Construction and Building Materials articles from January 2009

Construction and Building Materials archives from January 2009

Chloride binding of cement-based materials subjected to external chloride environment--a review.
January 1, 2009... Abstract This paper reviews the chloride binding of cement-based materials subjected to external chloride environments. Chloride ion exist either in the pore solution, chemically bound to the hydration products, or physically held to the...

Finite element simulation to design constructive elements: an application to light gypsum plaster for partitions.
January 1, 2009... Abstract In the past decade finite element simulation has become a very useful methodological tool in the different science fields. This article offers a specific application of this powerful mechanism used for analyzing the mechanical...

Sustainability in the construction industry: a review of recent developments based on LCA.
January 1, 2009... Abstract This review brings together research on life cycle assessment (LCA) applied within the building sector. More than ever, the construction industry is concerned with improving the social, economic and environmental indicators of...

An equivalent frame model for seismic analysis of masonry and reinforced concrete buildings.
January 1, 2009... Abstract In this paper a novel equivalent planar-frame model with openings is presented. The model deals with seismic analysis using the Pushover method for masonry and reinforced concrete buildings. Each wall with opening can be...

A chemical analysis method for determining blast-furnace slag content in hardened concrete.
January 1, 2009... Abstract This research presents the results of the study on the estimation of blast-furnace slag content in hardened concrete by chemical analysis method. To determine slag content in the mixture, there are two steps of investigation. The...

Properties of blended cements with thermally activated kaolin.
January 1, 2009... Abstract Kaolin, one of the materials of major importance for the ceramic and paper industry, is also used in the construction industry as a raw material for the production of white cement clinker and, in the form of metakaolin, as an...

Timber-framed partition walls and their restraining effect on warp in built-in wall studs--a model for spring.
January 1, 2009... Abstract The shape of timber changes due to variations in moisture content (MC). A poor way of designing and/or erecting a structure may result in excessive deformation. An analytical model, which explains spring in a partition wall, is...

Effect of various dual-phase heat treatments on the corrosion behavior of reinforcing steel used in the reinforced concrete structures.
January 1, 2009... Abstract In this study, corrosion behavior of six different dual-phase (DP) steels with varying morphologies and martensite content has been examined in comparison to ferrite-pearlite steel in concrete. Intercritical annealing and...

Research on non-linear structural behaviors of prestressed concrete beams made of high strength and steel fiber reinforced concretes.
January 1, 2009... Abstract The flexural behaviors of fully and partially prestressed concrete beams made of high strength and steel fiber reinforced concretes are studied by experiment and non-linear finite element method. Three levels of partial prestress...

Tensile strain hardening behaviour of hybrid steel-polyethylene fibre reinforced cementitious composites.
January 1, 2009... Abstract Tensile strain hardening and multiple cracking behaviours of fibre reinforced cementitious composites containing different hybrid combinations of steel (ST) and polyethylene (PE) fibres are reported. Various hybrid combinations of...

Improvement of residual compressive strength and spalling resistance of high-strength RC columns subjected to fire.
January 1, 2009... Abstract This paper investigates the spalling properties of high-strength concrete in order to improve the residual compressive strength and spalling resistance in specimens subjected to 3 h of unloading fire conditions. This study...

Prediction of compressive strength of SCC and HPC with high volume fly ash using ANN.(artificial neural network)(self compacting concrete)(high performance concrete)
January 1, 2009... Abstract An artificial neural network (ANN) is presented to predict a 28-day compressive strength of a normal and high strength self compacting concrete (SCC) and high performance concrete (HPC) with high volume fly ash. The ANN is trained...

A simple model to explain the effect of different boundary conditions in direct tensile tests.
January 1, 2009... Experimental observations suggests that concrete specimens subjected to uniaxial tension may have different responses depending on the imposed kinematic "constrains". A simple model is proposed here to explain the experimental findings....

Evaluation of fiber reinforced nanostructured perlite-cementitious surface compounds for building skin applications.
January 1, 2009... Abstract The effect of short polypropylene (PP) fiber loading on the fracture resistance and indirect tensile strength of nanostructured perlitecementitious surface compounds (NPCSC) is studied. Loadings of 1%, 2%, 3% and 4%, by weight, of...

Seismic friction base isolation performance using demolished waste in masonry housing.(Statistical table)
January 1, 2009... Abstract The conversion of large amount of demolished waste into alternate source of building material will contribute not only as a solution to growing waste problem of waste disposal, but also it will conserve the natural resources of...

Corrosion of steel reinforcements embedded in FRP wrapped concrete.(Statistical table)
January 1, 2009... Abstract A large number of reinforced concrete (RC) structures that have been damaged due to corrosion of steel reinforcements are rehabilitated with fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites. This paper investigates the progression of...

Bond behaviour of reinforcement in self-compacting concretes.
January 1, 2009... Abstract This experimental work examines the bond strength between reinforcement steel and concrete, and the top-bar effect in self-compacting concretes. Eight different concretes were used, four self-compacting (SCC) and four...

Quasi-static mechanical behaviour of a double-shear single dowel wood connection.
January 1, 2009... Abstract Results of a double-shear single dowel wood connection tested under monotonic quasi-static loading, according to the EN26891 standard, are discussed in this paper. The Pinus pinaster species, which is one of the most important...

Impact resistance of steel fibrous concrete containing fibres of mixed aspect ratio.
January 1, 2009... Abstract The paper presents results of an investigation conducted to study the impact resistance of steel fibre reinforced concrete containing fibres of mixed aspect ratio. An experimental investigation was planned in which 108 plain...

A performance based approach for durability of concrete exposed to carbonation.
January 1, 2009... Abstract Carbonation is a widespread degradation of concrete and may be coupled with more severe degradations. In order to change from prescriptive requirements to performance based specifications for durability, through the equivalent...

Tungsten mine waste geopolymeric binder: preliminary hydration products investigations.
January 1, 2009... Abstract Geopolymeric mine waste mud (GMWM) binders are obtained from dehydroxylated waste powder mixed with minor quantities of calcium hydroxide, activated with NaOH and waterglass solutions. In this work recent investigations of GMWM...

One laminated bamboo-frame house per hectare per year.
January 1, 2009... Abstract This paper presents an outline of a quantitative analysis that demonstrates the global potential of bamboo as a "modern" construction material. The underlying goal is to contribute to a real shift in resource management by...

Performance evaluation of a high durability asphalt binder and a high durability asphalt mixture for bridge deck pavements.
January 1, 2009... Abstract This paper describes the results of laboratory and full-scale performance tests for a high durability asphalt binder (HDAB) and high durability asphalt mixture (HDAM) applicable to the wearing course in a bridge deck system. The...

Possibilities to control ceramics properties by changing firing cycles.
January 1, 2009... Abstract In the paper these structural parameters of ceramic samples are determined experimentally: reserve of pore volume, degree of structural inhomogeneity, maximum rate of capillary wetting front, capillary rate of mass flow, total...

The use of inorganic conversion coatings to enhance the corrosion resistance of reinforcement and the bond strength at the rebar/concrete.
January 1, 2009... Abstract The performance of concrete specimens reinforced with uncoated rebars or rebars coated with inorganic conversion coatings was investigated. The corrosion resistance of rebars and the bond strength at the rebar/concrete interface...

The importance of chloride content at the concrete surface in assessing the time to corrosion of steel in concrete structures.
January 1, 2009... Abstract A literature review in the present study has shown that the chloride ions on the concrete surface exposed to a marine environment including tidal, splash and aerated zones can be accumulated then to increase with time. In order to...

Radiological constraints of using building materials and industrial by-products in construction.
January 1, 2009... Abstract The advantages of utilization of coal fly ash, phosphogypsum and some other industrial by-products in construction are discussed, as well as the technological and environmental problems caused by an elevated content of...

Electroosmotic transport in porous construction materials and dehumidification of masonry.
January 1, 2009... Abstract Techniques based on electroosmosis have been proposed as restoration methods to reduce the moisture content in masonry subjected to capillary suction. Although several applications have been reported in the literature and...

Experimental and numerical determination of the chloride penetration in cracked concrete.
January 1, 2009... Abstract One of the major causes of deterioration of reinforced concrete structures is chloride-induced corrosion of the reinforcing steel. This phenomenon is significantly influenced by the presence of cracks. This paper presents the...

Detailed depth profiles of sulfate ingress into concrete measured with laser induced breakdown spectroscopy.
January 1, 2009... Abstract Sulfate attack constitutes a major risk of chemical aggression for concrete and other building materials. Mainly structures exposed to sewage waters and sulfate rich soils are affected. The measurement of sulfate ingress is...

Use of diatomite as partial replacement for Portland cement in cement mortars.
January 1, 2009... Abstract The aim of the present study is to investigate the use of diatomite as a partial replacement for cement in the production of cement mortar. Diatomite was used at 0%, 5%, 10% and 15%, replacement by weight for cement while sand and...

Behaviour of cementitious mortars containing different kinds of recycled aggregate.
January 1, 2009... Abstract This work was aimed at evaluating both mechanical and rheological behavior of cementitious mortars prepared with three different kinds of recycled aggregate: one is made of concrete scraps obtained as rejected material from...

Effect of crumb rubber characteristics on crumb rubber modified (CRM) binder viscosity.
January 1, 2009... Abstract Asphalt binder viscosity is of great importance during the production process of hot mix asphalt mixture as typically asphalt plants will store binders between 149[degrees]C and 177[degrees]C. SHRP guidelines state that asphalt...

Influence of surface area and size of crumb rubber on high temperature properties of crumb rubber modified binders.
January 1, 2009... Abstract There are many variables of crumb rubber modifier (CRM) and asphalt binder, affecting the interaction of the CRM with the binder when crumb rubber modified binder (CRM binder) is produced. In this study, the influence of the...

A study of the workability and compressive strength characteristics of corn cob ash blended cement concrete.
January 1, 2009... Abstract The study investigated the workability and compressive strength characteristics of corn cob ash (CCA) blended cement concrete. Nine classes of CCA-blended cements were employed with the CCA content ranging from 0% to 25%. The 0%...

Experimental applications of mortars with pozzolanic additions: characterization and performance evaluation.
January 1, 2009... Abstract Old fortresses near the coast of Lisbon have been originally rendered with very durable lime mortars, sometimes showing pozzolanic reactions (Silva A. Caracterizacao de argamassas antigas--casos paradigmaticos (in Portuguese)....

Effectiveness of corrosion inhibitors in saturated calcium hydroxide solutions acidified by acid rain components.
January 1, 2009... Abstract Aggressive air pollutants are known to attack concrete and threaten its integrity and decreasing the pH value. The compounds produced by the reaction of concrete hydration products with these aggressive agents cause the pH of...

Safety against formation of through cracks of profiled fibre-reinforced cement sheets for roofing.
January 1, 2009... Abstract Loads due to wind, snow or traffic on a roof determine the requirements to the strength and stiffness properties of profiled sheets for roofing. Apart from these loads, locked-in stresses can occur due to differences in...

Development of calcium sulfate--ggbs--Portland cement binders.
January 1, 2009... Abstract Binders manufactured using a blend of gypsum, ground granulated blast furnace slag and Portland cements are technically viable and possess considerable environmental and economic advantages when compared to binders manufactured...

Development of corn cob ash blended cement.
January 1, 2009... Abstract In an attempt to convert waste product into useful material for the construction industry, this research considered the use of corn cob ash (CCA) as a pozzolan in cement production. The study investigated the chemical composition...

Optimisation of using lightweight aggregates in mitigating autogenous deformation of concrete.
January 1, 2009... Abstract Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of using dispersed saturated lightweight aggregates (LWAs) as water reservoirs in mitigating the autogenous deformation of high performance concrete and to establish the optimum...

Techno-economical evaluation of a rice husk ash (RHA) based sand--cement block for reducing solar conduction heat gain to a building.
January 1, 2009... Abstract This paper reports oil the performance of a rice husk ash (RHA) based sand--cement block. Its performance is compared with that of a standard commercial clay brick. The RHA-cement block reduces solar heat gain in buildings and the...

Relative brittleness characterization of some selected granitic building stones: influence of mineral grain size.
January 1, 2009... Abstract Being crystalline materials, brittleness may be an important issue for granitic rocks, especially when they are subject to certain loading conditions. Therefore, in practice, more specifically in their usage as a natural building...

Experimental and numerical analysis of a stop-splayed traditional timber scarf joint with key.
January 1, 2009... Abstract Traditionally constructed heavy timber trusses employ scarf joints to transfer tensile forces between lower chord members. Scarf joints significantly impact the global stiffness of heavy timber trusses, yet little is known about...

A method to repair concrete leakage through cracks by synthesizing super-absorbent resin in situ.
January 1, 2009... Abstract Concrete leakage through cracks is a key factor resulting in the deterioration of concrete structures. This work presented a method to repair concrete leakage through cracks by synthesizing super-absorbent resin (SAR) in situ. The...

Properties of steel fiber reinforced fly ash concrete.
January 1, 2009... Abstract This paper reports on a comprehensive study on the properties of concrete containing fly ash and steel fibers. Properties studied include unit weight and workability of fresh concrete, and compressive strength, flexural tensile...

Experimental analysis of laterally loaded nailed timber-to-concrete connections.(Statistical table)
January 1, 2009... Abstract This work intends to assess the accuracy of the methodology proposed in the Eurocode 5 for laterally loaded uailed timber-to-concrete connections. First, the adequacy of the methodology proposed by Eurocode 5 for the dowel-type...

Enhancement of the flexural performance of retrofitted wood beams using CFRP composite sheets.(carbon fiber reinforced plastic )(Statistical table)
January 1, 2009... Abstract The main objective of this study was to investigate the flexural performance of wood beams retrofitted by using carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) composite sheets. First, a theoretical analysis of wood beams retrofitted with...

Characterization of waterproof-covering mortars on Ottoman monuments of "Ghar El Melh" (Tunisia).
January 1, 2009... Abstract This study is devoted to the characterization of two historic waterproof-coating mortars taken from the ottomans monuments of "Ghar El Melh" in, northeast Tunisia. The first waterproof mortar was recovered from the aqueduct...

Drying effect of polymer-modified cement for patch-repaired mortar on constraint stress.
January 1, 2009... Abstract Deterioration mechanism due to drying and shrinkage of patch-repaired regions in reinforced concrete structures is analytically investigated. The moisture diffusion coefficient of the repair materials was determined by...

The investigation on strength and flexural toughness of fibre cocktail reinforced self-compacting high performance concrete.
January 1, 2009... Abstract Based on the experimental results of the workability, the suitable fibre types (steel fibres, PP-fibres and fibre cocktail) and fibre dosages for fibre-reinforced-self-compacting-high-performance-concrete (FRSCHPC) were selected....

Laboratory investigation of basic oxygen furnace slag for substitution of aggregate in porous asphalt mixture.
January 1, 2009... Abstract The purpose of this study is to investigate the mixture performance and the sound absorption characteristic of porous asphalt mixture with different percentages of basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag. Mixtures made with 0%, 25%, 50%,...

Analysis of fatigue crack growth behavior in asphalt concrete material in wearing course.
January 1, 2009... Abstract Fatigue crack is a main form of structural damage in flexible pavements. Under the action of repeated vehicular loading, deterioration of the asphalt concrete materials in pavements, caused by the accumulation and growth of micro...

Estimation of chloride permeability of concretes by empirical modeling: considering effects of cement type, curing condition and age.
January 1, 2009... Abstract In this study, effects of cement type, curing condition, and testing age on the chloride permeability of concrete were investigated experimentally. Chloride permeability of concrete was determined through rapid chloride...

Study on the cause of pop-out defects on the concrete wall and repair method.
January 1, 2009... Abstract Concrete pop-outs are a common occurrence in foreign countries; however, tiffs has not been the case in Korea, until recently when pop-outs were observed on the concrete walls of an apartment. Our investigation revealed that the...

Push-out test of pre-stressing concrete filled circular steel tube columns by means of expansive cement.
January 1, 2009... Abstract The expansion/shrinkage behaviors and bond carrying capacities of 17 short, pre-stressing concrete filled circular steel tube (PCFST) columns by means of expansive cement and three short, conventional concrete filled circular...

Use of basalt in asphalt concrete mixes.
January 1, 2009... Abstract One of the main reasons behind the appearance of early distresses in Jordan roads and the low surface skid resistance is the use of marginal quality limestone aggregate. Large quantities of good quality basalt are available in the...

Effect of wax on basic and rheological properties of bitumen with similar Penetration-grades.
January 1, 2009... Abstract This paper presents the results of a study on the wax content, the basic and rheological properties of seven unmodified bitumens with Penetration-grades 60-70 and the effect of wax on these bitumens. Among the bitumens, one...

Nanostructured zonolite-cementitious surface compounds for thermal insulation.
January 1, 2009... Abstract This paper investigates the effect of zonolite loadings on the thermal resistivity and indirect tensile strength of nanostructured cementitious compounds. The main objective of this research is to develop a structural lightweight...

The effect of using different polymer and cement based materials in pore filling applications on technical parameters of travertine stone.
January 1, 2009... Abstract The usage of marbles as a natural building and facing stone shows a gradually rising trend in civil sector all over the world. Due to natural motion, structure of marbles consists of many cracks and holes during formation of...

Cementitious characteristics of hydrated cement paste subjected to various dehydration temperatures.
January 1, 2009... Abstract This paper emphasizes on studying the cementitious characteristics and the relative rehydration capability of dehydrated cement paste (DCP). Several specimens of DCP were firstly prepared, respectively after pre-heating the...

Autoclaved brick from low-silicon tailings.
January 1, 2009... Abstract The load-bearing brick is made from low-silicon tailings by pressing and autoclaving process, in the presence of alkali-activated slag/ fly ash cementing material (AA FSC). Tailings accounts for 83% of the total mass of the brick....

Activation of Algerian slag in mortars.
January 1, 2009... Abstract Blastfurnace slag has been widely used as a successful replacement material for Portland cement, and concrete of enhanced qualities can be achieved as a result. Due to the slag's slow reactivity, however, the early-age mechanical...

Influence of activator on the strength and drying shrinkage of alkali-activated slag mortar.
January 1, 2009... Abstract The development of new binders, as all alternative to traditional cement, by the alkaline activation of industrial by-products (i.e. ground granulated slag and fly ash) is an ongoing research topic in the scientific community...

Incorporation of fine ceramics in mortars.
January 1, 2009... Abstract This paper presents a study of the viability of improving the performance of cementitious mortars through the addition of very fine aggregates from crushed red clay ceramics. For that purpose, an experimental campaign was...

High temperature properties of rubberized binders containing warm asphalt additives.
January 1, 2009... Abstract Several studies have been conducted evaluating the properties of warm mix asphalt (WMA), and it is observed that warm asphalt additives work in different ways to either reduce the viscosity of the binder or to allow better...

Incorporation of chromium-tanned leather residue to asphalt micro-surface layer.
January 1, 2009... Abstract A study on the incorporation of chromium-tanned leather residue to the cold asphalt micro-surface layer was performed using the dry mix process. Laboratory designs for asphalt micro-surface were performed according to the methods...

Micro-chemical/structural characterisation of thin layer masonry: a correlation with engineering performance.
January 1, 2009... Abstract Masonry is one of the most ancient methods of construction. The types of blocks and mortars used over the centuries have developed considerably with the introduction of various types of materials. A multidisciplinary investigative...

Calendar.(Conference news)(Calendar)
January 1, 2009... Calendar Event Date and venue Details from 2009 APCS 2009--The 27 29 May Contact: APCS 2009 9th Asian Pacific Noyori Conference Secretariat, Graduate School...