Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience articles from November 2000

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience archives from November 2000

Erratum.(Correction Notice)
November 1, 2000... In JOCN 12:Supplement Number 2 2000 on page 88, the accession number for the Hinrichs et al. manuscript should read 2-2000-11158. On page 141 the accession number for the Marshuetz et al. manuscript should read 2-2000-1117M.

Confidence in Recognition Memory for Words: Dissociating Right Prefrontal Roles in Episodic Retrieval.
November 1, 2000... Abstract * We used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (efMRI) to investigate brain regions showing differential responses as a function of confidence in an episodic word recognition task. Twelve healthy volunteers...

An Electrophysiological Test of Directed Forgetting: The Role of Retrieval Inhibition.
November 1, 2000... Abstract A central issue in the research of directed forgetting is whether the differential memory performance for to-be-remembered (TBR) and to-be-forgotten (TBF) items is solely due to differential encoding or whether retrieval...

True But Not False Memories Produce a Sensory Signature in Human Lateralized Brain Potentials.
November 1, 2000... Abstract * False memories (e.g., recognition of events that did not occur) are considered behaviorally and subjectively indistinguishable from true memories. We report that brain activity differs when true and false memories are retrieved....

The Effect of Learned Perceptual Associations on Visuomotor Programming Varies with Kinematic Demands.
November 1, 2000... Abstract * The present set of experiments investigated the possibility that learned perceptual information can, under certain circumstances, be utilized by visuomotor programming. In Experiment 1 (N = 28), an association was established...

Retrieval Success is Accompanied by Enhanced Activation in Anterior Prefrontal Cortex During Recognition Memory: An Event-Related fMRI Study.
November 1, 2000... Abstract * Neural regions associated with retrieval success were identified using event-related fMRI procedures and randomly ordered trials on a recognition memory test. Differences between hits and correct rejections (CRs) occurred in...

Complementary Category Learning Systems Identified Using Event-Related Functional MRI.
November 1, 2000... Abstract Event-related fMRI was used to dissociate the neural systems involved in category learning with and without awareness. Ten subjects performed a speeded response category learning task. Functional MR images were acquired during...

fMRI Studies of Stroop Tasks Reveal Unique Roles of Anterior and Posterior Brain Systems in Attentional Selection.
November 1, 2000... Abstract * The brain's attentional system identifies and selects information that is task-relevant while ignoring information that is task-irrelevant. In two experiments using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we examined the effects...

Computer-Based Training of Stimulus Detection Improves Color and Simple Pattern Recognition in the Defective Field of Hemianopic Subjects.
November 1, 2000... Abstract * In a previously conducted randomized placebo-controlled trial, we were able to demonstrate significant visual field enlargement induced by restitution therapy in patients with cerebral lesions [Kasten, E,, Wuest, S.,...

Mental Imagery of Faces and Places Activates Corresponding Stimulus-Specific Brain Regions.
November 1, 2000... Abstract * What happens in the brain when you conjure up a mental image in your mind's eye? We tested whether the particular regions of extrastriate cortex activated during mental imagery depend on the content of the image. Using...

Imaginal, Semantic, and Surface-Level Processing of Concrete and Abstract Words: An Electrophysiological Investigation.
November 1, 2000... Abstract * Words representing concrete concepts are processed more quickly and efficiently than words representing abstract concepts. Concreteness effects have also been observed in studies using event-related brain potentials (ERPs). The...

Auditory Cortex Accesses Phonological Categories: An MEG Mismatch Study.
November 1, 2000... Abstract * The studies presented here use an adapted oddball paradigm to show evidence that representations of discrete phonological categories are available to the human auditory cortex. Brain activity was recorded using a 37-channel...

Neglect Between but Not Within Auditory Objects.
November 1, 2000... Abstract * Unilateral neglect is frequently characterized by the presence of extinction, which is a lack of awareness to contralesional visual stimuli in the presence of those further towards the ipsilesional side. It has been established...

Capacity Theory as a Model of Cortical Behavior.
November 1, 2000... Abstract * Growing evidence suggests that a more complete understanding of cortical function requires developing cognitive models that are predictive of multivariate neural behavior (e.g., Raichle, 2000; Shulman et al., 1997). Towards this...

Letter from the Special Issue Editor.
November 1, 2000... Dear Colleagues: We are pleased to bring to our readership this special issue that celebrates the launching of the NSF/Keck Foundation--National fMRI Data Center. Fifteen different laboratories across the world were invited to participate...

Activity in Human Frontal Cortex Associated with Spatial Working Memory and Saccadic Behavior.
November 1, 2000... Abstract * We examined, with event-related fMRI, two hypotheses about the organization of human working memory function in frontal cortex: (1) that a region immediately anterior to the frontal eye fields (FEE) (superior frontal cortex,...

Transient Activity in the Human Calcarine Cortex During Visual-Mental Imagery: An Event-Related fMRI Study.
November 1, 2000... Abstract * Although it is largely accepted that visual-mental imagery and perception draw on many of the same neural structures, the existence and nature of neural processing in the primary visual cortex (or area V1) during visual imagery...

Functional Brain Imaging of Young, Nondemented, and Demented Older Adults.
November 1, 2000... Abstract * Brain imaging based on functional MEI (fMRI) provides a powerful tool for characterizing age-related changes in functional anatomy. However, between-population comparisons confront potential differences in measurement...

The Representation of Objects in the Human Occipital and Temporal Cortex.(Statistical Data Included)
November 1, 2000... Abstract * Recently, we identified, using fMRI, three bilateral regions in the ventral temporal cortex that responded preferentially to faces, houses, and chairs [Ishai, A., Ungerleider, L. G., Martin, A., Schouten, J. L., & Haxby, J. V....

Interactions Between Forms of Memory: When Priming Hinders New Episodic Learning.
November 1, 2000... Abstract * Human memory Consists of multiple forms, including priming and explicit memory. Although considerable evidence indicates that priming and explicit memory are functionally and neuroanatomically distinct, little is know about when...

Attention Mechanisms in Visual Search--An fMRI Study.(functional magnetic resonance imaging )
November 1, 2000... Abstract * The human visual system is usually confronted with many different objects at a time, with only some of them reaching consciousness. Reaction-time studies have revealed two different strategies by which objects are selected for...

Deconvolution of Event-Related fMRI Responses in Fast-Rate Experimental Designs: Tracking Amplitude Variations.
November 1, 2000... Abstract * Recent developments towards event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging has greatly extended the range of experimental designs. If the events occur in rapid succession, the corresponding time-locked responses overlap...

The Influence of Memory Load Upon Delay-Interval Activity in a Working-Memory Task: An Event-Related Functional MRI Study.
November 1, 2000... Abstract * We conducted two fMRI studies to investigate the sensitivity of delay-period activity to changes in memory load during a delayed-recognition task for faces. In Experiment 1, each trial began with the presentation of a memory...

Neural Mechanisms of Visual Attention: Object-Based Selection of a Region in Space.
November 1, 2000... Abstract * Objects play an important role in guiding spatial attention through a cluttered visual environment. We used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (ER-fMRI) to measure brain activity during cued discrimination tasks...

Neural Activation During Response Competition.
November 1, 2000... Abstract * The flanker task, introduced by Eriksen and Eriksen [Eriksen, B. A., & Eriksen, C. W. (1974). Effects of noise letters upon the identification of a target letter in a nonsearch task. Perception & Psychophysics, 16, 143-149],...

Order Information in Working Memory: fMRI Evidence for Parietal and Prefrontal Mechanisms.
November 1, 2000... Abstract * Working memory is thought to include a mechanism that allows for the coding of order information. One question of interest is how order information is coded, and how that code is neurally implemented. Here we report both...

The Effects of Presentation Rate During Word and Pseudoword Reading: A Comparison of PET and fMRI.
November 1, 2000... Abstract * The effect of stimulus rate and its interaction with stimulus type on brain activity during reading was investigated using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). This (i) enabled the segregation of brain regions showing...

The Emotional Modulation of Cognitive Processing: An fMRI Study.
November 1, 2000... Abstract * The functional neuroanatomy of visual processing of surface features of emotionally valenced pictorial stimuli was examined in normal human subjects using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Pictorial stimuli were of...