American Criminal Law Review articles from March 2006

American Criminal Law Review archives from March 2006

Countering the cyber-crime threat.(Twenty-First Annual Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2006... In these early years of the 21st century, we continue to live in the Information Age--an age when our economy's greatest assets are not steel and coal, but ideas and their practical applications. (1) We have been able to exploit this...

Antitrust violations.(Twenty-First Annual Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2006... I. INTRODUCTION II. ELEMENTS OF THE OFFENSE A. Conspiracy B. Restraint of Trade C. Interstate Nexus D. Intent III. DEFENSES A. Withdrawal from Conspiracy B. Statute of Limitations ...

Computer crimes.(Twenty-First Annual Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2006... I. INTRODUCTION A. Defining Computer Crime B. Types of Computer-Related Offenses II. FEDERAL APPROACHES A. Federal Criminal Code 1. National Information Infrastructure Protection Act of 1996 ...

Corporate criminal liability.(Twenty-First Annual Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2006... I. INTRODUCTION II. THE LAW OF CORPORATE CRIMINAL LIABILITY A. Corporations are Only Liable for the Acts of Employees if the Employees are Acting Within the Scope and Nature of Their Employment B. A Corporation...

Employment-related crimes.(Twenty-First Annual Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2006... I. INTRODUCTION II. WORKER SAFETY A. Occupational Safety and Health Act 1. Employer's Willful Violation of Standard Causing Death a. Elements of the Offense i. Employer ii....

Environmental crimes.(Twenty-First Annual Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2006... I. INTRODUCTION A. Criminal versus Civil Penalties B. Enforcement C. Interaction with Other Criminal Violations II. GENERAL ISSUES A. Overview of Elements of Environmental Criminal Violations...

False statements and false claims.(Twenty-First Annual Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2006... I. INTRODUCTION II. FALSE STATEMENTS A. Elements of a [section] 1001 Offense 1. Statements or Concealments 2. Falsity 3. Materiality 4. Intent 5. Jurisdiction B. [section] 1001...

Federal criminal conspiracy.(Twenty-First Annual Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2006... I. INTRODUCTION II. ELEMENTS OF THE OFFENSE A. Agreement B. Illegal Goal C. Knowledge, Intent, and Participation D. Overt Act III. DEFENSES A. Statute of Limitations B. Variance C....

Financial institutions fraud.(Twenty-First Annual Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2006... I. INTRODUCTION II. BANK FRAUD STATUTE A. Purpose and Scope B. Elements of the Offense 1. Knowledge 2. Executes or Attempts to Execute 3. Scheme or Artifice 4. To Defraud or Obtain Monies...

Foreign corrupt practices act.(Twenty-First Annual Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2006... I. INTRODUCTION II. ACCOUNTING PROVISIONS A. Covered Parties B. Elements of the Accounting Provisions 1. Record-keeping 2. Internal Controls C. Criminal Liability III. ANTI-BRIBERY PROVISIONS ...

Health care fraud.(Twenty-First Annual Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2006... I. INTRODUCTION II. STATUTES ADDRESSING MEDICARE AND MEDICAID FRAUD A. Medicaid False Claims Statute 1. Elements of the Offense a. Statement of Material Fact b. False Representation c. Knowing...

Intellectual property crimes.(Twenty-First Annual Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2006... I. INTRODUCTION II. THEFT OF TRADE SECRETS A. Economic Espionage Act of 1996 1. Definition of Trade Secret 2. Elements of the Criminal Offenses a. Economic Espionage b. Theft of Trade Secrets...

Mail and wire fraud.(Twenty-First Annual Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2006... I. INTRODUCTION II. ELEMENTS OF THE OFFENSE A. Scheme to Defraud B. Intent to Defraud C. Use of Mailing and/or Interstate Wires in Furtherance of a Scheme to Defraud 1. Causing the Mails and/or Wires...

Money laundering.(Twenty-First Annual Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2006... I. INTRODUCTION II. OVERVIEW OF THE STATUTE A. Section 1956 1. Transaction Money Laundering 2. Transportation Money Laundering 3. Sting Operations B. Section 1957 III. ELEMENTS OF THE...

Obstruction of justice.(Twenty-First Annual Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2006... I. INTRODUCTION II. OBSTRUCTION OF JUSTICE: THE OMNIBUS PROVISION A. Scope of [section] 1503 B. Elements of a [section] 1503 Offense 1. Pending Judicial Proceedings 2. Knowledge of Pending Proceeding 3....

Perjury.(Twenty-First Annual Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2006... I. INTRODUCTION A. Section 1621: False Testimony Generally B. Section 1623: False Testimony to Court or Grand Jury C. Section 1622: Subornation of Perjury II. ELEMENTS OF THE OFFENSE A. Oath B. Intent ...

Public corruption.(Twenty-First Annual Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2006... I. INTRODUCTION II. BRIBERY AND ILLEGAL GRATUITY A. Elements of the Bribery and Illegal Gratuity Offenses 1. Thing of Value 2. Public Official or Witness 3. Official Act 4. Intent a....

Racketeer influenced and corrupt organizations.(Twenty-First Annual Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2006... I. INTRODUCTION II. ELEMENTS OF THE OFFENSE A. Two or More Predicate Acts of Racketeering Activity B. Pattern C. Enterprise 1. Types of Enterprises 2. Proving the Enterprise 3....

Securities fraud.(Twenty-First Annual Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2006... I. INTRODUCTION II. ELEMENTS OF THE OFFENSE A. Material Misrepresentations and Omissions 1. Misstatements and Omissions a. Entanglement Liability 2. Materiality 3. Intent a....

Tax violations.(Twenty-First Annual Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2006... I. INTRODUCTION II. CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS UNDER I.R.C. [subsection] 7201, 7202, 7203, 7206, AND 7212(A) A. Policies and Procedures of IRS Investigations 1. Purposes of IRS Investigations 2. Policies ...