American Zoologist articles from April 1998

American Zoologist archives from April 1998

The role of lipid physical properties in lipid barriers.
April 1, 1998... Introduction Lipids comprise those compounds that are insoluble in aqueous media and soluble in non-polar solvents. They are unique among biological molecules in that they are defined by their physical properties rather than by their...

Membrane lipids: what membrane physical properties are conserved during psysiochemically-induced membrane restructuring.
April 1, 1998... Introduction Biological membranes are assemblies of lipid and protein that separate inside from outside and are responsible for the distinction between compartment and environment. Membranes are involved in a variety of indispensable...

Cholesterol function in plasma membranes from ectotherms: membrane-specific roles in adaptation to temperature.
April 1, 1998... INTRODUCTION Ectothermic animals occupy a variety of thermal environments, and as a result, body temperatures of these animals vary appreciably. Many ectothermic organisms are adapted to temperature variation allowing physiological...

The changing state of surfactant lipids: new insights from ancient animals.
April 1, 1998... Introduction The environment consists of matter in one of three physical states: solid, liquid or gas. The unequal forces of attraction between molecules in different phases result in surface tension at the boundary between the phases....

Buoyancy in marine fishes: direct and indirect role of lipids.
April 1, 1998... Introduction Strategies for buoyancy regulation in marine fishes are diverse. Positive buoyancy occurs in air-breathing fishes and swordfish when resting at the surface. Negative buoyancy is characteristic of benthic organisms which...

Lipid metabolism in hibernators: the importance of essential fatty acids.
April 1, 1998... Introduction "To summarize, until 1940 science had succeeded in establishing what might have been guessed by an intelligent savage: that since many hibernators get fat in the autumn and thin by spring, they ...

The relationship between lipid peroxidation, hibernation, and food selection in mammals.
April 1, 1998... Introduction Numerous mammals in the orders Carnivora, Chiroptera, Insectivora, Marsupialia, Monotremata, Primates, and Rodentia use torpor to survive seasonally cold periods and/or food shortages (Geiser, 1994; Lyman, 1982; Nicol and...

Regulation of metamorphosis-associated changes in the lipid metabolism of selected vertebrates.
April 1, 1998... Introduction Most vertebrates adopt and maintain a single habitat or life style after birth, but many fish and amphibians have complex life histories that involve changing habitats (Dickhoff, 1993). Preadaptation to life in the new...

The biology of prostaglandins and related eicosanoids in invertebrates: cellular, organismal and ecological actions.
April 1, 1998... Introduction Prostaglandins (PGs) and related oxygenated fatty acids are collectively known as eicosanoids. These compounds are biosynthesized by enzymatic oxygenation of three C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs):...

Sites of synthesis and transport pathways of insect hydrocarbons: cuticle and ovary as target tissues.
April 1, 1998... Introduction Insect cuticle is a complex of chitin fibrils in a matrix of proteins to which muscles, tracheae, and the alimentary canal are anchored and against which hydrostatic pressure can be exerted by the hemolymph. An...

Roles of hydrocarbons in the recognition systems of insects.
April 1, 1998... Introduction The surface of the insect body is covered by a cuticle that is made up of layers. The outermost layer of this cuticle, the epicuticle, is composed of a mixture of lipids. These lipids are synthesized by oenocytes, and are...

Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution, 2d ed.
April 1, 1998... Style and content -- Each chapter starts with an outline in point form that indicates the organization and contents of that chapter. The first five chapters serve as an introduction to the remainder of the chapters that each deal with a...

Comparative Anatomy of the Vertebrates, 8th ed.
April 1, 1998... Style and content -- Each chapter starts with a very brief introduction and outline. Chapters conclude with an extensive, point form summary that should serve as a useful checklist and study guide. The first five chapters form an introduction...

Analysis of Vertebrate Structure, 4th ed.
April 1, 1998... Style and content -- The book is divided into four parts and starts with an introductory chapter that sets out basic principles of comparative anatomy and includes a list of general references. Part I, also introductory, is a survey of...

Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates, 2d ed.
April 1, 1998... Style and content -- Each chapter starts with a precis and a point form outline. The chapters conclude with a thorough summary. The first four chapters introduce the reader to the text that continues as a system by system treatment of the...

Functional Chordate Anatomy.
April 1, 1998... Style and content -- Each chapter starts with a point form outline, plus an introduction. The chapters are well written and organized in parallel style; they each contain sections dealing with development, basic structure, comparative survey...

Organizing Scientific Meetings.
April 1, 1998... If you are thinking about organizing your first scientific meeting, this is not the book for you to read -- it may change your mind. Then again, it is precisely the book you must read! Running a scientific meeting has always been a labor of...

Behavioral Approaches to Conservation in the Wild.
April 1, 1998... Most ethologists and behavioral ecologists first become interested in their field because they enjoy observing animals and identifying why animals act as they do. As emotionally tied to their subjects as these researchers are. it is not...