Congressional Research Service (CRS) Reports and Issue Briefs articles from February 2011

Congressional Research Service (CRS) Reports and Issue Briefs archives from February 2011

U.S. direct investment abroad: trends and current issues.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents Recent Investments U.S. Multinationals Employment Conclusions February 1, 2011 Summary The United States is the largest investor abroad and the largest recipient of direct investment in the world. For some Americans, the...

Trade agreements: impact on the U.S. economy.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents Background An Overview of the Major Agreements Multilateral Agreements Regional Trade Agreements Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPP) Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA) U.S.-Southern African Customs...

The United States as a net debtor nation: overview of the international investment position.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents Background Valuing Investments Investment Patterns International Investment: Sources and Economic Impact Congressional Response February 1, 2011 Summary The international investment position of the United States is an annual...

The National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC)--responsibilities and potential congressional concerns.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents Introduction Background Current NCTC Charter Ongoing Activities Assessments of NCTC Two Incidents Congressional Concerns Contacts Author Contact Information February 1, 2011 Summary The National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC)...

Russian political, economic, and security issues and U.S. interests.(Report)
February 1, 2011... February 1, 2011 Summary Russia made some uneven progress in democratization during the 1990s, but according to most observers, this limited progress was reversed after Vladimir Putin rose to power in 1999-2000. During this period, the...

Recent developments.(Russian Political, Economic, and Security Issues and U.S. Interests)(Brief article)
February 1, 2011... On January 31, 2011, Boris Nemtsov, former deputy prime minister, and others were permitted to hold a pro-democracy rally in Moscow. However, police far outnumbered participants, prevented many people from attending, and detained some...

Post-Soviet Russia and its significance for the United States.(Russian Political, Economic, and Security Issues and U.S. Interests)(Brief article)
February 1, 2011... Although Russia may not be as central to U.S. interests as was the Soviet Union, cooperation between the two is essential in many areas. Russia remains a nuclear superpower. It still has a major impact on U.S. national security interests in...

Political and human rights developments.(Russian Political, Economic, and Security Issues and U.S. Interests)(Report)
February 1, 2011... Background Russia is a multi-ethnic state with over 100 nationalities and a complex federal structure inherited from the Soviet period that includes regions, republics, territories, and other subunits. During Boris Yeltsin's presidency, many...

Trade, economic, and energy issues.(Russian Political, Economic, and Security Issues and U.S. Interests)(Report)
February 1, 2011... Russia and the Global Economic Crisis (42) The Russian economy was hit hard by the global financial crisis and resulting economic downturn. The crisis exposed weaknesses in the economy, including its significant dependence on the production...

Foreign policy.(Russian Political, Economic, and Security Issues and U.S. Interests)(Report)
February 1, 2011... Russia and the West After the collapse of the Soviet Union and the turmoil associated with the Yeltsin period, a consensus emerged as the Putin era began on reestablishing Russia's global prestige as a "great power" and its dominance in "the...

U.S.-Russia relations.(Russian Political, Economic, and Security Issues and U.S. Interests)(Report)
February 1, 2011... The spirit of U.S.-Russian "strategic partnership" of the early 1990s was replaced by increasing tension and mutual recrimination in succeeding years. In the aftermath of the September 11, 2001, attacks, the two nations reshaped their...

Prospects for democracy in Hong Kong: the 2012 election reforms.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents Overview Historical Background The Basic Law and Hong Kong Elections The Proposed Reforms of 2005 The Decision of December 2007 The 2008 Legco Elections The 2012 Election Reforms Public Consultation and the Consultation...

Lebanon: background and U.S. relations.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents Recent Developments U.S. Policy Toward Lebanon Background Recent U.S. Assistance to Lebanon Current Issues in U.S.-Lebanon Relations Hezbollah Weapons Smuggling to Hezbollah and Alleged Missile Transfers Special...

Foreign direct investment in the United States: an economic analysis.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents Recent Investments Acquisitions and Establishments Economic Performance Conclusions February 1, 2011 Summary Foreign direct investment in the United States declined sharply after 2000, when a record $300 billion was invested in...

Belarus: background and U.S. policy concerns.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents Introduction Political and Economic Situation Economic Situation Relations with Russia NATO, the European Union, and Belarus U.S. Policy Congressional Action February 1, 2011 Summary Belarusian President Aleksandr...

Political transition in Tunisia.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents Recent Developments Tunisia's "Jasmine Revolution" Reforms Pledged Relations with the United States The U.S. Response to Recent Events U.S. Assistance Congress and Bilateral Aid Emerging Actors The Trade Unions ...

Peacekeeping/stabilization and conflict transitions: background and congressional action on the civilian response/reserve corps and other civilian stabilization and reconstruction capabilities.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents Introduction Background Evolving Perceptions of Post-Conflict Needs Calls for Change Proposals for New Civilian Forces Critics Respond Creating Civilian Reconstruction and Stabilization Capabilities: Congressional and...

Panama: political and economic conditions and U.S. relations.(Country overview)(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents Political and Economic Conditions From the Endara to the Torrijos Administration Endara Government (1989-1994 Perez Balladares Government (1994-1999) Moscoso Government (1999-2004) Torrijos Government...

Nonstrategic nuclear weapons.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents Introduction Background The Distinction Between Strategic and Nonstrategic Nuclear Weapons Definition by Observable Capabilities Definition by Exclusion U.S. and Soviet Nonstrategic Nuclear Weapons U.S. Nonstrategic...

Jordan: background and U.S. relations.(Country overview)(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents Public Protests in Jordan Other Developments Country Overview Domestic Politics and the Economy The Hashemite Royal Family Parliament, Constitution, and Elections The 1993 Election Law 2010 Parliamentary Elections ...

Yemen: background and U.S. relations.(Country overview)(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents Unrest in Yemen Country Overview A Perpetually Failing State: Yemen and the Dilemma for U.S. National Security Policy Manifestations of State Failure in Yemen Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula: History, Profile, and U.S. ...

The 2010 decennial census: background and issues.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents Introduction The Short-Form-Only Census and the American Community Survey Automated Field Operations Problems Encountered Early Assessments by the DOC Inspector General and GAO Their Assessments in 2010 Census Accuracy and Coverage ...

Iran sanctions.
February 1, 2011... February 3, 2011 Summary There appears to be a growing international consensus to adopt progressively strict economic sanctions against Iran to try to compel it to verifiably confine its nuclear program to purely peaceful uses. The U.S....

Overview.(Iran Sanctions)(Work overview)
February 1, 2011... The Obama Administration's policy approach toward Iran has contrasted with the Bush Administration's by attempting to couple the imposition of sanctions to a consistent, direct U.S. effort to negotiate with Iran on the nuclear issue. That...

The Iran Sanctions Act (ISA).(Iran Sanctions)(Report)
February 1, 2011... The Iran Sanctions Act (ISA) is one among many U.S. sanctions in place against Iran. Since its first enactment, it has attracted substantial attention because it authorizes penalties against foreign firms, many of which are incorporated in...

Ban on U.S. trade and investment with Iran.(Iran Sanctions)
February 1, 2011... A ban on U.S. trade with and investment in Iran was imposed on May 6, 1995, by President Clinton, through Executive Order 12959. (20) This followed an earlier March 1995 executive order barring U.S. investment in Iran's energy sector. The trade...

Treasury Department "targeted financial measures".(Iran Sanctions)
February 1, 2011... U.S. efforts to shut Iran out of the international banking system--gaining strength as other countries have joined the effort--have been implemented by the Treasury Department through "targeted financial measures" designed by the office of Under...

Terrorism List Designation-Related Sanctions.(Iran Sanctions)
February 1, 2011... Several U.S. sanctions are in effect as a result of Iran's presence on the U.S. "terrorism list." The list was established by Section 6(j) of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (P.L. 96-72, as amended), sanctioning countries determined to...

Proliferation-related sanctions.(Iran Sanctions)
February 1, 2011... Iran is prevented from receiving advanced technology from the United States under relevant and Iran-specific anti-proliferation laws (39) and by Executive Order 13382 (June 28, 2005). Some of these laws and executive measures seek to penalize...

U.S. efforts to promote divestment.(Iran Sanctions)(Brief article)
February 1, 2011... A growing trend not only in Congress but in several states is to require or call for or require divestment of shares of firms that have invested in Iran's energy sector (at the same levels considered sanctionable under the Iran Sanctions Act)....

U.S. sanctions intended to support Iran's opposition.(Iran Sanctions)
February 1, 2011... A trend in the 111th Congress, after the Iran election dispute, was to promote the prospects for the domestic opposition in Iran. Proposals to target the Revolutionary Guard for sanctions, discussed throughout, represent one facet of the trend...

Blocked Iranian property and assets.(Iran Sanctions)(Brief article)
February 1, 2011... Iranian leaders continue to assert that the United States is holding Iranian assets, and that this is an impediment to improved relations. A U.S.-Iran Claims Tribunal at the Hague continues to arbitrate cases resulting from the 1980 break in...

Comparative analysis: relationships of U.S. to international and multilateral sanctions.(Iran Sanctions)(Report)
February 1, 2011... The U.S. sanctions discussed in this report are more comprehensive than those imposed, to date, by the United Nations Security Council or by individual foreign countries or groups of countries, such as the European Union. However, there is...

Effects of U.S., U.N., and other country sanctions.(Iran Sanctions)(Report)
February 1, 2011... The effectiveness of U.S. and international sanctions on Iran is often difficult to measure, but U.S. officials appear increasingly convinced that the sanctions are compounding the mismanagement and other structural inadequacies of Iran's...

Gun control legislation.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents Recent Developments Legislative Action in the 111th Congress Background and Analysis Pro/Con Debate Gun-Related Statistics How Many Guns Are in the United States? How Often Are Guns Used in Homicides? How...

China and proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and missiles: policy issues.(Report)
February 1, 2011... February 3, 2011 Summary Congress has long been concerned about whether U.S. policy advances the national interest in reducing the role of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) and...

Purpose and scope.(China and Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction and Missiles: Policy Issues)(Brief article)
February 1, 2011... Congress has long been concerned about whether U.S. policy advances U.S. security interests in reducing the role of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) and missiles as well as obtaining...

PRC proliferation challenges.(China and Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction and Missiles: Policy Issues)(Report)
February 1, 2011... Partial Nonproliferation Commitments Since 1991, Beijing has taken steps to address U.S. and other countries' concerns by increasing its partial participation in international nonproliferation regimes and issuing export control regulations....

Policy issues and options.(China and Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction and Missiles: Policy Issues)(Report)
February 1, 2011... Issues for Policy Weapons proliferation by the PRC and/or its organizations raises policy issues concerning: (1) assessments of the nature and seriousness of the PRC government's role in the proliferation threat; (2) the priority of this...

Economic controls.(China and Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction and Missiles: Policy Issues)(Report)
February 1, 2011... Satellite Exports There have been debates about U.S. policy using satellite exports to gain China's cooperation in missile nonproliferation. Since 1988, the policy of granting licenses to export satellites to China as well as presidential...

Nonproliferation and arms control.(China and Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction and Missiles: Policy Issues)(Report)
February 1, 2011... Nonproliferation Regimes (MTCR, NSG, etc.) Another policy approach is to strengthen the international nonproliferation regimes. There are two prongs in such efforts: (1) encouraging PRC support for strengthening the regimes (e.g., the IAEA's...

International lending.(China and Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction and Missiles: Policy Issues)(Report)
February 1, 2011... Congress might seek to link U.S. support for loans made by international financial institutions to China's nonproliferation record. The Iran-Iraq Arms Nonproliferation Act requires U.S. opposition to multilateral loans for sanctioned countries...

China naval modernization: implications for U.S. navy capabilities--background and issues for Congress.(Report)
February 1, 2011... February 3, 2011 Summary The question of how the United States should respond to China's military modernization effort, including its naval modernization effort, has emerged as a key issue in U.S. defense planning. Admiral Michael Mullen,...

Introduction.(China Naval Modernization: Implications for U.S. Navy Capabilities--Background and Issues for Congress)(Report)
February 1, 2011... Issue for Congress The question of how the United States should respond to China's military modernization effort, including its naval modernization effort, has emerged as a key issue in U.S. defense planning. A June 10, 2010, press report...

Background.(China Naval Modernization: Implications for U.S. Navy Capabilities--Background and Issues for Congress)(Report)
February 1, 2011... Overview of China's Naval Modernization Effort (5) Date of Inception Observers date the beginning of China's naval modernization effort to various points in the 1990s. (6) Design work on some of China's newer ship classes appears to have...

Potential oversight issues for Congress.(China Naval Modernization: Implications for U.S. Navy Capabilities--Background and Issues for Congress)(Report)
February 1, 2011... China as a Defense-Planning Priority In U.S. defense planning and programming, how much emphasis should be placed on programs for countering improved Chinese military forces in coming years? The question of how much emphasis to place in...

Legislative activity for FY2012.(China Naval Modernization: Implications for U.S. Navy Capabilities--Background and Issues for Congress)(Brief article)
February 1, 2011... The Administration is expected to submit its proposed FY2012 defense budget to Congress on or about February 14, 2011.

Appendix A. China's maritime territorial claims and position regarding operations in EEZ.(China Naval Modernization: Implications for U.S. Navy Capabilities--Background and Issues for Congress)(exclusive economic zone)(Report)
February 1, 2011... This appendix provides additional discussion of China's maritime territorial claims and China's position regarding foreign military operations in China's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). (151) China's Territorial Claims in the South China Sea...

Appendix B. excerpt from March 2010 testimony of commander, U.S. Pacific Command.(China Naval Modernization: Implications for U.S. Navy Capabilities--Background and Issues for Congress)(Excerpt)
February 1, 2011... On March 23, 2010, Admiral Robert Willard, the Commander of U.S. Pacific Command, testified that China's growing presence and influence in the region create both challenges and opportunities for the United States and regional ...

Appendix C. Prior-Year Legislative Activity
February 1, 2011... FY2011 FY2011 Defense Authorization Bill (H.R. 6523/H.R. 5136/S. 3454) House (H.R. 5136) Section 1060 of the FY2011 defense authorization bill (H.R. 5136) as reported by the House Armed Services Committee (H.Rept. 111-491 of May 21,...

Afghanistan casualties: military forces and civilians.(Statistical table)
February 1, 2011... February 3, 2011 Summary This report collects statistics from a variety of sources on casualties sustained during Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF), which began on October 7, 2001, and is ongoing. OEF actions take place primarily in...

U.S.-Mexico economic relations: trends, issues, and implications.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents Introduction U.S.-Mexico Economic Trends Mexico-U.S. Bilateral Foreign Direct Investment Mexico's Export-Oriented Assembly Plants Mexico's Regulations for Manufacturing Plants Plants and Employment Levels Worker...

Nonproliferation and threat reduction assistance: U.S. programs in the former Soviet Union.
February 1, 2011... February 4, 2011 Summary Congress passed the Nunn-Lugar amendment, authorizing U.S. threat reduction assistance to the former Soviet Union, in November 1991, after a failed coup in Moscow and the disintegration of the Soviet Union raised...

Introduction.(Nonproliferation and Threat Reduction Assistance: U.S. Programs in the Former Soviet Union)(Report)
February 1, 2011... In its FY2011 budget request, the Obama Administration sought around $1.12 billion for threat reduction and nonproliferation programs in Russia and the other states of the former Soviet Union. This includes $522.5 million for DOD's Cooperative...

Background.(Nonproliferation and Threat Reduction Assistance: U.S. Programs in the Former Soviet Union)(Report)
February 1, 2011... The Nunn-Lugar Amendment Congress initiated U.S. threat reduction and nonproliferation assistance to the Soviet Union in November 1991. A failed coup in Moscow in August 1991 and the subsequent disintegration of the Soviet Union had raised...

Department of Defense Cooperative Threat Reduction Program
February 1, 2011... Program Objectives At its inception, the CTR program sought to provide Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, and Kazakhstan with assistance in the safe and secure transportation, storage, and dismantlement of nuclear weapons. During the first few years,...

State Department.(Nonproliferation and Threat Reduction Assistance: U.S. Programs in the Former Soviet Union)(Report)
February 1, 2011... The State Department has played an integral role in U.S. nonproliferation and threat reduction programs since their inception. It has taken the lead in negotiating the broad agreements needed before recipient nations can receive U.S. assistance...

Department of Energy.(Nonproliferation and Threat Reduction Assistance: U.S. Programs in the Former Soviet Union)(Report)
February 1, 2011... The Department of Energy has contributed to U.S. threat reduction and nonproliferation assistance to the former Soviet states from the start, when CTR included a small amount of funding for materials control and protection. Officials from DOE...

Issues for Congress.(Nonproliferation and Threat Reduction Assistance: U.S. Programs in the Former Soviet Union)(Report)
February 1, 2011... Congress has addressed a number of issues during the years since it passed the Nunn-Lugar amendment and DOD established the Cooperative Threat Reduction Program. Many of these are discussed in detail in CRS Report 97-1027, Nunn-Lugar Cooperative...

Egypt: background and U.S. relations.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents Revolution in Egypt: Latest Developments, U.S. Foreign Policy, and Issues for the 112th Congress The People's Revolution: A Timeline January 25 to January 28, 2011: Protests and Police Confrontations January 29 to...

U.S.-Latin America trade: recent trends and policy issues.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents U.S.-Latin America Trade Agreements Trends in U.S.-Latin American Trade The Future of U.S.-Latin America Trade Relations Figures Figure 1. U.S. Direction of Total World Trade, 1996 and 2009 Tables Table 1. Measures of Trade Openness...

Trade Promotion Authority (TPA) and the role of congress in trade policy.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents Introduction A Brief History of TPA The U.S. Constitution and Foreign Trade The Evolution of the Congressional-Executive Partnership The Creation of Fast Track Trade Authority Subsequent Renewals of Fast Track Trade Authority...

State, foreign operations appropriations: a guide to component accounts.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents Introduction Account Descriptions Title I--Department of State and Related Agencies Administration of Foreign Affairs Diplomatic and Consular Programs (D&CP) Civilian Stabilization Initiative (CSI) Capital Investment Fund...

Kuwait: security, reform, and U.S. policy.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents Kuwaiti Government Changes and Political Reform Government-National Assembly Disputes 2008 Crisis and Election 2009 Election and Further Political Crises 2010-2011 Parliamentary Session: Disputes Expand ...

A U.S.-Centric chronology of the international climate change negotiations.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents Overview of the International Climate Change Negotiations The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (1992) The Kyoto Protocol (1997) The Bali Action Plan and Kyoto Protocol Tracks (2007) The Copenhagen Sessions and the...

Brazil-U.S. relations.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents Background Political Situation The Lula Administration (2003-2010) 2010 Elections Prospects for the Rousseff Administration Economic Conditions Background on Reform and Stabilization Global Financial...

Tajikistan: recent developments and U.S. interests.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents Background U.S.-Tajik Relations Overview of U.S. Support for Tajikistan Cooperation on Counter-Terrorism and Counter-Narcotics Political Developments Human Rights Foreign Policy and Defense The Tajik Civil War The 2010...

Taiwan: major U.S. arms sales since 1990.(Report)
February 1, 2011... February 10, 2011 Summary This report, updated as warranted, discusses U.S. security assistance to Taiwan, or Republic of China (ROC), including policy issues for Congress and legislation. Congress has oversight of the Taiwan Relations Act...

U.S. policy.(Role of Congress-April 2001 Arms Requests and Status of Arms Sales)(Report)
February 1, 2011... This CRS Report discusses U.S. security assistance for Taiwan, formally called the Republic of China (ROC), particularly policy issues for Congress. It also lists sales of major defense articles and services to Taiwan, as approved by the...

U.S. Policy.(Policy Issues for Congress-Major Congressional Action)(Report)
February 1, 2011... Since the early 1990s, and accelerated after the Taiwan Strait crisis of 1995-1996, the PLA has modernized with a missile buildup and foreign arms acquisitions, primarily from Russia. (137) As a result of the PLA's provocative exercises and...

Major U.S. arms sales as notified to Congress.(Taiwan: Major U.S. Arms Sales Since 1990)(Report)
February 1, 2011... The following table provides information on U.S. sales (not deliveries) of major defense articles and services to Taiwan, as approved by the President and formally notified to Congress since 1990. Based on unclassified notices and news reports,...

Foreign aid: an introduction to U.S. programs and policy.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents Foreign Aid: An Introduction to U.S. Programs and Policy Foreign Aid Purposes and Priorities What Are the Rationales and Objectives of U.S. Foreign Assistance? Rationales for Foreign Aid Objectives of Foreign Aid What...

Food safety issues for the 112th congress.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents Background Food Safety Incidents Existing Food Safety Legal and Regulatory Landscape FDA Food Safety Modernization Act (P.L. 111-353) Key Issues for the 112th Congress Oversight and Implementation of the New Law Funding the...

Algeria: current issues.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents Recent Developments: Political Unrest Issues for U.S. Policy Background Government and Politics Terrorism Counterterrorism Human Rights The Economy Foreign Affairs Morocco France European Union The United States Contacts...

Afghanistan: politics, elections, and government performance.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contest Post-Taliban Transition and Political Landscape Afghan Authority Structures and Politics Ethnicity, Tribal, and Personal Relations Establishment of The Afghan Government Structure Bonn Agreement Permanent...

The Speaker of the House: House Officer, Party Leader, and Representative.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Introduction Selection of the Speaker The Speaker as Leader of the House The Speaker as Party Leader The Speaker as a Member of the House Appendixes Appendix A. Speakers of the House of Representatives, 1789-2011 Appendix B. Select Bibliography...

Security assistance reform: "section 1206" background and issues for Congress.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Background Section 1206 In Action Purpose, Scope, and Timeline of Current Activities Section 1206 Recipients Conditions on Section 1206 Programs Joint DOD-State Department Selection and Approval Process Funding Provisions and...

Reaching the debt limit: background and potential effects on government operations.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Federal Government Debt and the Debt Limit The Debt Limit and the Treasury Past Treasury Actions to Postpone Reaching the Debt Limit Current Treasury Actions in 2011 Surrounding the Debt Limit Potential Implications of Reaching and Not...

Party leaders in the United States Congress, 1789-2011.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents Introduction and Methodological Notes Identifying House Leaders Identifying Senate Leaders Party Affiliation Designations Leadership Posts Excluded House Positions: Descriptions and Historical Tables Speaker of the House...

International food aid: U.S. and other donor contributions.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents International Food Aid Shipments of Major Donors Food Aid Contributions to the World Food Program Commitments under the Food Aid Convention Appendixes Appendix A. Food Aid by Major Donor, 1995/96-2006/07 Appendix B. Food Aid...

Intelligence issues for Congress.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents Most Recent Developments Background and Analysis Intelligence Community Authorization Legislation The "INTs": Intelligence Disciplines Other "INTs" Integrating the "INTs" Intelligence Budget Process The 9/11...

Implications of Egypt's turmoil on global oil and natural gas supply.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents Introduction Closing of the Suez Canal and Suez-Mediterranean Oil Pipeline Natural Gas Supplies: A Regional Issue Oil Exports Already Minimal Global Oil and Natural Gas Markets: A Short-Term Concern Contacts Author Contact Information...

Egypt: the January 25 revolution and implications for U.S. foreign policy.(Report)
February 1, 2011... Contents The January 25 Revolution in Egypt: Latest Developments, U.S. Foreign Policy, and Issues for the 112th Congress The People's Revolution: A Timeline January 25 to January 28, 2011: Protests and Police Confrontations ...

Committee types and roles.(Report)
February 1, 2011... February 11, 2011 Structure of the Committee System Congress divides its legislative, oversight, and internal administrative tasks among more than 200 committees and subcommittees. Within assigned areas, these functional subunits gather...