Industrial and Labor Relations Review articles from October 1996

Industrial and Labor Relations Review archives from October 1996

A review of the recent empirical literature on displaced workers.
October 1, 1996... The problems of displaced workers continue to interest researchers, policy-makers, and the public. Displacement is perceived to add to structural unemployment, disrupt lives, foil hard-earned expectations, waste human resources, and pile the...

Job creation and job destruction in Great Britain in the 1980s.
October 1, 1996... Economists have long studied net changes in employment, but only lately have they turned their attention to gross flows. Typically, in this work they have set out to characterize the empirical properties of gross job flows. Perhaps the most...

Commitment, quits, and work organization in Japanese and U.S. plants.
October 1, 1996... Ronald Dore's classic British Factory, Japanese Factory (1973) remains the most complete model of how styles of work organization produced a "commitment gap" between the Japanese and Anglo-American employment systems. Dore depicted welfare...

Employee stock ownership and corporate performance among public companies.
October 1, 1996... Employee ownership received substantial attention in Western economies in the 1970s and 1980s. During that time, employee ownership of stock in U.S. companies became widespread. An estimated 10.8 million employees in 1991, spread across 10,000...

Railroad deregulation: pricing reforms, shipper responses, and the effects on labor.
October 1, 1996... Between 1975 and 1983, Congress fundamentally altered the system of transportation regulation in the United States. One reform, the Staggers Rail Act of 1980, gave railroads new flexibility to set rates and provide services. The Act's provisions...

Do injured workers pay for reasonable accommodation?
October 1, 1996... Issues associated with disabilities at the workplace are receiving increased policy attention. At the international level, the period 1983-92 was declared the Decade of Disabled Persons by the United Nations. In the United States, the Americans...

Using event history analysis to model delay in grievance arbitration.
October 1, 1996... A persistent criticism of grievance arbitration is that far too much time elapses between the filing of the grievance and the rendering of a decision by an arbitrator. Such criticism strikes at the heart of the modern North American grievance...

The effect of government-mandated benefits on youth employment.
October 1, 1996... Recent years have witnessed persistently high rates of youth unemployment. For example, in 1993 the unemployment rate for all youths aged 16-19 was 19%, and for black teenagers it was 39% (U.S. Bureau of the Census 1994). The 1993 figures are not...

Matching and mobility in the market for Australian rules football coaches.
October 1, 1996... Substantial mobility between jobs and firms characterizes most workers' employment careers. For example, Hall (1982) found that in the United States the typical worker's career involved employment in 11 different jobs. To explain observed...

The Workers of Nations: Industrial Relations in a Global Economy.
October 1, 1996... Labor-Management Relations This collection of essays, arising out of a 1992 conference, examines how "economic globalization" is affecting workers and industrial relations in the advanced industrial societies. The volume implicitly pitches...

Lawyers Against Labor: From Individual Rights to Corporate Liberalism.
October 1, 1996... Labor and Employment Law Historians of the twentieth-century American labor movement have long pitched most of their tents on the New Deal. Some, indeed, have spent their whole lives camped there, for the period's "founding" (or "re-birth")...

Tragedies of Our Own Making: How Private Choices Have Created Public Bankruptcy.
October 1, 1996... Income and Social Security and Substandard Working Conditions Family structure - a usually forbidden topic that, nevertheless, impinges on virtually every element of domestic social policy in the United States - is the central concern of this...

The Work Alternative: Welfare Reform and the Realities of the Job Market.
October 1, 1996... Despite President Clinton's pledge, as of this writing (June 1996), welfare as we have known it has not yet ended. The Administration's efforts to effect that change, however, stimulated considerable activity among welfare experts, including a...

Working from the Margins: Voices of Mothers in Poverty.
October 1, 1996... Single mothers are perhaps the most publicized but least understood among the current losers in our economy. They are typically on the receiving end of policy reforms premised on the belief that welfare causes poverty. This interpretation,...

The New Modern Times: Factors Reshaping the World of Work.
October 1, 1996... Some of the central issues of our times concern changes in the world of work - changes in the nature of work throughout history, work's most important features, its future directions. These issues are the subject of David Bills's The New Modern...

Remaking the Italian Economy.
October 1, 1996... Few countries pose greater explanatory challenges for comparative political economy than contemporary Italy. As Richard Locke eloquently demonstrates in this stimulating book, Italy lacks most of the national institutional features commonly...

Sex Discrimination in the Labor Market: The Case for Comparable Worth.
October 1, 1996... In this book, Perlman and Pike briefly discuss sex discrimination in the labor market and make the case for comparable worth (CW) as a potential remedy for the resulting gender wage gap. Chapter 1 summarizes the issues examined and conclusions...

Racism and the Labour Market: Historical Studies.
October 1, 1996... These essays on the relation between racism and labor market behavior were first presented at a September 1991 conference organized by the International Institute of Social History in Amsterdam in cooperation with the Stichting Historische...

White Collar Blues: Management Loyalties in an Age of Corporate Restructuring.
October 1, 1996... Charles Heckscher's White Collar Blues is a timely analysis of the tumultuous changes facing managers in the 1990s and beyond. Based on 250 field interviews across fourteen divisions of eight corporations in various stages of restructuring, the...

Employment Relations and the Social Sciences.
October 1, 1996... Although industrial relations has always been a relatively applied, empirically oriented field of study, attempts have been made over the years to give it a theoretical base. The first comprehensive effort in this direction was John Dunlop's...

Differences and Changes in Wage Structures.
October 1, 1996... Over recent years the United States has experienced rising earnings inequality and a "massive twist" against less skilled workers. In that context, this important volume aims to answer three questions. First, has this pattern been unique to the...

Labor Relations and Political Change in Eastern Europe: A Comparative Perspective.
October 1, 1996... This book is the first to examine in a broad international comparative perspective the recent trends in post-communist labor relations. It includes studies of labor relations in Bulgaria, the Czech and Slovak republics, Hungary, Poland, and...

Negotiating Competitiveness: Employment Relations and Organizational Innovation in Germany and the United States.
October 1, 1996... This is a fine book that addresses important issues of firm, work force, and economy-wide competitiveness in contemporary Germany and the United States. The author takes a nonsectarian, holistic, and highly instructive approach. Rather than...

Race, Class, and Community in Southern Labor History.
October 1, 1996... The essays in this volume are drawn from papers delivered at the Seventh Southern Labor Studies Conference, which took place in October 1991 at Georgia State University. As is often the case in edited volumes, these essays do not add up to a...

Divided Loyalties: The Public and Private Life of Labor Leader John Mitchell.
October 1, 1996... Arguably no one, not even Samuel Gompers, who headed the American Federation of Labor for nearly four decades, did more to define the role of union leader during the formative years of American labor than did John Mitchell. Mitchell, who led the...

American Artisans: Crafting Social Identity, 1750-1850.
October 1, 1996... Since their revival in the late 1960s, studies of early American artisans have accentuated the key importance of those "elite" workers to our understanding of such major labor history questions as the transition from pre-industrialism to...