Industrial and Labor Relations Review articles from April 1995

Industrial and Labor Relations Review archives from April 1995

Union de-recognition and declining union density in Britain.(Union Decline in Britain)
April 1, 1995... In the years 1979-90 the union movement in Britain declined by more than three million members, with union density falling from some 53% to 40% of all employees (Metcalf 1993:41). This decline has been attributed, at least in part, to management...

British unions in decline: determinants of the 1980s fall in union recognition.(Union Decline in Britain)
April 1, 1995... Declining unionization was one of the most significant features of the British labor market in the 1980s. All conventional measures of union presence and power vividly demonstrate the extent of this decline. The proportion of British...

Changes in the structure and quality of jobs in the United States: effects by race and gender, 1973-1990.
April 1, 1995... Changes in the mix of "good" and "bad" jobs are widely believed to have contributed to the declining economic status of low-skilled workers in the past decade. One of the popular propositions of the 1980s was that good middle-class jobs were...

The salary effect of faculty unionism in Canada.
April 1, 1995... The incidence of faculty unionism is much greater in Canada than in the United States. Of the 50 independent, non-vocational universities belonging to the Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada (AUCC), 44 are obligated to bargain over...

Managing work disability: why first return to work is not a measure of success.
April 1, 1995... It is usually assumed that a return to work represents a successful end to an episode of work disability. The return to work measure has been used for many years by vocational rehabilitation agencies and is an increasingly popular measure of the...

Explaining black-white wage convergence, 1940-1950.
April 1, 1995... The 1940s were a decade of unusually rapid narrowing of wage differentials between black and white workers. According to Smith and Welch (1989:526), the black-to-white ratio of average weekly wages for adult men increased by 24% between 1940 and...

Following in her footsteps? Faculty gender composition and women's choices of college majors.(Symposium: Role Models in Education)
April 1, 1995... In recent years, considerable concern has been expressed over the dearth of female scientists and engineers in the United States. This concern has focused attention on the fact that female college undergraduates are much less likely than their...

Changes in women's majors from entrance to graduation at women's and coeducational colleges.(Symposium: Role Models in Education)
April 1, 1995... Every investigation of fields of study, for students from the 1950s through the 1980s, reports that the distribution over majors differs between the sexes. Most evidence also shows that the content as well as the amount of a person's education...

Do female faculty influence female students' educational and labor market attainments?(Symposium: Role Models in Education)
April 1, 1995... There is a growing concern that the percentage of female faculty at U.S. colleges and universities is too low. University hiring practices have been influenced by this worry. A recent article in the New York Times (1993) emphasized this issue,...

The effect of attending historically black colleges and universities on future wages of black students. (Symposium: Role Models in Education)
April 1, 1995... One of the few uncontroversial statements that can be made about historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs) is that they have played an important role in educating blacks in the United States. Throughout much of their histories, HBCUs...

Do teachers' race, gender, and ethnicity matter? Evidence from the national educational longitudinal study of 1988.(Symposium: Role Models in Education)
April 1, 1995... Why should public school systems aggressively pursue policies to recruit and retain teachers from under-represented groups? In part, these policies derive from distributional considerations and the desire to provide employment opportunities for...

The effects of gender composition in academic departments on faculty turnover.(Symposium: Role Models in Education)
April 1, 1995... Affirmative action policies in higher education institutions rest on the basic premise that "a court order to `cease and desist' from some harmful activity may not be sufficient to undo the harm already done or even to prevent additional harm as...

Collective Bargaining as an Instrument of Social Change.
April 1, 1995... The subject of this book concerns the current debate over the future direction of the U.S. labor movement in general, and unions' position regarding labor-management participative efforts in particular. The author begins from the premise that...

Decentralization of Collective Bargaining: An Analysis of Recent Experience in the UK.
April 1, 1995... This book provides a rich account of the causes and consequences of the recent decentralization of collective bargaining in the United Kingdom through industry case studies carried out in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Three of the industries...

Labour Legislation and Public Policy: A Contemporary History.
April 1, 1995... In relation to North American and continental European economies, until the 1980s social policy in Britain was noteworthy for the centrality given to voluntary collective bargaining as an instrument for providing industrial democracy and the...

Bargaining with the State.
April 1, 1995... Bargaining with the State may be construed as a passionate rebuttal to Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr.'s famous aphorism, "The life of the law has not been logic: it has been experience." For Richard Epstein, a leading member of the Chicago law and...

The Contentious Alliance: Trade Unions and the Labour Party.
April 1, 1995... The relationship between trade unions and the British Labour Party, as Lewis Minkin points out, has no direct parallel elsewhere in the international labor movement. While unions are collectively affiliated to labor or social democratic parties...

Agenda for Reform: The Future of Employment Relationships and the Law.
April 1, 1995... There is a certain exclusive category of books - profiles in Courage being the leading example - whose authorship tends to nudge critical evaluation toward a psycho-analytic search for motives. The circumstances surrounding the 1993 release of...

Working Under Different Rules.
April 1, 1995... Use of the international comparative method to improve understanding of domestic trends is undergoing a revival. Notable in this important endeavor is a National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) project under the direction of Richard B. Freeman...

Ageing and Economic Welfare.
April 1, 1995... This book discusses the demography of aging, with an examination of both the dynamic process of population aging and the static demographic characteristics of the current aged population in Great Britain. The old age dependency ratio (the number...

Balancing Work and Caregiving for Children, Adults and Elders.(Brief Article)
April 1, 1995... Balancing Work and Caregiving for Children, Adults, and Elders is the most complete and informative book on caregiving I have read. It has a combination of attributes not found, to my knowledge, in any other text on caregiving. It looks not only...

The Future of Pensions in the United States.
April 1, 1995... For at least two reasons, the financial well-being of retirees in the future will depend on their participation in employer-sponsored pension plans today. First, retirees with pensions tend to have more income than those without; and second,...

The Global Economic Mismatch: High Technology and Low Pay.(Brief Article)
April 1, 1995... In this book Henry Schechter attempts to show that global economic forces are producing a mismatch between aggregate demand and supply; that is, that ever-lower wages will retard demand worldwide and result in surpluses of goods produced by...

The New American Workplace: Transforming Work Systems in the United States.
April 1, 1995... This book promises the reader three things: (1) a comparative analysis of international models for work reorganization; (2) a meta-analysis of survey data and case studies on "high performance work systems" (and their constituent pieces); and (3)...

Essays on the Economics of Education.
April 1, 1995... This book consists of six papers that were presented at a lecture series at Western Michigan University in 1991-92. The contributors include such distinguished researchers as Henry Levin, Lee Hansen, and Eric Hanushek. The scope of the book is...

The Double Games of Participation: Pay, Performance and Culture.
April 1, 1995... This book is Marcel Bolle de Bal's attempt to summarize his lifetime research and thinking on the topic of pay for performance, or what he refers to as the "sociology of remuneration." The "double games of participation" referred to in the title...

In Labor's Cause: Main Themes on the History of the American Worker.
April 1, 1995... A pioneer in the evolution of the new labor history, David Brody has remained loyal to the traditional concerns of labor scholarship - the trade union as an institution, the worker-employer relationship, the role of the state - while displaying a...

Labor Visions and State Power: The Origins of Business Unionism in the United States.
April 1, 1995... After decades of meticulous case studies, labor history is returning to the big questions. Recent works by William Forbath, Gary Marks, and Gwendolyn Mink, for example, have come back to that old question central to the old labor history: "Why no...

Pride and Solidarity: A History of the Plumbers and Pipefitters of Columbus, Ohio, 1889-1989.
April 1, 1995... The practice of organizational socialization is normally not associated with labor unions. Richard Schneirov's Pride and Solidarity, a local history of Columbus's plumbers and pipefitters, illustrates how history can be used as a tool for...