American Criminal Law Review articles from March 2003

American Criminal Law Review archives from March 2003

Corporate crime after 2000: a new law enforcement challenge or deja vu?(Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2003... INTRODUCTION White collar crime is in vogue. Although there are investigations and prosecutions throughout the country at any given time in which individuals and businesses are charged with corporate wrongdoing, 2002 and 2003 will likely...

Antitrust violations.(Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2003... I. INTRODUCTION II. ELEMENTS OF THE OFFENSE A. Conspiracy B. Restraint of Trade C. Interstate Nexus D. Intent III. DEFENSES A. Withdrawal from Conspiracy B. Statute of Limitations C....

Computer crimes.(Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2003... I. INTRODUCTION A. Defining Computer Crime B. Types of Computer-Related Offenses II. FEDERAL APPROACHES A. Federal Criminal Code 1. National Information Infrastructure Protection Act of 1996 a. Offenses...

Corporate criminal liability.(Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2003... I. INTRODUCTION II. THE LAW OF CORPORATE CRIMINAL LIABILITY A. Corporations are Only Liable for the Acts of Employees if the Employees are Acting Within the Scope and Nature of Their Employment B. A...

Employment-related crimes.(Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2003... I. INTRODUCTION II. WORKER SAFETY A. Occupational Safety and Health Act 1. Employer's Willful Violation of Standard Causing Death. a. Elements of the Offense i. Employer ii....

Environmental crimes.(Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2003... I. INTRODUCTION II. GENERAL ISSUES A. Liability 1. Corporate Liability and the Doctrine of Respondeat Superior 2. Individual Liability and the Responsible Corporate Officer Doctrine B....

False claims.(Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2003... I. INTRODUCTION A. 18 U.S.C. [section] 287 B. 31 U.S.C. [subsection] 3729-3733 II. ELEMENTS OF THE OFFENSE A. Presentation of a Claim B. False, Fictitious, or Fraudulent Claims C. Knowledge D....

False statements.(Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2003... I. INTRODUCTION II. ELEMENTS OF THE OFFENSE A. Statements or Concealments B. Falsity C. Materiality D. Intent E. Jurisdiction III. DEFENSES A. Exculpatory "No" B. Ambiguity C. Double...

Federal criminal conflict of interest.(Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2003... I. INTRODUCTION II. BRIBERY AND ILLEGAL GRATUITY A. Elements of the Bribery and Illegal Gratuity Offenses 1. Thing of Value 2. Public Official 3. Official Act 4. Intent a. Bribery ...

Federal criminal conspiracy.(Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2003... I. INTRODUCTION II. ELEMENTS OF THE A. Agreement B. Illegal Goal C. Knowledge, Intent, and Participation D. Overt Act III. DEFENSES A. Statute of Limitations B. Variance C. Multiplicitous...

Federal food and drug act violations.(Survey of White Collar Crimes)
March 22, 2003... I. INTRODUCTION II. ELEMENTS OF THE OFFENSE A. Statutory Elements 1. Food, Drug, Cosmetic, or Device 2. Adulterated or Misbranded 3. Delivery or Transportation in Interstate Commerce B. Misdemeanor...

Financial institutions fraud.(Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2003... I. INTRODUCTION II. BANK FRAUD STATUTE A. Purpose and Scope B. Elements of the Offense 1. Knowledge 2. Executes or Attempts to Execute 3. Scheme or Artifice 4. To Defraud or Obtain Monies...

Foreign Corrupt Practices Act.(Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2003... I. INTRODUCTION II. ACCOUNTING PROVISIONS A. Covered Parties B. Elements of the Accounting Provisions 1. Record-keeping 2. Internal Controls C. Criminal Liability III. ANTI-BRIBERY PROVISIONS ...

Health care fraud.(Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2003... I. INTRODUCTION II. STATUTES ADDRESSING MEDICARE AND MEDICAID FRAUD A. Medicaid False Claims Statute 1. Elements of the Offense a. Statement of Material Fact b. False Representation c....

Intellectual property crimes.(Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2003... INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY CRIMES I. INTRODUCTION II. THEFT OF TRADE SECRETS A. Economic Espionage Act of 1996 1. Definition of Trade Secret 2. Elements of the Criminal Offenses a. Economic Espionage ...

Mail and wire fraud.(Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2003... I. INTRODUCTION II. ELEMENTS OF THE OFFENSE A. Scheme to Defraud 1. Traditional Frauds 2. Fraud Involving Intangible Rights B. Intent to Defraud C. Mailing in Furtherance of a Scheme to Defraud 1....

Money laundering.(Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2003... I. INTRODUCTION II. OVERVIEW OF THE STATUTE A. Section 1956 1. Transaction Money Laundering 2. Transportation Money Laundering 3. Sting Operations B. Section 1957 III. ELEMENTS OF THE OFFENSES A....

Obstruction of justice.(Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2003... I. INTRODUCTION II. OBSTRUCTION OF JUSTICE: THE OMNIBUS PROVISION A. Scope of [section] 1503 B. Elements of a [section] 1503 Offense 1. Pending Judicial Proceedings 2. Knowledge of Pending Proceeding 3....

Perjury.(Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2003... I. INTRODUCTION A. False Testimony Generally B. False Testimony to Court or Grand Jury C. Subornation of Perjury II. ELEMENTS OF THE OFFENSE A. Oath B. Scope 1. Section 1621: Competent Tribunal,...

Procedural issues.(Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2003... I. INTRODUCTION II. INITIATION OF PROSECUTION A. The Grand Jury 1. Standard of Review for Grand Jury Error 2. Prosecutorial Misconduct B. Discovery 1. Rule 16 2. Jencks Act 3....

Racketeer influenced and corrupt organizations.(Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2003... I. INTRODUCTION II. ELEMENTS OF THE OFFENSE A. Two or More Predicate Acts of Racketeering Activity B. Pattern C. Enterprise 1. Types of Enterprises 2. Proving the Enterprise 3....

Securities fraud.(Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2003... I. INTRODUCTION II. ELEMENTS OF THE OFFENSE A. Substantive Fraud 1. Material Misrepresentations and Omissions a. Misstatements and Omissions b. Materiality c. Intent i. Scienter...

Tax violations.(Survey of White Collar Crime)
March 22, 2003... I. INTRODUCTION II. CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS UNDER I.R.C. [subsection] 7201, 7202, 7203, 7206, AND 7212(A) A. Policies and Procedures of IRS Investigations 1. Purposes of IRS Investigations 2. Policies ...