Harvard International Review articles from September 1998

Harvard International Review archives from September 1998

Brokers of fear: the enigma of modern terrorism.
September 22, 1998... As the summer of 1998 drew to a close, images of twisted metal, shattered glass, and broken bodies riveted the public--images that remain difficult to banish from memory. The blood of innocents triggered a pervasive atmosphere of fear that...

Ignoring the horrors to come (the United States ignores the threat of nuclear terrorism at its own peril).
September 22, 1998... The end of the Cold War set in motion two dynamics that have dramatically increased the risk of a terrorist attack in the United States using weapons of mass destruction (WMD). After half a century of bipolarity, the United States is the only...

Cruise missiles do not a policy make (retaliatory attacks against suspected terrorist installations suggests lack of American initiative).
September 22, 1998... August's bombings of US embassies in Nairobi and Dar-es-Salaam and the subsequent US retaliation stand as a model for current US anti-terrorism policy: a pattern of poor diplomacy, weak foreign policy, swift after-the-fact intelligence...

Need for engagement (by enforcing its embargo against Cuba, the U.S. withholds a view of the benefits of democracy which might bring about reform).
September 22, 1998... The United States should foster democracy wherever despotic regimes have suffocated freedom. In this light, Congressman Menendez (p. 30) asserts that the embargo of Cuba "can and will bring democratic change to Cuba." The Cuban response,...

Bad medecine: physicians and torture.
September 22, 1998... Close to sundown, a university student stepped off the bus only to be seized by the Ankara police. His identity withheld, the student later described his brutal treatment at the hands of the Turkish police who suspected him of illegal political...

Balkan snafu: the West and Kosovo.
September 22, 1998... As the Balkans errupted in violence once again this past summer, fears that the Dayton agreements had failed to resolve the disputes in the former Yugoslavia were confirmed. A typical reaction is one of despair--that the Balkans constitute...

Smart soldiers: decentralization and war.
September 22, 1998... The nature of combat and command is about to be changed dramatically by advancements in information technology, which will allow the individual soldier, squad, or armored unit to become an independent decision-maker on the battlefield. ...

Social insecurity: lessons of social security reform from abroad.
September 22, 1998... In a meeting last year with Ohio Governor George V. Voinovich, Chilean economist Jose Pinera offered this challenge to the United States: "You won the arms race. Let's see whether you can also win the pension race." In an age of lengthened...

Worldly game: the globalization of baseball.
September 22, 1998... Sixty-one. Probably no other record in any professional sport is so easily recognizable as Roger Maris' record for most home runs in a single season. The two men who shattered the record this season, although forever joined by "The Chase,"...

Building a just society: the Cuban revolution and its future.
September 22, 1998... RICARDO ALARCON is President of the National Assembly of the Republic of Cuba. At the end of the last decade, when European Socialism was hastening towards collapse, many forecast the imminent demise of the Cuban Revolution. Next year,...

Cuban revolution.
September 22, 1998... Between 1953 and 1958, the dictatorship of Fulgencio Batista y Zaldivar established the foundation of discontent necessary for the success of the 1959 revolution. On July 26, 1953, Fidel Castro and his brother, Raul, were captured after an...

Staying the course: bringing change to Cuba through continued pressure.
September 22, 1998... DAN BURTON (R-IN) chairs the Government Reform and Oversight Committee and is a ranking member of the International Relations Committee of the US House of Representatives. He is co-author of the Helms-Burton Act of 1996, which strengthened the...

Call for normalization: ending the antiquated US Cuba policy.
September 22, 1998... FERNANDO REMIREZ is Counselor of the Cuban Interests Section at the Embassy of Switzerland in Washington, DC, and serves as the de facto Cuban Ambassador to the United States. Shortly before his assassination, President John F. Kennedy told...

Cautious optimism: reassessing US Cuba policy.
September 22, 1998... RICHARD A. NUCCIO is a Visiting Scholar at the Weatherhead Center for International Affairs at Harvard University. He served as President Clinton's special advisor for Cuba from 1995 to 1996. This year marks the one-hundredth anniversary of...

Helms-Burton (controversial American legislation punishes companies of any nation for using confiscated property in Cuba).
September 22, 1998... The Helms-Burton Act, a major component of US foreign policy toward Cuba, has elicited vocal complaints from the global community--especially Europe and Latin America. This law, which was passed in 1996, imposes sanctions on companies that use...

Poised for growth: Cuba's underappreciated economic potential.
September 22, 1998... JOSE LUIS RODRIGUEZ is Vice President of the Council of Ministers and is Minister of the Economy and Planning of Cuba. From 1989 to 1993, the Cuban gross domestic product fell 35 percent. This decline was due to the disappearance of...

Road to democracy: the impact of US sanctions on Cuba.
September 22, 1998... ROBERT MENENDEZ (D-NJ) is one of three Cuban-American members of the US House of Representatives and is a ranking member of the House International Relations Committee. Cuba first began to feel the impact of the US sanctions when the...

Global scourge: the AIDS crisis in the developing world.
September 22, 1998... JIM MEEKS, Staff Writer, Harvard International Review After reading newspaper beadlines and listening to the rhetoric of public bealth officials, politicians, and pharmaceutical companies, the US public appears to have justified optimism:...

Timeline: AIDS.
September 22, 1998... For a disease barely 20 years old, AIDS has a tangled and complex history, both politically and medically. Here are a few milestones in the history of one of the most destructive diseases of the century. 1978 - Signs of what will later be...

Athletics and apartheid: the evolution of integrated sports in South Africa.
September 22, 1998... JUSTIN DANILEWITZ, Staff Writer, Harvard International Review In 1995, Johannesburg's Ellis Park Stadium hosted what was arguably the most significant sporting event in South African history. It was only the third occasion for which the...

Postnational pressures: Haitian migrants in the Dominican Republic.
September 22, 1998... PEDRO PIMENTEL, Senior Editor, Harvard International Review Last June, President Leonel Fernandez of the Dominican Republic and President Rene Preval of the Republic of Haiti met in the capital city of Port-au-Prince to consider the state...

Wars of fear: coming to grips with terrorism.
September 22, 1998... ADRIAN GUELKE is Professor of Politics at The Queen's University of Belfast. In August 1998, a series of events prompted a new wave of concern about terrorism. The bombing of the US embassies in Kenya and Tanzania killed hundreds of...

Terror's new face: the radicalization and escalation of modern terrorism.
September 22, 1998... WALTER LAQUEUR is Chairman of the International Research Council at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. Terrorism promises to continue for years to come as the prevalent mode of conflict--sometimes in its "pure" form,...

Global rebels: terrorist organizations as trans-national actors.
September 22, 1998... LOUISE RICHARDSON is Associate Professor of Government at Harvard University. The widespread usage of the term terrorism, in many contexts, has rendered the word almost meaningless. Today, its only universally understood connotation is so...

Terror, society, & law: Peru's struggle against violent insurgency.
September 22, 1998... This article was translated from Spanish by Senior Editor Pedro Pimentel. ALBERTO FUJIMORI is President of the Republic of Peru. My perspective on the contemporary and ever-present phenomenon known as terrorism is not that of an...

Painful lessons: hostage-taking and US foreign policy.
September 22, 1998... TERRY ANDERSON is Associate Professor at the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism. He was held hostage in Lebanon by the Hezbullah between 1985 and 1991. A decade ago, the fate of a dozen or so American hostages in Lebanon...

Carbombs & cameras: the need for responsible media coverage of terrorism.
September 22, 1998... DALE VAN ATTA is a nationally syndicated columnist (with Jack Anderson) and is a Reader's Digest Contributing Editor. He has reported on national security and terrorism for two decades. In late May, an exiled Saudi multimillionaire who...

Reviving the bear: examining Russia's financial crisis.
September 22, 1998... Boris Brevnov is the former CEO of United Energy Systems of Russia. As Chief Executive Officer of United Energy of Russia (UES) from May 1997 until his retirement earlier this year, Boris Brevnov was responsible for the management,...

Strategic assessment in war.
September 22, 1998... by Scott S. Gartner Reviewed by ALLAN STAM Assistant Professor of Political Science, Yale University When do states change their operational plans? Under what conditions do they change their military or political strategies? These...

Tangled web.
September 22, 1998... by William Bundy Order any books reviewed or advertised in the HIRthrough Book Call. Prompt shipment worldwide, express service available. Major credit cards welcome. Mailing address: HIR, c/o Book Call, 59 Elm St., New...

Change comes to Cuba: reflections on the papal visit.
September 22, 1998... BY HIS EMINENCE BERNARD CARDINAL LAW Archbishop of Boston Since my return from the Papal visit to Cuba, I have often been asked if change might now come to the island. But change has already come. It was once thought that...