Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience articles from May 2000

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience archives from May 2000

Language Processing Modulated by Literacy: A Network Analysis of Verbal Repetition in Literate and Illiterate Subjects.
May 1, 2000... Simon Askel[ddot{o}]f Abstract * Previous behavioral and functional neuroimaging data indicate that certain aspects of phonological processing may not be acquired spontaneously, but are modulated by learning an alphabetic written...

Deficits in Visual Feature Binding Under Isoluminant Conditions.
May 1, 2000... Abstract * The contribution of the magnocellular stream to visual feature binding was examined psychophysically through the use of isoluminant stimuli. Subjects were presented with three briefly flashed colored letters arranged in an array...

The Influence of Stimulus Deviance on Electrophysiologic and Behavioral Responses to Novel Events.
May 1, 2000... Abstract * This study investigated the role of stimulus deviance in determining electrophysiologic and behavioral responses to "novelty." Stimulus deviance was defined in terms of differences either from the immediately preceding context...

Sex Steroids Modify Working Memory.
May 1, 2000... Abstract * In the last ten years, numerous mechanisms by which sex steroids modify cortical function have been described. For example, estrogen replacement improves verbal memory in women, and animal studies have shown effects of estrogen...

When Far Becomes Near: Remapping of Space by Tool Use.
May 1, 2000... Abstract * Far (extrapersonal) and near (peripersonal) spaces are behaviorally defined as the space outside the hand-reaching distance and the space within the hand-reaching distance. Animal and human studies have confirmed this...

The Endogenous Modulation of IOR is Nasal-Temporal Asymmetric.(Inhibition of return)
May 1, 2000... Abstract * Inhibition of return (IOR) refers to a reflexive mechanism mediated by phylogenetically primitive extrageniculate visuo-motor pathways, which apparently serves to favor novel spatial locations by inhibiting those recently...

A Model that Accounts for Activity Prior to Sensory Inputs and Responses During Matching-to-Sample Tasks.
May 1, 2000... Abstract * Neural network models were examined during delayed matching-to-sample tasks (DMS), and neurons in a monkey's prefrontal cortex were studied during the performance of comparable tasks. In DMS, various input stimuli follow a...

Cerebral Specialization for Speech and Non-Speech Stimuli in Infants.
May 1, 2000... Abstract * Early cerebral specialization and lateralization for auditory processing in 4-month-old infants was studied by recording high-density evoked potentials to acoustical and phonetic changes in a series of repeated stimuli (either...

Neuroanatomical Substrates of Arabic Number Processing, Numerical Comparison, and Simple Addition: A PET Study.
May 1, 2000... Abstract * Positron emission tomography was used to localize the cerebral networks specifically involved in three basic numerical processes: arabic numeral processing, numerical magnitude comparison, and retrieval of simple addition facts....

A Fronto-Posterior Network Involved in Visual Dimension Changes.
May 1, 2000... H.J. M[ddpt{u}]ller Abstract * Objects characterized by a unique visual feature may pop out of their environment. When participants have to search for such "odd-one-out" targets, detection is facilitated when targets are consistently...

The Fusiform "Face Area" is Part of a Network that Processes Faces at the Individual Level.
May 1, 2000... Abstract * According to modular models of cortical organization, many areas of the extrastriate cortex are dedicated to object categories. These models often assume an early processing stage for the detection of category membership. Can...

A Computational Model of Information Processing in the Frontal Cortex and Basal Ganglia.
May 1, 2000... Abstract * Performance on the Wisconsin Card Sort Test (WCST) of patients with schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's disease (HD) was simulated by a neural network model constructed on principles derived from...

Brain Indices of Music Processing: "Nonmusicians" are Musical.
May 1, 2000... Erich Schr[ddot{o}]ger Abstract * Only little systematic research has examined event-related brain potentials (ERPs) elicited by the cognitive processing of music. The present study investigated how music processing is influenced by a...

Object-Centered Visual Neglect, or Relative Egocentric Neglect?
May 1, 2000... There has been much recent interest in the spatial frame(s)-of-reference that may influence visual neglect after brain injury (Pouget & Driver, 1999; Bisiach, 1996; Driver, Baylis, Goodrich, & Rafal, 1994). In principle, a patient with left...

Preface.
May 1, 2000... Late one evening in 1984 the phone rang in Dr. Ursula Bellugi's lab at the Salk Institute. The woman on the phone began by saying "Noam Chomsky told me to call you...." The woman described her daughter, age 14, who seemed to have a rare...

The Neurocognitive Profile of Williams Syndrome: A Complex Pattern of Strengths and Weaknesses.
May 1, 2000... Abstract * The rare, genetically based disorder, Williams syndrome (WMS), produces a constellation of distinctive cognitive, neuroanatomical, and electrophysiological features which we explore through the series of studies reported here....

Hypersociability in Williams Syndrome.
May 1, 2000... Abstract * Studies of abnormal populations provide a rare opportunity for examining relationships between cognition, genotype and brain neurobiology, permitting comparisons across these different levels of analysis. In our studies, we...

Electrophysiological Studies of Face Processing in Williams Syndrome.
May 1, 2000... Abstract * Williams Syndrome (WMS) is a genetically based disorder characterized by pronounced variability in performance across different domains of cognitive functioning. This study examined brain activity linked to face-processing...

Neuroanatomy of Williams Syndrome: A High-Resolution MRI Study.
May 1, 2000... Abstract * Williams syndrome (WMS), a genetic condition resulting from a contiguous deletion on the long arm of chromosome 7, is associated with a relatively consistent profile of neurocognitive and neurobehavioral features. The...

Multi-Level Analysis of Cortical Neuroanatomy in Williams Syndrome.
May 1, 2000... Abstract * The purpose of a neuroanatomical analysis of Williams Syndrome (WMS) brains is to help bridge the knowledge of the genetics of this disorder with the knowledge on behavior. Here, we outline findings of cortical neuroanatomy at...

Genome Structure and Cognitive Map of Williams Syndrome.
May 1, 2000... Abstract * Williams syndrome (WMS) is a most compelling model of human cognition, of human genome organization, and of evolution. Due to a deletion in chromosome band 7q11.23, subjects have cardiovascular, connective tissue, and...