Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience articles from September 2000

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience archives from September 2000

Brain Areas Involved in Perception of Biological Motion.
September 1, 2000... Abstract * These experiments use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to reveal neural activity uniquely associated with perception of biological motion. We isolated brain areas activated during the viewing of point-light figures,...

Shifting from the Perceptual Brain to the Logical Brain: The Neural Impact of Cognitive Inhibition Training.
September 1, 2000... Abstract * What happens in the human brain when the mind has to inhibit a perceptual process in order to activate a logical reasoning process? Here, we use functional imaging to show the networks of brain areas involved in a deductive...

Performance on Indirect Measures of Race Evaluation Predicts Amygdala Activation.
September 1, 2000... Abstract * We used fMRI to explore the neural substrates involved in the unconscious evaluation of Black and White social groups. Specifically, we focused on the amygdala, a subcortical structure known to play a role in emotional learning...

Visualization and Measurement of the Cortical Surface.
September 1, 2000... Abstract * Much of the human cortical surface is obscured from view by the complex pattern of folds, making the spatial relationship between different surface locations hard to interpret. Methods for viewing large portions of the brain's...

Abnormal Functional Activation During a Simple Word Repetition Task: A PET Study of Adult Dyslexics.
September 1, 2000... Abstract * Eight dyslexic subjects, impaired on a range of tasks requiring phonological processing, were matched for age and general ability with six control subjects. Participants were scanned using positron emission tomography (PET)...

Brain Activation During Mental Transformation of Size.
September 1, 2000... Abstract * Visual comparison between different-sized objects with respect to shape can be done by encoding one of the objects as a mental image, transforming the image to the size format of the other object, and then testing for a match...

The Effects of Divided Attention on Encoding- and Retrieval-Related Brain Activity: A PET Study of Younger and Older Adults.
September 1, 2000... Abstract * Divided attention (DA) disrupts episodic encoding, but has little effect on episodic retrieval. Furthermore, normal aging is associated with episodic memory impairments, and when young adults are made to encode information under...

Hemispheric Asymmetries for Whole-Based and Part-Based Face Processing in the Human Fusiform Gyrus.
September 1, 2000... Abstract * Behavioral studies indicate a right hemisphere advantage for processing a face as a whole and a left hemisphere superiority for processing based on face features. The present PET study identifies the anatomical localization of...

Asymmetry of Neuronal Activity During Extracellular Microelectrode Recording from Left and Right Human Temporal Lobe Neocortex During Rhyming and Line-Matching.
September 1, 2000... Abstract * Recordings of neuronal activity in humans have identified few correlates of the known hemispheric asymmetries of functional lateralization. Here, we examine single-unit activity recorded from both hemispheres during two delayed...

Mental Maze Solving.
September 1, 2000... Abstract * We sought to determine how a visual maze is mentally solved. Human subjects (N = 13) viewed mazes with orthogonal, unbranched paths; each subject solved 200-600 mazes in any specific experiment below. There were four to six...

Impaired Processing of Complex Auditory Stimuli in Rats with Induced Cerebrocortical Microgyria: An Animal Model of Developmental Language Disabilities.
September 1, 2000... Abstract * Individuals with developmental language disabilities, including developmental dyslexia and specific language impairment (SLI), exhibit impairments in processing rapidly presented auditory stimuli. It has been hypothesized that...

The Role of Spatial Selective Attention in Working Memory for Locations: Evidence from Event-Related Potentials.
September 1, 2000... Abstract * We investigated the hypothesis that the covert focusing of spatial attention mediates the on-line maintenance of location information in spatial working memory. During the delay period of a spatial working-memory task,...

Fine Discrimination of Faces can be Performed Rapidly.
September 1, 2000... Abstract * Here we measure the smallest change in a face that can be discriminated. A morphing algorithm mixed two faces in variable proportions to create a series of synthetic faces that each differed by a tiny amount. By selecting from...

Grasping after a Delay Shifts Size-Scaling from Absolute to Relative Metrics.
September 1, 2000... Abstract * We carried out three experiments designed to compare the effects of relative and absolute size on manual prehension and manual estimates of perceived size. In each experiment, right-handed subjects were presented with two...

Electrophysiological Correlates of Conscious Vision: Evidence from Unilateral Extinction.
September 1, 2000... Abstract * To study the electrophysiological correlates of conscious vision, we recorded event-related potentials (ERPs) in a patient with partial unilateral visual extinction as a result of right-hemisphere damage. When, following...

Topographic and Temporal Indices of Vowel Spectral Envelope Extraction in the Human Auditory Cortex.
September 1, 2000... Abstract * The auditory-evoked neuromagnetic field elicited by single vowel formants and two-formant vowels was recorded under active listening conditions using a 37-channel magnetometer. There were three single formants with formant...

The Strategic Control of Gaze Direction in the Tower of London Task.
September 1, 2000... Abstract * In this paper, we describe a novel approach to the study of problem solving involving the detailed analysis of natural scanning eye movements during the "one-touch" Tower-of-London (TOL) task. We showed subjects a series of...

The New Cognitive Neurosciences.(Review)
September 1, 2000... Michael S. Gazzaniga MIT Press ISBN 0-262-07195-9 1419 pp. Illumined she is with clear cognition in her soul. (Osbern Bokenham, 1447) The prodigious growth of neuroscience in the latter part of the 20th century has...

Commentary.(Brief Article)
September 1, 2000... We are submitting the following note as a technical criticism of a recent paper in your journal, Color Vision and the Four-Color-Map Problem, by Purves et al. (JOCN 12:2, 233-237, 2000), which asserts that the need for four opponent colors in...

Reply.(Brief Article)
September 1, 2000... The question raised by Schwartz and Cohen--why any four-color percepts cannot suffice to solve the four-color-map problem in vision--is specifically addressed in the section of our paper entitled "Why not any four colors?" (p. 236). To remind...

Erratum.(Correction Notice)
September 1, 2000... In the article entitled The Fusiform "Face Area" is Part of a Network that Processes Faces at the Individual Level, by Isabel Gauthier, Michael J. Tarr, Jill Moylan, Pawel Skudlarski, John C. Gore, and Adam W. Anderson, Journal of Cognitive...