Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience articles from September 2008

Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience archives from September 2008

The neurobiology of human social behaviour: an important but neglected topic.(Editorial)(Editorial)
September 1, 2008... The past few decades have produced important advances in our understanding of how the brain regulates emotion and cognition. In comparison, research on the neuroscience of human social behaviour is a relatively neglected topic in spite of the...

Diabetes mellitus during pregnancy and increased risk of schizophrenia in offspring: a review of the evidence and putative mechanisms.(Clinical report)
September 1, 2008... Objective: To identify converging themes from the neurodevelopmental hypothesis of schizophrenia and the pathophysiology of diabetic pregnancy and to examine mechanisms by which diabetes mellitus in a pregnant mother may increase the risk of...

Provocation of obsessive--compulsive symptoms: a quantitative voxel-based meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging studies.(Clinical report)
September 1, 2008... Objective: Recent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) studies based on the symptom provocation paradigm have explored neural correlates of the cognitive and emotional processes associated with the...

The neural networks of inhibitory control in posttraumatic stress disorder.(Research Paper/Article de recherche)(Clinical report)
September 1, 2008... Objective: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) involves deficits in information processing that may reflect hypervigilence and deficient inhibitory control. To date, however, no PTSD neuroimaging study has directly examined PTSD-related...

Effect of hippocampal and amygdala volumes on clinical outcomes in major depression: a 3-year prospective magnetic resonance imaging study.(Research Paper/Article de recherche)(Clinical report)
September 1, 2008... Objective: According to the stress-toxicity hypothesis of depression, hippocampal volumes may diminish as the disease progresses. We sought to examine the changes in hippocampal and amygdala volumes at baseline and at 3 years after an acute...

Cerebral ventricular volume and temperamental difficulties in infancy. The Generation R Study.(Research Paper/Article de recherche)(Clinical report)
September 1, 2008... Background: Numerous studies have provided evidence for subtle deviations in brain morphology in children with psychiatric disorders, but much less is known about the onset and developmental trajectory of these deviations early in life. We...

Microstructural thalamic changes in schizophrenia: a combined anatomic and diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging study.(Research Article/Article de recherche)(Clinical report)
September 1, 2008... Objective: Several magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and postmortem studies have supported the role of the thalamus in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Interestingly, a recent small diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) study showed abnormal...

BDNF protein levels are decreased in transformed lymphoblasts from lithium-responsive patients with bipolar disorder.(Brief Report/Rapport sommaire)(brain-derived neurotrophic factor)(Clinical report)
September 1, 2008... Objective: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a key factor in neuroplasticity and has been implicated in the affective disorders; studies have demonstrated elevated BDNF in patients taking lithium and other mood stabilizers. The...

Psychopharmacology for the clinician psychopharmacologie pratique.(Report)
September 1, 2008... The information in this column is not intended as a definitive treatment strategy but as a suggested approach for clinicians treating patients with similar histories. Individual cases may vary and should be evaluated carefully before treatment...