The Historian articles from January 2002

The Historian archives from January 2002

Mixed memories: the Warren G. Harding Memorial Association and the president's hometown legacy.(Marion, Ohio)
January 1, 2002... During the summer of 1923, the citizens of Marion, Ohio, faced a crisis. The man who had made the town nationally famous, President Warren G. Harding, had died of heart failure in San Francisco on 2 August 1923. A great outpouring of grief...

Nowhere to go: displaced persons in post-V-E-Day Germany.
January 1, 2002... As the advancing armies of the Allied powers conquered and occupied the German Reich at the end of World War II, military officials were prepared for a military occupation and expected to deal with defeated soldiers. They anticipated a possibly...

The people's museum: George Brown Goode's collection of sporting goods for the Smithsonian Institution in Victorian America.
January 1, 2002... "The people's museum should be much more than a house full of specimens in glass cases. It should be a house full of ideas," contended George Brown Goode (1851-1896), the scientist, collector, curator, and administrator who guided the...

A counterfeit identity: the notorious life of Stephen Burroughs.(Biography)
January 1, 2002... On a late afternoon in 1790, two strangers conversed on a stagecoach traveling between Plainfield and Norwich, in the eastern part of Connecticut. One of the men, a Boston lawyer, fell into a disquisition on the famous confidence man, Stephen...

The fashion for physics: public lecture courses in enlightenment France.
January 1, 2002... On 21 November 1754 a French newspaper, the Affiches de Paris, announced the beginning of a new lecture course in experimental physics by the famed savant and long-time popularizer Jean Antoine Nollet. This course--covering such topics as...

Nixon rides the backlash to victory: racial politics in the 1968 presidential campaign.(Richard Nixon)
January 1, 2002... The 1968 presidential campaign between Richard Nixon, Hubert Humphrey, and George Wallace was suffused with the politics of race. When the election ended, the winner was Nixon, who had promised to calm down the heated passions by going slow on...

Reclaiming lost ground: Arthur Morgan and the Miami Conservancy District labor camps.(services of labor activist)
January 1, 2002... Between 23 and 27 March 1913, approximately ten inches of rain fell over the Miami Valley region in southwestern Ohio, resulting in a deluge of near-Biblical proportions. The floodwaters moved rapidly down the Great Miami River, inundating...

The Invention of the Restaurant: Paris and Modern Gastronomic Culture.(Brief Article)(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... The Invention of the Restaurant: Paris and Modern Gastronomic Culture. By Rebecca Spang. (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2000.) The American Society for Eighteenth-Century Studies presented its 2001 Louis Gottschalk Prize to...

A Constructed Peace: The Making of the Modern European Settlement, 1945-63.(Brief Article)(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... A Constructed Peace: The Making of the Modern European Settlement, 1945-63. By Marc Trachtenberg. (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1999.) Marc Trachtenberg of the University of Pennsylvania is the most recent winner of the George...

The Great Divergence: China, Europe, and the Making of the Modern World Economy.(Brief Article)(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... The Great Divergence: China, Europe, and the Making of the Modern World Economy. By Kenneth Pomeranz. (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2000.) The American Historical Association has presented its John K. Fairbank Prize for the most...

Pakistan: Islam the colonial legacy state building.(Islam's Political Culture: Religion and Politics in Predivided Pakistan)(Pakistan: A Modern History)(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Islam's Political Culture: Religion and Politics in Predivided Pakistan. By Nasim Ahmad Jawed. (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1999. Pp. xv, 294. $45.00.) Pakistan: A Modern History. By Ian Talbot. (London: Hurst & Company, 1998. Pp....

From Frontier to Backwater: Economy and Society in the Upper Senegal Valley (West Africa), 1850-1920.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... From Frontier to Backwater: Economy and Society in the Upper Senegal Valley (West Africa), 1850-1920. By Andrew F. Clark. (Lanham, Md.: University Press of America, 1999. Pp. xiii, 278. $47.00.) The years between 1850 and 1920 were not...

The Making of an Egyptian Arab Nationalist: The Early Years of Azzam Pasha, 1893-1936.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... The Making of an Egyptian Arab Nationalist: The Early Years of Azzam Pasha, 1893-1936. By Ralph M. Coury. (Reading, U.K.: Ithaca Press, 1998. Pp. 486. $45.00.) Now remembered only by Middle East historians and a few pro-Israel...

Land and Society in the Christian Kingdom of Ethiopia: From the Thirteenth to the Twentieth Century.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Land and Society in the Christian Kingdom of Ethiopia: From the Thirteenth to the Twentieth Century. By Donald Crummey. (Champaign, Ill.: University of Illinois Press, 1999. Pp. 373. $60.00.) Bringing together much of his extensive research...

The African Rank-and-File: Social Implications of Colonial Military Service in the King's African Rifles, 1902-1964.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... The African Rank-and-File: Social Implications of Colonial Military Service in the King's African Rifles, 1902-1964. By Timothy H. Parsons. (Portsmouth, N.H.: Heinemann, 1999. Pp. ix, 302. $25.95.) The past two decades have witnessed...

The Methodists and Revolutionary America, 1760-1800: The Shaping of an Evangelical Culture.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... The Methodists and Revolutionary America, 1760-1800: The Shaping of an Evangelical Culture. By Dee E. Andrews. (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2000. Pp. xi, 367. $59.50.) Students and scholars of American religious history who are...

Inheriting the Revolution: The First Generation of Americans.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Inheriting the Revolution: The First Generation of Americans. By Joyce Appleby. (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2000. Pp. vii, 322. $26.00.) Free from the political, economic, and social practices and traditions of the British...

A Passion for Birds: American Ornithology after Audubon.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... A Passion for Birds: American Ornithology after Audubon. By Mark V. Barrow Jr. (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1998. pp. xi, 326. $19.95.) In a tightly organized, well-written book this author traces the development of North...

William Z. Foster and the Tragedy of American Radicalism.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... William Z. Foster and the Tragedy of American Radicalism. By lames R. Barrett. (Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1999. Pp. xiii, 352. $34.95.) William Z. Foster was a hardworking, determined American who never came close...

Bodies of Inscription: A Cultural History of the Modern Tattoo Community.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Bodies of Inscription: A Cultural History of the Modern Tattoo Community. By Margo DeMello. (Durham and London: Duke University Press, 2000. Pp. xiv, 222. $16.95.) This engaging study of the contemporary "tattoo community" in the United...

The Rise of African Slavery in the Americas.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... The Rise of African Slavery in the Americas. By David Eltis. (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999. Pp. 353. $59.95.) The almost exclusive use of Africans as slaves in the Americas, along with the connection between slavery and...

To Lead the Free World: American Nationalism and the Cultural Roots of the Cold War.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... To Lead the Free World: American Nationalism and the Cultural Roots of the Cold War. By John Fousek. (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2000. Pp. xiv, 253. $18.95.) This is a complex, thoughtful, and well-crafted work, in...

Juan Ponce de Leon and the Spanish Discovery of Puerto Rico and Florida.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Juan Ponce de Leon and the Spanish Discovery of Puerto Rico and Florida. By Robert H. Fuson. (Blacksburg, Va.: The McDonald & Woodward Publishing Company, 2000. Pp. xvi, 288. $19.95.) The author of this book pursues several goals, as his...

Receiving Erin's Children: Philadelphia, Liverpool, and the Irish Famine Migration, 1845-1855.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Receiving Erin's Children: Philadelphia, Liverpool, and the Irish Famine Migration, 1845-1855. By J. Matthew Gallman. (Chapel Hill and London: University of North Carolina Press, 2000. Pp. xii, 306. $19.95.) Most books that deal with the...

The Nervous Liberals: Propaganda Anxieties from World War I to the Cold War.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... The Nervous Liberals: Propaganda Anxieties from World War I to the Cold War. By Brett Gary. (New York: Columbia University Press, 2000. Pp. xii, 251. $19.00.) On the eve of World War II, the poet, author, scholar, and Librarian of...

Scripts, Grooves, and Writing Machines: Representing Technology in the Edison Era.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Scripts, Grooves, and Writing Machines: Representing Technology in the Edison Era. By Lisa Gitelman. (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1999. Pp. xiv, 282. $49.50.) Seen in hindsight, successful technologies--the printing press, the...

The Jesuit Relations: Natives and Missionaries in Seventeenth-Century North America.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... The Jesuit Relations: Natives and Missionaries in Seventeenth-Century North America. Edited with an Introduction by Allan Greer. (Boston and New York: Bedford/St. Martin's Press, 2000. Pp. xiv, 226. $35.00.) This work is a short collection...

Legacies of the 1964 Civil Rights Act.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Legacies of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. Edited by Bernard Grofman. (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 2000. Pp. xiii, 320. $55.00.) In 1994, Bernard Grofman organized a conference commemorating the thirtieth anniversary of the...

Sugar and Power in the Dominican Republic: Eisenhower, Kennedy, and the Trujillos.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Sugar and Power in the Dominican Republic: Eisenhower, Kennedy, and the Trujillos. By Michael R. Hall. (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 2000. Pp. xii, 163. $55.00.) Through a treatment of U.S.-Dominican relations during the twentieth...

Paths to Power: The Historiography of American Foreign Relations to 1941.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Paths to Power: The Historiography of American Foreign Relations to 1941. Edited by Michael J. Hogan. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. Pp. xii, 303. $18.95.) The editor of this book has compiled a distinguished record since...

An Honest President: The Life and Presidencies of Grover Cleveland.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... An Honest President: The Life and Presidencies of Grover Cleveland. By H. Paul Jeffers. (New York: William Morrow, 2000. Pp. 385. $27.00.) In the periodic rankings of the nation's presidents, Grover Cleveland usually comes in somewhat above...

Something in the Soil: Legacies and Reckonings in the New West.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Something in the Soil: Legacies and Reckonings in the New West. By Patricia Nelson Limerick. (New York: W. W. Norton and Company, 2000. Pp. 384. $27.95.) It is one of the largely unacknowledged truths of professional history that...

As Long as They Don't Move Next Door: Segregation and Racial Conflict in American Neighborhoods.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... As Long as They Don't Move Next Door: Segregation and Racial Conflict in American Neighborhoods. By Stephen Grant Meyer. (Lanham: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, 2000. Pp. x, 344. $29.95.) This book is a well-written, concise history of...

Making Citizen Soldiers: ROTC and the Ideology of American Military Service.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Making Citizen Soldiers: ROTC and the Ideology of American Military Service. By Michael S. Neiberg. (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2000. Pp. viii, 264. $39.95.) This book provides an interesting account of the evolution of...

The First Global War: Britain, France, and the Fate of North America, 1756-1775.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... The First Global War: Britain, France, and the Fate of North America, 1756-1775. By William R. Nester. (Westport, Conn.: Praeger Publishers, 2000. Pp. vii, 308. $69.95.) Many books have been written on various episodes in the global war...

Jefferson's Empire: The Language of American Nationhood.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Jefferson's Empire: The Language of American Nationhood. By Peter S. Onuf. (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 2000. Pp. xi, 250. $27.95.) Among the Founding Fathers, Thomas Jefferson remains the one most difficult to analyze...

Brandeis and the Progressive Constitution.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Brandeis and the Progressive Constitution. By Edward A. Purcell Jr. (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2000. Pp. x, 417. $37.50.) In the past six decades, a host of major legal scholars have turned to Justice Louis D. Brandeis's...

Diary of a Dirty Little War: The Spanish-American War of 1898.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Diary of a Dirty Little War: The Spanish-American War of 1898. By Harvey Rosenfeld. (Westport, Conn., and London: Praeger, 2000. Pp. vii, 207. $57.95.) This book is not meant to be a scholarly account of the war of 1898. The brief...

The Dominion of Voice: Riot, Reason, and Romance in Antebellum Politics.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... The Dominion of Voice: Riot, Reason, and Romance in Antebellum Politics. By Kimberly K. Smith. (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1999. Pp. viii, 318. $40.00.) This book works on four levels: as a study of a particular historical...

Inside the White House in War Times: Memoirs and Reports of Lincoln's Secretary.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Inside the White House in War Times: Memoirs and Reports of Lincoln's Secretary. By William O. Stoddard. Edited by Michael Burlingame. (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2000. Pp. vii, 226. $25.00.) Without a doubt, Abraham Lincoln is...

Everyday Life and Politics in Nineteenth-Century Mexico: Men, Women, and War.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Everyday Life and Politics in Nineteenth-Century Mexico: Men, Women, and War. By Mark Wasserman. (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2000. Pp. xiii, 248. $19.95.) It was a time of struggle for Mexico. Three men worked to fulfill...

A Chinaman's Chance: The Chinese on the Rocky Mountain Mining Frontier.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... A Chinaman's Chance: The Chinese on the Rocky Mountain Mining Frontier. By Liping Zhu. (Boulder: University Press of Colorado, 1997. Pp. xi, 231. $19.95.) These days, most college-level American history textbooks offer at least a token...

The Last Emperors of Vietnam: From Tu Duc to Bao Dai.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... The Last Emperors of Vietnam: From Tu Duc to Bao Dai. By Oscar Chapuis. (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 2000. Pp. 200. $65.00.) Prospective readers of this book will probably be tempted by the title, which promises to throw light on a...

Kaempfer's Japan: Tokugawa Culture Observed.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Kaempfer's Japan: Tokugawa Culture Observed. By Engelbert Kaempfer. Translated and edited by Beatrice M. Bodart-Bailey. (Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, 1999. Pp. xiv, 546. $80.00.) This is a robust and meticulously crafted new...

The New Cambridge History of India.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... The New Cambridge History of India. Volume 4.4. An Agrarian History of South Asia. By David Ludden. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999. Pp. xiii, 262. $64.95.) The latest volume of The New Cambridge History of India takes a...

Minority Rules: The Miao and the Feminine in China's Cultural Politics.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Minority Rules: The Miao and the Feminine in China's Cultural Politics. By Louisa Schein. (Durham, N.C. and London: Duke University Press, 2000. Pp. xvii, 365. $19.95.) In recent years, there has been a marked upsurge in writing about the...

An Ungodly War: The Sack of Constantinople and the Fourth Crusade.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... An Ungodly War: The Sack of Constantinople and the Fourth Crusade. By W. B. Bartlett. (Stroud, U.K.: Sutton Publishing Limited, 2000. Pp. xviii, 229. $29.95.) Few events in history are as odd or as interesting as the Fourth Crusade...

Napoleon III and Mexican Silver.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Napoleon III and Mexican Silver. By Shirley J. Black. (Silverton, Colo.: Ferrell Publishers, 2000. Pp. xii, 156. $23.95.) Historians, for the most part, have attributed the French intervention in Mexico during 1861-1867 to the malfeasance...

A Rumor About the Jews: Reflections on Antisemitism and the Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... A Rumor About the Jews: Reflections on Antisemitism and the Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion. By Stephen Eric Bronner. (New York: St. Martin's Press, 2000. Pp. ix, 177. $24.95.) Roughly between 1894 and 1899, 24 protocols detailing a...

Hitler's Austria: Popular Sentiment in the Nazi Era, 1938-1945.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Hitler's Austria: Popular Sentiment in the Nazi Era, 1938-1945. By Evan Burr Bukey. (Chapel Hill and London: University of North Carolina Press, 2000. Pp xvi, 320. $39.95.) Since Julie Andrews first scampered down an Alp in the 1960s...

Politics without a Past: The Absence of History in Postcommunist Nationalism.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Politics without a Past: The Absence of History in Postcommunist Nationalism. By Shari J. Cohen. (Durham, N.C. and London: Duke University Press, 1999. Pp. xiii, 281. $18.95.) In this thoughtful and well laid out study of postcommunist...

Politics and Culture in Modern Germany: Essays from the "New York Review of Books.".(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Politics and Culture in Modern Germany: Essays from the "New York Review of Books." By Gordon A. Craig. (Palo Alto, Calif.: The Society for the Promotion of Science and Scholarship, 1999. Pp. xii, 385. $24.50.) The renowned American...

Home Fires Burning: Food, Politics and Everyday Life in World War I Berlin.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Home Fires Burning: Food, Politics and Everyday Life in World War I Berlin. By Belinda J. Davis. (Chapel Hill and London: University of North Carolina Press, 2000. Pp. xiv, 349. $24.95.) This book is an analytical narrative focusing on...

Beyond the Conceivable: Studies on Germany, Nazism, and the Holocaust.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Beyond the Conceivable: Studies on Germany, Nazism, and the Holocaust. By Dan Diner. (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2000. Pp. 286. $45.00.) A distinguished scholar of German and Holocaust history has gathered in this volume 13...

For the Cause of Liberty: A Thousand Years of Ireland's Heroes.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... For the Cause of Liberty: A Thousand Years of Ireland's Heroes. By Terry Golway. (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2000. Pp. 397. $26.00.) In the last 30 years, the field of Irish history has experienced expansion, diversification, and...

The Roots of Nazi Psychology: Hitler's Utopian Barbarism.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... The Roots of Nazi Psychology: Hitler's Utopian Barbarism. By Jay Y. Gonen. (Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2000. Pp. 224. $25.00.) One of the fundamental questions that continues to perplex students of twentieth-century Germany...

Lord Acton.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Lord Acton. By Roland Hill. (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1999. Pp. xxiv, 548. $39.95.) The popular fame of John Acton (1834-1902) rests on his line in a book review: "Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely"...

Communities of the Blessed: Social Environment and Religious Change in Northern Italy, A.D. 200-400.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Communities of the Blessed: Social Environment and Religious Change in Northern Italy, A.D. 200-400. By Mark Humphries. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999. Pp. xv, 258. $70.00.) From the title, the reader may think this is a book on...

French Anti-Slavery: The Movement for the Abolition of Slavery in France, 1802-1848.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... French Anti-Slavery: The Movement for the Abolition of Slavery in France, 1802-1848. By Lawrence C. Jennings. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. Pp. x, 320. $54.95.) French reformers seeking to free 250,000 slaves in four...

Early Modern European Society.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Early Modern European Society. By Henry Kamen. (London and New York: Routledge, 2000. Pp. x, 281. $25.99.) As one might expect from a historian of such standing, this volume presents a well-researched and well-written survey of the subject....

The Statecraft of British Imperialism: Essays in Honour of Wm. Roger Louis.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... The Statecraft of British Imperialism: Essays in Honour of Wm. Roger Louis. Edited by Robert D. King and Robin Kilson. (Portland, Oreg.: Frank Cass Publishers, 1999. Pp. 272. $54.50.) Precisely edited by two colleagues of Wm. Roger Louis at...

Who Killed Kirov? The Kremlin's Greatest Mystery.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Who Killed Kirov? The Kremlin's Greatest Mystery. By Amy Knight. (New York: Hill and Wang of Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1999. Pp. xiv, 331. $15.00.) Despite this book's title, the author's real focus is not on who killed Sergei Kirov,...

The Expectation of Justice: France, 1944-1946.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... The Expectation of Justice: France, 1944-1946. By Megan Koreman. (Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 1999. Pp. xx, 335. $18.95.) The experience of defeat, foreign occupation, and collaboration during the Second World War profoundly...

Privilege and the Politics of Taxation in Eighteenth-Century France.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Privilege and the Politics of Taxation in Eighteenth-Century France. By Michael Kwass. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. Pp. xvii, 353. $69.95.) "Rare are the historians who have the courage to penetrate the brambly thickets of...

The Resurrection of Ireland: The Sinn Fein Party, 1916-1923.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... The Resurrection of Ireland: The Sinn Fein Party, 1916-1923. By Michael Laffan. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999. Pp. xvii, 512. $69.95.) Historians have long pointed out how much public opinion had changed in Ireland between...

Marco Polo and the Discovery of the World.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Marco Polo and the Discovery of the World. By John Larner. (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1999. Pp. xiii, 250. $29.95.) Books, too, have their histories, and this is the history of a most notable one: Marco Polo's description...

The Social History of Imperial Russia, 1700-1917.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... The Social History of Imperial Russia, 1700-1917. 2 Vols. By Boris Mironov with Ben Eklof. (Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 2000. Pp. xxxiv, 562; ix, 398. $150.00.) In an era when even social history is taking the "cultural turn" and when...

Urban Patronage in Early Modern England: Corporate Boroughs, the Landed Elite, and the Crown, 1580-1640.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Urban Patronage in Early Modern England: Corporate Boroughs, the Landed Elite, and the Crown, 1580-1640. By Catherine F. Patterson. (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1999. Pp. viii, 337. $60.00.) This volume, with its thorough analysis...

Fascism in Spain, 1923-1977.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Fascism in Spain, 1923-1977. By Stanley Payne. (Madison and London: University of Wisconsin Press, 1999. Pp. xii, 599. $24.95.) It is now almost 40 years since Stanley Payne published the revised version of his doctoral thesis on the...

British Society, 1680-1880: Dynamism, Containment and Change.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... British Society, 1680-1880: Dynamism, Containment and Change. By Richard Price. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999. Pp. xii, 349. $59.95.) Jonathan Clark in The Language of Liberty, 1660-1832 (Cambridge, 1994) discusses a...

The Soviet Military Experience.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... The Soviet Military Experience. By Roger R. Reese. (New York: Routledge, 2000. Pp. xi, 207. $21.99.) The author of this book has set for himself the extraordinarily ambitious task of describing the Soviet states' efforts to create a...

Mussolini: A Biography.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Mussolini: A Biography. By Jasper Ridley. (New York: Cooper Square Press, 2000. Pp. 430. $27.50.) This is a competent study by an experienced biographer and vice-president of the English Sector of International PEN, the writers'...

A History of Everyday Things: The Birth of Consumption in France, 1600-1800.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... A History of Everyday Things: The Birth of Consumption in France, 1600-1800. By Daniel Roche. Translated by Brian Pearce. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. Pp. ix, 309. $59.95.) For over two decades, Daniel Roche has been among...

The Life of Marie d'Agoult, Alias Daniel Stern.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... The Life of Marie d'Agoult, Alias Daniel Stern. By Phyllis Stock-Morton. (Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2000. Pp. viii, 283. $42.50.) Marie de Flivigny, Comtesse d'Agoult, whose pen name was Daniel Stern, is a woman...

The Spirit of 1914: Militarism, Myth and Mobilization in Germany.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... The Spirit of 1914: Militarism, Myth and Mobilization in Germany. By Jeffrey Verhey. (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000. Pp. xiii, 268. $59.95.) The scene is a staple of popular depictions of World War I. In Europe's capitals,...

The Ideological Roots of German National Socialism.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... The Ideological Roots of German National Socialism. By Eric H. Vieler. (New York: Peter Lang, 1999. Pp. 172. $44.95.) This is yet another book on Nazi ideology, to repeat a phrase applied to topics exhaustively covered. It used to be...

The Moral World of the Law.(Brief Article)(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... The Moral World of the Law. Edited by Peter Coss. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. Pp. xi, 262. $59.95.) This volume demonstrates that conference proceedings can be vital and useful in focusing professional attention on...

The World and the West: The European Challenge and the Overseas Response in the Age of Empire.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... The World and the West: The European Challenge and the Overseas Response in the Age of Empire. By Philip D. Curtin. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. Pp. xiv, 294. $27.95.) How best to conceptualize the increasingly complex...

Desperate Deception: British Covert Operations in the United States, 1939-44.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Desperate Deception: British Covert Operations in the United States, 1939-44. By Thomas Mahl. (Washington, D.C. and London: Brassey's, 1998. Pp. vii, 256. $26.95.) Revisionist historians have long held two theories about how the United...

The Furies: Violence and Terror in the French and Russian Revolutions.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... The Furies: Violence and Terror in the French and Russian Revolutions. By Arno J. Mayer. (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2000. Pp. xvii, 716. $35.00.) From the moment their revolution began in 1917, Russians were looking back to...

Five Epochs of Civilization: World History as Emerging in Five Civilizations.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Five Epochs of Civilization: World History as Emerging in Five Civilizations. By William McGaughey. (Minneapolis: Thistlerose Publications, 2000. Pp. xxii, 590. $18.95.) The basic thesis of this book is that each epochal civilization has a...

Interpreters as Diplomats: A Diplomatic History of the Role of Interpreters in World Politics.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Interpreters as Diplomats: A Diplomatic History of the Role of Interpreters in World Politics. By Ruth A. Roland. (Ottawa: University of Ottawa Press, 1999. Pp. xviii, 208. $19.00.) This work is a revised and updated edition of a work...

Marketing and Public Relations Handbook for Museums, Galleries and Heritage Attractions.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... Marketing & Public Relations Handbook for Museums, Galleries & Heritage Attractions. By Sue Runyard and Ylva French. (Walnut Creek, Calif.: Altamira Press, 1999. Pp. xiv, 290. $44.95.) The authors of this guide, who both have extensive...

The Early History of Heaven.(Book Review)
January 1, 2002... The Early History of Heaven. By J. Edward Wright. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000. Pp. xi, 318. $35.00.) The title of this book is rather misleading. Unlike other works, such as Russell's A History of Heaven or McDannell and Lang's...