Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience articles from January 2000

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience archives from January 2000

Imaging Cognition II: An Empirical Review of 275 PET and fMRI Studies.
January 1, 2000... Abstract * Positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have been extensively used to explore the functional neuroanatomy of cognitive functions. Here we review 275 PET and fMRI studies of attention...

Activation in Human MT/MST by Static Images with Implied Motion.(Statistical Data Included)
January 1, 2000... Abstract * A still photograph of an object in motion may convey dynamic information about the position of the object immediately before and after the photograph was taken (implied motion). Medial temporal/medial superior temporal cortex...

Specialized Neural Systems Underlying Representations of Sequential Movements.(Statistical Data Included)
January 1, 2000... Abstract * The ease by which movements are combined into skilled actions depends on many factors, including the complexity of movement sequences. Complexity can be defined by the surface structure of a sequence, including motoric...

Output Units of Motor Behavior: An Experimental and Modeling Study.(Statistical Data Included)
January 1, 2000... Abstract * Cognitive approaches to motor control typically concern sequences of discrete actions without taking into account the stunning complexity of the geometry and dynamics of the muscles. This begs the question: Does the brain...

Functional Anatomy of High-Resolution Visual Mental Imagery.(Statistical Data Included)
January 1, 2000... Abstract * This study had two purposes. First, in order to address the controversy regarding activation of the primary visual area (PVA) during visual mental imagery, regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was recorded while subjects...

Anatomical Segregation of Component Processes in an Inductive Inference Task.(Statistical Data Included)
January 1, 2000... Abstract * Inductive inference underlies much of human cognition. The essential component of induction is hypothesis selection based on some criterion of relevance. The purpose of this study was to determine the neural substrate of...

An Event-related Neuroimaging Study Distinguishing Form and Content in Sentence Processing.
January 1, 2000... Abstract * Two coordinated experiments using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) investigated whether the brain represents language form (grammatical structure) separately from its meaning content (semantics). While in the...

Functional Changes in Brain Activity During Priming in Alzheimer's Disease.(Statistical Data Included)
January 1, 2000... Abstract * Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) are often impaired on certain forms of implicit memory, such as word-stem completion priming (WSCP). Lesion data suggest that deficient WSCP maybe associated with abnormal functioning in...

Contrasting Cortical and Subcortical Activations Produced by Attentional-Set Shifting and Reversal Learning in Humans.
January 1, 2000... Abstract * Much evidence suggests that lesions of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) produce marked impairments in the ability of subjects to shift cognitive set, as exemplified by performance of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). However,...

Large Scale Neurocognitive Networks Underlying Episodic Memory.(Statistical Data Included)
January 1, 2000... Abstract * Large-scale networks of brain regions are believed to mediate cognitive processes, including episodic memory. Analyses of regional differences in brain activity, measured by functional neuroimaging, have begun to identify...

Age Differences in the Frontal Lateralization of Verbal and Spatial Working Memory Revealed by PET.(Statistical Data Included)
January 1, 2000... Abstract * Age-related decline in working memory figures prominently in theories of cognitive aging. However, the effects of aging on the neural substrate of working memory are largely unknown. Positron emission tomography (PET) was used...

Age Differences in Behavior and PET Activation Reveal Differences in Interference Resolution in Verbal Working Memory.
January 1, 2000... Abstract * Older adults were tested on a verbal working memory task that used the item-recognition paradigm. On some trials of this task, response-conflict was created by presenting test-items that were familiar but were not members of a...

Age-Related Differences in Neural Activity during Item and Temporal-Order Memory Retrieval: A Positron Emission Tomography Study.
January 1, 2000... Abstract * Positron emission tomography (PET) was used to investigate the hypothesis that older adults' difficulties with temporal-order memory are related to deficits in frontal function. Young (mean 24.7 years) and old (mean 68.6 years)...

A Crosslinguistic PET Study of Tone Perception.(Statistical Data Included)
January 1, 2000... Abstract * In studies of pitch processing, a fundamental question is whether shared neural mechanisms at higher cortical levels are engaged for pitch perception of linguistic and nonlinguistic auditory stimuli. Positron emission tomography...

A Twin MRI Study of Size Variations in the Human Brain.
January 1, 2000... Abstract * Although it is well known that there is considerable variation among individuals in the size of the human brain, the etiology of less extreme individual differences in brain size is largely unknown. We present here data from the...