) to provide biomedical researchers with clinical DNA samples that will include genetic ancestry data for each sample. With the added dimension of...

Microcentrifuge line.(Centrifuges Focus)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Models 5418 and 5424 microcentrifuges include standard aerosol-tight rotors that hold 18 or 24 microcentrifuge tubes, respectively. Lid design provides optimized airflow and noise reduced nearly down to background...

Blood banking centrifuge.(Centrifuges Focus)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Sorvall RC3BP Plus low-speed centrifuge is offered for blood banking, bioprocessing and general sample processing applications. The electronic lid-latching system provides ease-of-use, while the operator interface...

Refrigerated microcentrifuge.(Centrifuges Focus)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Z216 MK microcentrifuge features a brushless induction motor that spins samples at speeds up to 21,380 x g. A quick-COOL feature cools down the rotor chamber in minutes. Six rotor options maximize flexibility and...

Super-speed centrifuge.(Centrifuges Focus)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] The Z36 HK centrifuge provides speeds up to 30,000 rpm (65,390 x g) and nine available rotor options. The unit has a large LCD display and an adjustment knob that makes it easy to set all operating parameters. These...

What is electrodeionization? EDI is a process that acts to remove charged species from a solution.(Apparatus & Consumables)
November 1, 2007... As analytical processes evolve and the pursuit of lower detection limits in the determination of trace contaminants develops, the call for water purification processes for the small scale production of highly purified and cost effective water...

Laboratory water system.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... Utilizing a combination of high flux reverse osmosis membranes with proven EDI (electrodeionization) technology, the compact Arium 61215 EDI is capable of producing highly purified water at up to 15 M[OMEGA] x cm with TOG levels less than 30...

Decontamination packaging solution.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... Designed to remove RNase and DNA contamination from pipettors, glassware, plasticware and most metal surfaces, RNase AWAY and DNA AWAY wipes are made for easy access and use. Small enough to fit in any laboratory coat pocket, the wipes'...

Patch clamp amplifier.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] At 35 fA (open circuit, 1 kHz filtering), the PC-505B is a low-noise, resistive feedback patch clamp amplifier. It features Series R compensation from 0-100 M and access resistance correction up to 90%. Warner...

96, 384-well PCR plates.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Designed for high throughput polymerase chain reaction assays, Bid-Dot PCR plates are compatible with the majority of 96-block and 384-block PCR and sequencing instruments. Manufactured from medical-grade...

Dusting system, microfiber wipers.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... Dusting System provides effective dusting of a variety of surfaces in a laboratory, including under, over and around surfaces, shelves and equipment. The system features a duster head with 380,000 soft, flexible, dust-trapping polyester fibers...

Fluorescence filter sets.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Designed for comfortable visual analysis as well as accuracy in automated, high-throughput measurement systems, BrightLine FISH filters perform fast analyses, ensure accurate diagnoses, and provide reliable and...

Disposable UV-transparent cuvettes for DNA/RNA.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] BRAND UV-Cuvettes are available individually wrapped and independently certified to be free of DNA, DNase and RNase for of samples. Disposable cuvettes eliminate the need for washing and the risk of sample carryover...

Needle valve.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... NV3 series ultra-miniature needle valve provides precision flow metering in a package smaller than a penny. An ultra-miniature M3 metric thread and integral hose barb minimize size. The needle valve can be specified in brass or 303 Stainless...

Hot plates, stirrers, stirring hot plates.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] These units feature 30.48 cm square heater tops in a choice of ceramic or milled-flat cast aluminum. Temperature ranges up to 450 C with stirring of aqueous solutions up to 10 liters from 100 to 1500 rpm. The units...

Blowdown evaporator.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] GreenHouse Blowdown Evaporator safely removs solvents from samples in tubes, vials and microplates, from up to 24 samples in parallel. Evaporating solvent ia maintained in an enclosed system, allowing trapping and...

Large capacity glassware washers.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Hotpack washers offer a spray arch water delivery system that ensures a thorough washing and rinsing process. This feature projects an efficient vertical "wall of water" equally across the entire chamber. Separate...

Parallel reaction station.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Orbit parallel reaction system is part of the Atlas family of products, an intelligent, modular automated synthesis system. The compact Orbit module readily fits the Atlas hotplate, hot and cold circulator plate, or...

Overhead stirrer.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] The Radleys IS6 Tornado system simultaneously stirrs up to six round-bottomed flasks for use with the 6-place Carousel Reaction Station. Features include: stirring of viscous samples and dispersion of solids in...

Pressure reaction vessel.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... PRV high temperature kits provide a convenient way to prevent "meltdown." All coupling materials provide durability and performance in high temperature applications. The standard polyethylene insert has been replaced by a PTFE insert. The...

Spill and leak detector.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... The OS-250 system detects spills and leaks with as little as three drops of liquid. The system consists of a moisture sensing mat and control unit. The mat is connected to the control unit by a simple connection cable. When liquid is detected...

Micro-slide for cell fusion.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] The Meander Fuzsion Chamber generates a divergent field and is used for the fusion of mammalian cells, plant, yeast, fungi and micro-organisms. The product is constructed of a conductive metal alloy that has been...

Accessory for UV/Vis spectrophotometers.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Used in DNA and protein applications, the cuvette-sized nanoVette micoliter accessory for the Beckman Coulter DU 800 and DU 730 UV/Vis spectrophotometers accepts sample sizes as small as 0.7 [micro]L and is offered...

Solid phase extraction system.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] The MaxiLute 48-well system can repeatedly and precisely process up to 200 ml of sample in one run. Based upon a standard SBS/ANSI microplate format, it is easily automated. Constructed from a single piece of molded...

Ultrasonic processor.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Sonicator 4000 features digital processing and touch-screen control. Output amplitude is controlled from 0-100% giving high resolution and the ability to pinpoint the amplitude needed to effectively process samples....

CO2 incubators for hypoxic, hyperoxic studies.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... Innova C[O.sub.2] incubators are offered with three oxygen control options. Oxygen concentrations from 0.1-19% can be sustained to mimic in-vivo environmental conditions for applications ranging from stern cell research to oncology and in-vitro...

Sample preparation, purification system.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Purific fractionation system performs sample injection and fraction collection. Dual arms prevent cross-contamination. Collection is performed in up to 1000 test tubes in semi-prep mode, or 24 microplates for...

Freezing point osmometer.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... High throughput Multi-Sample 20G osmometer measures 96 samples in about 35 minutes. Designed to automate lab work and reduce the time for cell culture process optimization, the instrument incorporates eight computer controlled osmometers and a...

Micro-incubation chamber.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] The DH-40i incubation chamber is designed for imaging live cells at the required temperature and atmospheric conditions, and is offered for such applications as high resolution image analysis, fluorescence microscopy...

Web-based environmental monitor.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... The iSE environmental monitor provides Web-based remote surveillance of environmental conditions in critical HVAC applications such as laboratories and clean rooms, as well as in critical refrigeration and cold chain applications. Users can...

Valve-less dispensing pump.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... In addition to being accurate, this pump features a valveless design having only one moving part. Sapphire-hard ceramic internal components resist wear and provide millions of dispenses without downtime for routine" maintenance. Fluid...

Isometric transducers measure tissue contraction.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] F-Series transducers measure force in small contractile tissues. The standard Model F30 features excellent resolution of [+ or -] 2 mg over a useful force range of [+ or -] 30 g ([+ or -] 0.3 N). The Model F10 has a...

Reinforced silicone hose.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... APSM reinforced silicone hose is offered in custom colors for applications involving elevated pressure levels. The hose is constructed of a core of low volatile, platinum-cured silicone for purity. The core is then wrapped in four layers of...

CMOS camera.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... The Falcon 1.4M100 is a 1.4 mega pixel area camera that delivers 100 frames per second at full resolution in an ultra-compact body. It is ideal for applications in electronics manufacturing and semiconductor inspection which require faster...

Single, multi-channel electronic pipettors.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... Vision hand-held, single and multi-channel electronic pipettors feature a Touch Wheel controller for menu navigation. They units provide fast volume selection, a large customizable, multi- pipettor, Bluetooth wireless PC connectivity, and...

Sample concentrators.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] CentriVap Centrifugal Concentrators, RapidVap Evaporators and FreeZone Freeze Dryers are offered for sample concentration and utilize methods including vacuum concentration, nitrogen blow down and lyophilization. A...

Shaker utilizes undulating motion.(Blotting, Gel Analysis Focus)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] The Belly Dancer shaker utilizes an undulating motion for use in the multiple stainings and washings involved in gel and blotting techniques. Agitation is gentle and efficient. Combining vertical and horizontal...

Automated image analyzer.(Blotting, Gel Analysis Focus)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] G:BOX Chemi XL automated image analyzer is well-suited to producing precise images of Western blots labeled with any Qdot color. The system features a high resolution (5.5 megapixel, digital zoom), 16-bit CCD cooled...

Large capacity hybridization oven.(Blotting, Gel Analysis Focus)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] For hybridization and incubation applications including Northern and Southern blots and microarrays, the Big Shot III has a PID controller that provides rapid heating and temperature stability from 10 to 100 C. A...

NMR-based metabolomics studies: from class separation to biological significance: chemometrics tools integrated with a spectroscopy data management and analysis platform provide efficient interpretation of NMR data.(Instruments & Systems)
November 1, 2007... Introduction Over the past ten years, metabolomics has emerged as a major investigative technology in fields such as vegetal and animal biology, toxicology, drug discovery, disease diagnostics, and others. Confusingly, metabolomics and...

Software for laser scanning microscopes.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] The ZEN 2007 user interface is clearly structured and flexible, allowing it to be tailored to each experiment and user. The Professional-Basic concept of ZEN reduces the complexity of the interface without decreasing...

Cylinder gas tracking.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... CISPro Global and CISPro Live Chemical Inventory Systems perform real-time tracking of cylinder gas in inventory, providing complete continuous accountability of all cylinders any time, anywhere. All inventory, from chemicals to instruments to...

PCR, RT-PCR products.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... This fast-cycling PCR kit enables highly specific PCR in just 30 minutes on any thermal cycler. Ready-to-use master mix contains HotStarTaq Plus DNA Polymerase, Fast Cycling PCR Buffer, and dNTPs. The kit is also supplied with CoralLoad Fast...

Automated benchtop microplate management.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... A suite of standalone benchtop systems is available for automated plate handling, sealing, piercing, storage, centrifugation and bar code printing. The BenchCel Microplate Handling System is a high up to three peripheral instruments. The...

Protein electrophoresis.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] The Mini-PROTEAN Tetra electrophoresis system offers leak-free hand casting and can run up to four hand-cast or precast SDS-PAGE mini-gels simultaneously. Interchangeable module design allows the tank to be used for...

Internet HPC utility.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... Network.com is a one-stop utility for delivering high-performance computing (HPC) over the Internet. Users have access to supercomputing resources for an all-inclusive price per CPU-hr, and can securely publish grid-ready ISV applications. The...

Measurement of Second Virial Coefficient.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... Static Light Scattering (SLS) method for measuring the Second Virial Coefficient (A2) uses Wyatt Technology's DAWN and mini-DAWN light scattering and Optilab rEX instruments. The Second Virial coefficient (A2) is a thermodynamic parameter used...

Laser microdissection system.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... PALM MicroBeam IV is a system cleanly extracts even the smallest biomaterials from heterogeneous tissue and cell colonies. The Laser Microdissection and Pressure Catapulting (LMPC) process at the core of the system provides a pure and...

Cell Impedance System.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Electric Cell-substrate Impedance Sensing (ECIS) 800 system provides a method for performing real time cell monitoring, electroporation, and wounding. The system measures change in impedance of a small electrode to...

Autosampler.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Vortex autosampler consists of an integrated autosampling device and multi-stirrer and is designed to increase efficiency, enhance precision and promote operator safety. The temperature controlled, heated (up to 150...

MicroRNA assay for gene expression profiling.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... MicroRNA assay for gene expression profiling allows rapid and reproducible miRNA expression profiling. By developing a high-density expression array with content from the miRBase Sequence Database, the tool will help researchers understand the...

Electronic notebook.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... E-WorkBook Suite 7.1, comprised of E-WorkBook, BioBook and ChemBook, automates data capture and storage. Data, information and knowledge is captured in a secure infrastructure, promoting regulatory compliance and efficiency. Combined with...

Insect cell transfection.(Transfection/Translation Focus)
November 1, 2007... Insect GeneJuice Transfection Reagent (EMD, Madison, WI) is a liposome formulation optimized for maximum transfection efficiency and extremely low toxicity with Sf9, S21 and High Five (Invitrogen Corp., Carlsbad, CA) insect cells. The reagent...

In vitro protein expression.(Transfection/Translation Focus)
November 1, 2007... The Rapid TranslationSystem (RTS) is a scalable, cell-free platform that produces large amounts of pro-tein for characterization studies, functional assays, or structural analysis. It eliminates the need forup- and down-stream steps (e.g., host...

Transfection kit.(Transfection/Translation Focus)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] TransIT-HeLaMONSTER Transfection Kit maximizes transfection performance in HeLa and related cells. Reduced levels of cell damage provide physiologically relevant data; the phenotype observed is the result of the...

Transfection kit for mouse dendritic cells.(Transfection/Translation Focus)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] The Nucleofector Kit and two new 96-well Shuttle Kits are tailored for use in transfection of mouse dendritic cells, and enable researchers to investigate the function of these important immune cells. Using...

Recombinant protein expression, purification and detection: rapid, specific purification is achieved by a single affinity chromatography step.(Biochemicals & Kits)
November 1, 2007... Introduction Polypeptide epitope tags fused to recombinant proteins facilitate studies of protein expression and function by providing simple methods for purification and detection of fusion proteins when target protein-specific antibodies...

Chemiluminescent detection kit.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Immun-Star WesternC kit offers intense, 24-hour signal emission and mid-femtogram sensitivity. The kit takes advantage of a CCD imager's ability for instant image capture and offers a long signal half-life to allow...

FFPE RNA purification.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... The miRNeasy FFPE Kit enables purification of total RNA that includes miRNA and other small RNA from approximately 18 nucleotides upwards, from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections including laser capture microscopy samples....

Real-time multiplex PCR-based virus assay.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... CE Marked ProFlu + Assay rapidly and accurately detects Influenza A virus, Influenza B virus and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) in a single reaction. Clinical trial sites have reported that the technology makes the detection process easy to...

Coated magnetic particles.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Seradyn Sera-Mag SpeedBeads NeutrAvidin magnetic particles have a biotin-binding capacity of 3500 to 4500 pmol/mg and offer an alternative to the company's Streptavidin-coated SpeedBeads. When non-specific binding is...

Basement membrane extract.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... The PathClear designation in HC20 + basement membrane extract indicates that in addition to standard sterility, endotoxin and MAP testing, the BME is tested by PCR and is clear of a battery of 31 pathogens and viruses, including LDEV, which...

Stem cell culture matrix.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Extracel-HP hydrogel, a hyaluronan-based, synthetic extracellular matrix containing catalytic amounts of cross-linked heparin. The heparin permits slow, continuous release of growth factors incorporated in the...

Neurite outgrowth assay.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... This assay uses high content screening for imaging and analysis of neurite outgrowth and neuronal cell morphology. Validated, target-specific detection reagents provide profiling in species, including human, mouse and rat. Large scale screening...

Membrane phosphatase substrates.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] RedPhos Membrane Phosphatase Substrate is a colorimetric phosphatase substrate useful in immunoblotting and dot blot procedures. It produces a strong red reaction product with sensitivity in the low nanogram range,...

Expression analysis detection kits.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] TC-FlAsH Analysis Detection Kits provide ingel detection of protein expression without requiring any post-electrophoresis gel staining or handling. Green fluorescent FlAsH-EDT2 reagent is used to directly label...

siRNA Transfection System.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... N-TER Nanoparticle siRNA Transfection System relies on a stable nanoparticle, formed by the blending of siRNA and the N-TER peptide, to quickly enter into the cell's cytoplasm to deliver its siRNA cargo. N-TER allows researchers to reproducibly...

Neonatal Rat Cardiac Myocytes.(Product News)
November 1, 2007... Clonetics Neonatal Rat Cardiac Myocytes are available for use in cardiovascular and toxicological research. These cryopreserved cells offer functional, beating cardiac myocytes upon thaw, at the user's convenience. Cardiac myocytes provide...

More articles from Bioscience Technology: 1 | 2
©2009 Gale, a part of Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
About us | FAQs | Contact us | Privacy policy | Terms and conditions
Other Gale sites: Encyclopedia.com | HighBeam Research | Acquire Content | Books & Authors | Goliath | MovieRetriever | Smart QandA