Industrial and Labor Relations Review articles from January 1994

Industrial and Labor Relations Review archives from January 1994

How common is workplace transformation and who adopts it?
January 1, 1994... The author, using data on 694 U.S. manufacturing establishments from a 1992 survey, examines the incidence of innovative work practices (teams,job rotation, quality circles, and Total Quality Management) and investigates what variables,...

The empirical relations between employers' striker replacement strategies and strike duration.
January 1, 1994... This analysis of General Accounting Office survey data on strikes in 1985 and 1989 shows that employers' permanent replacement of striking workers was associated with longer strikes than would otherwise have occurred. Furthermore, the authors...

The effect of accelerated certification procedures on union organizing success in Ontario.
January 1, 1994... Several observers have argued that one reason for higher union density in Canada than in the United States is that union certification procedures are considerably less time-consuming in Canada. This study tests that claim through an analysis of...

Gender and union organizing.
January 1, 1994... Analyzing survey and interview data gathered in 1990 and 1991, the author assesses the influence of worker gender on the union organizing philosophy and strategies adopted by union organizing directors and field organizers. The results suggest...

The effect on black-white wage differences of differences in the quantity and quality of education.
January 1, 1994... Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth for the years 1979-88, the author examines the extent to which black-white differences in educational attainment, educational quality, and unmeasured individual ability can explain...

Black immigrants in the United States: a comparison with native Blacks and other immigrants.
January 1, 1994... This analysis of 1980 Census data shows that in 1979 immigrant black men had higher employment rates than native-born black men, but the wages of employed members of the two groups were nearly the same. Further, the wage differences that did...

The determinants of grievance initiation. (Canada)
January 1, 1994... The author estimates a behavioral model of grievance initiation with 1990 survey data on 1,205 work groups in Canada. The behaviors of supervisors, employees, and shop stewards - such as the degree to which supervisors emphasized productivity...

Shareholder risk and returns in union and nonunion firms.
January 1, 1994... This study examines shareholder risk and rates of return in union and nonunion companies in 1973-87. Shareholder risk declined with the extent of union coverage in the 1970s, and returns were lower among highly unionized companies than among...

The effects of minimum wages on wage dispersion and employment: evidence from the U.K. wages councils.
January 1, 1994... Using data on Wages Council coverage from the United Kingdom New Earnings Survey, the authors examine the impact of mandated minimum wages on wage dispersion and employment in the United Kingdom in the 1980s. They find evidence that a dramatic...

Work and Democracy in Socialist Cuba.
January 1, 1994... This fine study of democracy in production relations in Cuba compares the 1960s with the period from 1970 to the mid-1980s. The author draws on worksite observations and open-ended interviews with workers in Cuba conducted in 1982 and 1983; on...

Labor Struggle in the Post Office: From Selective Lobbying to Collective Bargaining.
January 1, 1994... In this era of union decline, organized labor at the U.S. Postal Service has fared relatively well. The Postal Service has not been thrown open to competition in the wholesale way that AT&T was a decade ago, and the two main postal unions, the...

The Business of Professional Sports.(Brief Article)
January 1, 1994... The 13 papers in this book address an aspect of professional sports that is not often discussed: sports as industry. The authors focus on the business decisions made by employers (owners), employees (players), and customers (fans), as well as...

Negotiating the Future: A Labor Perspective on American Business.
January 1, 1994... On the back cover of this book, Bill Clinton, then Governor of Arkansas, tells us that "the Bluestones offer a New Covenant for labor and management based on participation, cooperation, and teamwork. Such an approach to working smarter will...

Reviving the American Dream: The Economy, the States, and the Federal Government.
January 1, 1994... With this book, Alice Rivlin joins the growing list of distinguished economists writing about how to fix America. Among this group, Rivlin takes the middle of the road. She is more optimistic tic than those who think that this is as good as it...

Comparable Worth: Theories and Evidence.
January 1, 1994... In this book, Paula England presents a rich interdisciplinary analysis of the devaluation of women's work and the use of comparable worth policies to correct for this devaluation. In separate chapters, England sifts through an expansive array...

U.S.-Mexico Relations: Labor Market Interdependence.
January 1, 1994... The proposed North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) has focused a tremendous amount of attention on economic relations between Mexico and the United States. As has become increasingly obvious, NAFTA would only formalize a process of...

The New Politics of Poverty: The Nonworking Poor in America.
January 1, 1994... Political scientist Lawrence Mead has emerged as one of the best-known conservative analysts of poverty policy in the United States today. His most recent book, The New Politics of Poverty, is a cogent and well-written presentation of his views...

Worker Protection, Japanese Style: Occupational Safety and Health in the Auto Industry.
January 1, 1994... This book is an informative and interesting study of safety and health at a Japanese automobile bile manufacturer (Mazda) and its American subsidiary. The author's principal goal is to examine "Japan's institutional arrangements and practices...

Alcoholism and Drug Abuse in the Workplace: Managing Care and Costs Through Employee Assistance Programs, 2d ed.
January 1, 1994... In the preface to this book, Scanlon warns the reader that his bias in favor of employee assistance programs (EAPs) as a device for assisting troubled employees will be apparent. He is true to his word. A reading of the book leaves no doubt...

Job Accessibility and the Employment and School Enrollment of Teenagers.
January 1, 1994... The high rate of joblessness among minority youths, especially those who are not enrolled in school, is a central concern of all policy makers and social scientists who wish to improve the well-being of minority Americans. This concern stems...

Reframing Organizations: Artistry, Choice and Leadership.
January 1, 1994... Rare indeed is the organizational behavior text that manages to strike a workable (to say nothing of illuminating) balance between theory and practice. Theoretical overviews too often lack grounding in the empirical world of organizational...

Tournament of Lawyers: The Transformation of the Big Law Firm.
January 1, 1994... In this book, Galanter and Palay describe the corporate law firm as it has grown and changed in the past century. They attempt to explain how large law firms have transformed from professionally oriented firms into big businesses. In doing so...

Managing the Shopfloor: Subjectivity, Masculinity, and Workplace Culture.(Brief Article)
January 1, 1994... This carefully constructed ethnography of a British truck manufacturing plant in many ways succeeds, as Collinson writes, in making "a theoretical and empirical contribution to the growing literature concerned with power and subjectivity in...

Public Productivity Handbook.(Brief Article)
January 1, 1994... Marc Holzer's intent in this book - to provide a systematic, detailed approach to the concept and movement that can be broadly labeled "public productivity improvement" - is largely realized. He succeeds remarkably well in balancing breadth of...

Work, Families, and Organizations.
January 1, 1994... Social and demographic shifts have left families scrambling to find ways to manage the complexity of work and family demands, and inhospitable and dysfunctional workplaces and social policies make such adjustment difficult. Problems related to...

Public Employee Compensation and Its Role in Public Sector Senior Strategic Management.
January 1, 1994... In Siegel's preface to this book, he indicates that he associates public sector strategic management with greater diversity and faster changes in organizational missions and goals than are found in the private sector. Optimal employee...

Labor Relations in Education: An International Perspective.(Brief Article)
January 1, 1994... In this book Bruce Cooper has brought together studies of teacher collective bargaining in 15 countries. Each study describes the subject country's educational system, gives a brief history of its employee organizations, describes their legal...

Employment Security and Labor Market Flexibility: An International Perspective.
January 1, 1994... In recent years companies in all developed countries have faced similar pressures to reduce labor costs in response to recession, trade competition, and other structural factors. But how companies reduce labor costs - through wage reductions,...

Pension Policy: An International Perspective.
January 1, 1994... Private pensions are an important income source for the elderly in the United States. As private pension plans have grown in size, however, more and more problems related to their equity and efficiency have emerged. How to overcome these...

Soft Coal, Hard Choices: The Economic Welfare of Bituminous Coal Miners, 1890-1930.
January 1, 1994... Were coal miners in the early 1900s the industrial relations equivalent of 10-stone weaklings, having sand regularly kicked in their faces by bullying mine operators, or were they independent decision-makers who used mechanisms of exit and...

We Will Rise in Our Might: Working Women's Voices from Nineteenth-Century New England.(Brief Article)
January 1, 1994... This collection not only vividly recovers the voices of New England female shoeworkers, it achieves something rare in a book of documents: it provides both a coherent narrative and a persuasive analytical framework. Mary Blewitt's incisive...

Feminism in the Labor Movement: Women and the United Auto Workers, 1935-1975.
January 1, 1994... As indicated in the first part of this book's title, Hamalengwa seeks to outline workers, struggles in Zambia in the past 100 years. His major conclusion is that workers and their unions, through class struggles, have made positive...

Class Struggles in Zambia: 1889-1899, and the Fall of Kenneth Kaunda, 1990-1991.
January 1, 1994... As indicated in the first part of this book's title, Hamalengwa seeks to outline workers, struggles in Zambia in the past 100 years. His major conclusion is that workers and their unions, through class struggles, have made positive...