Laboratory Equipment articles from May 2007

Laboratory Equipment archives from May 2007

Analytical tools for biofuels: Part 1--expanding bioethanol and biodiesel production translates into surge in demand for instrumentation.(Special Feature)
May 1, 2007... The production of biofuels--bioethanol and biodiesel--is on a dramatic growth trajectory. Skeptics did not think much of the iconic country singer's 2005 venture, Willie Nelson's Biodiesel, and called it a publicity stunt. But in the course of...

Classic lab mill redesigned: grinding technique combines pressure and friction.(Featured New Product)
May 1, 2007... Retsch's mortar grinder has been completely redesigned to improve both ease of use and functionality for applications such as grinding soils or frozen yeast cells. New features include convenient setting of pestle pressure and scraper position,...

Survey says ...
May 1, 2007... Survey Says... When asked who made final buying decisions in their lab, our readers report: A laboratory manager 38% A scientist 28.2% A team of 2 or more from various departments 18.3% A...

Pittcon reviewed.(INNOVATIONS)
May 1, 2007... As is the custom, the May issue of Laboratory Equipment presents products introduced at this year's Pittsburgh Conference. On this and the facing page are the 2007 Editor's Choice award winners, along with other noteables. As you can see,...

Mass spectrometer differentiates sample ions by size, shape and charge.(INNOVATIONS)
May 1, 2007... Gold Award. The Synapt High Definition MS (HDMS) system is the first mass spectrometer to employ high efficiency ion-mobility based measurements and separations and specialized software to enable the analysis of sample ions differentiated by...

Ion trap mass spectrometers combined with ETD.(INNOVATIONS)
May 1, 2007... Silver Award. The LTQXL linear ion trap mass spectrometer features electron transfer dissociation (ETD), an ion fragmentation technology that provides new peptide structure information not available from conventional dissociation methods. The...

Two-way ionizer.(INNOVATIONS)
May 1, 2007... The Stablo EX two-way ionizer generates a balanced mix of positively and negatively charged ions that eliminates static on lab samples, allowing them to be weighed accurately with high repeatability. The device uses AC voltage to power its...

FT-IR and FT-NIR spectrometer.(INNOVATIONS)
May 1, 2007... The Spectrum 400 can automatically switch between NIR and MIR measurement modes and dual sampling positions. Users can rapidly change between applications to drive productivity with push-button ease. The system is suited for research, method...

Self-referencing imaging detector.(INNOVATIONS)
May 1, 2007... Silver Award. Using a capillary as combined sample vessel and optical element, the ActiPix D100 detector provides inherent spatial separation of sample and reference beams, resulting in a self-referencing system in a miniature format. The...

Multi-line analysis system.(INNOVATIONS)
May 1, 2007... Bronze Award. The ACTIVA M ICP spectrometer combines optimum instrumental performance with advanced software tools. The benefits of multi-line analysis are the efficient use of the information emitted by the ICP in the full 120- to 800-nm...

Miniaturized, full-spectrum spectrometer.(INNOVATIONS)
May 1, 2007... The i-Lab system features a miniaturized full spectrum measurement system based on a proprietary custom-designed imaging chip. Sample handling and introduction is made easy by a fully integrated, disposable sampler. A full visible spectrum of a...

Balancing productivity and high quality: environmental testing lab supervisor James Ball relies on preparation and a trusted staff.(BEST PRACTICES: Great Laboratory Managers)
May 1, 2007... Proper scheduling and a carefully chosen staff are how James Ball from McCoy & McCoy Laboratories, Inc. is able to process thousands of samples each month while meeting regulatory agency criteria. McCoy & McCoy is an 18,000 square-foot...

Labeling your laboratory: three steps to a simple organizational solution.(ORGANIZED SCIENCE)
May 1, 2007... Some scientists think that if their laboratory, office and desk are a disorganized mess of journals, samples, reports, books and stained coffee cups, it is a sign of their high intelligence. To those scientists, a chaotic desk attests to the...

Trace moisture analysis in specialty gases: continuous wave cavity ring-down spectroscopy proves worthy.(Instrumentation, Systems & Equipment)
May 1, 2007... Trends in semiconductor, thin-film, and LED fabrication call for increasingly pure specialty gases. But the stringent gas purity levels required to manufacture such devices as high brightness (HB) LEDs challenge incumbent analytical...

By-pass hoods offer corrosion and fire resistance.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... Fiberglass 30 laboratory hoods are compact in size and suitable for research, educational and clinical applications requiring a small working space and efficient fume removal. At 30" wide, the hoods feature a specially formulated, one-piece...

Three titrators for various needs.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... The Titration Excellence series features three models. The ready-to-go T50 system has everything required for titration. It is available in two complete bundles, manual or automated, with the Rondolino sample changer. This model is suited for...

Browser-based server for spectroscopy and chemical information.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... The KnowItAll Enterprise server version 3.0 is a database that can be built on the server and viewed at all sites of an organization via the KnowItAll Informatics System Windows client or the KnowItAll AnyWare browser client. The technology can...

Portable alloy analyzer measures light elements.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... The nondestructive and portable NITON XLt 898He alloy analyzer measures light elements in metal alloys. Simultaneously measuring 27 sample elements from magnesium through bismuth, the analyzer provides fast-grade identification and chemical...

Modular DTA and DSC thermal analyzers.(UPDATE ON: Thermal Analyzers)
May 1, 2007... The Evolution DTA is available with highly sensitive DTA transducers. A tricouple transducer features three thermocouples for sample and reference sites, resulting in optimal sensitivity and resolution. In addition, the detector's symmetry...

Temperature modulated DSC advances.(UPDATE ON: Thermal Analyzers)
May 1, 2007... With TOPEM, sample properties are determined with ease over a wide frequency range in one simple measurement. This advancement in temperature modulated differential scanning calorimetry (TMDSC) makes TOPEM suited for the measurement of very...

Thermogravimetric analyzer determines moisture in various foods.(UPDATE ON: Thermal Analyzers)
May 1, 2007... The TGA701 thermogravimetric analyzer determines weight loss as a function of temperature in a controlled environment. Moisture and ash are determined in various foods, feeds, meats, oilseeds petfoods, coal/coke and milling products. Complying...

Thermal analyzers suited for evolved gas analysis.(UPDATE ON: Thermal Analyzers)
May 1, 2007... Utilizing USB interfacing and high resolution electronics, iSeries thermal analyzers comprise a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) with multiple cooling options, a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) with 1000 C or 1500 C capability, and a...

Particle analyzers measure zeta potential of concentrated material.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... DelsaNano Series particle analyzers perform zeta potential and particle size analysis on the same sample. The systems deliver accurate size measurement on particles ranging from 0.6 nm to 7 mm. They also measure the zeta potential of...

Chemical imaging system offers new sampling options.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... The SyNIRgi near infrared chemical imaging (NIRCI) system builds on the Sapphire/NIRCI-2450 platform, which adds additional capability in terms of data acquisition speed and increased sensitivity. It accommodates a larger imaging area, offering...

Mini gas analyzer provides calibration-free measurements.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... The compact Halo gas analyzer addresses the need for fast, accurate, calibration-free measurements of dedicated analytes in the ppb to ppm range. Based on continuous wave CRDS technology, the analyzer can be used to measure moisture, methane,...

Sanitary peristaltic pumps clean easily.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... Applications for proprietary OEM peristaltic pumps, as well as benchtop pumps, include sample preparation, dispensing and autoanalysis equipment. The pumps are suited for pumping samples, reagents and waste streams out of a machine. When...

Digital reversing mixer with remote.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... The overhead mixer employs a full-function remote control keypad and lockout feature. One keypad is located on the mixer head while the remote can be used from six feet away. Both keypads control all mixing functions simultaneously. The remote...

Disposable viscometer reduces testing time.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... The DV-100 disposable viscometer with disposable tube and multi-sample preheating block reduces testing time because instrument cleaning is no longer required. The device features an internal microprocessor with a printer to measure, display...

High resolution scanning electron microscopes.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... The Quanta 3-D scanning electron microscope (SEM) features three imaging modes: high vacuum, low vacuum and ESEM. The ESEM mode makes collecting data on any sample possible, regardless of heat, moisture or dirt levels. The instrument also...

Osmometers and non-aqueous freezing-point instruments.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... The family of osmometers and non-aqueous freezing-point instruments meets the needs of various applications. Osmette osmometers quickly determine the concentration of a substance in a solution. For multiple-sample processing, the Multi-Osmette...

TOC analyzer and autosampler optimize productivity.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... The Sievers line includes the 900 TOC analyzer and 900 autosampler. The analyzer features automatic calibration and validation procedures, 4-minute analysis time, automated reagent adjustment. 12-month calibration stability and low maintenance...

Balances' smooth contours divert spills.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... PGW precision balances deliver speed and accuracy in an easy-to-use model. The series incorporates processing software with an intuitive user interface for easy setup and control of various smart functions and security features. The balances...

Infrared spectrometer measures biofuel ratios.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... Able to monitor multiple components, the InfraSpec VFA-IR spectrometer measures the percentage of biodiesel in diesel, as well as total glycerides during the biodiesel reaction process. It can also be used for making pass/fail determinations...

Trap and thermal desorption unit.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... The EDU3 trap and thermal desorption unit traps gaseous compounds on adsorption tubes and provides an enriched sample to a detector after thermal desorption. The detection limit can be enhanced by a factor of 10 to 1000, depending on sampling...

SFE system utilizes dual sapphire syringe pump technology.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... The SFT-100 SFE system investigates the feasibility of applying supercritical fluid techniques to various analyses and processing challenges. Dual sapphire syringe pump technology rapidly and accurately pressurizes the stainless steel vessel,...

GPC system comprises pump, autosampler and degasser module.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... Comprising an integrated pump, autosampler and degasser module specifically designed for GPC/SEC applications, the GPCmax mates seamlessly with the proprietary Triple Detector Array, dual detector or any concentration detector to form a...

Standardized technology helps verify serial dilution accuracy.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... The MVS multichannel verification system provides standardized technology for verifying the accuracy of dilution ratios in serial dilution protocols. It facilitates liquid handling quality assurance programs and strengthens compliance by...

Single-channel and micro-pipette calibrator.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... The XP26PC calibrates single-channel pipettes and micropipettes down to a volume of 1 mL. High speed is guaranteed due to a light barrier for rapid, hands-free opening of the lid by the pipette passing through. Speed accelerates by the presence...

Refractive index detector.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... The Optilab rEX refractive index detector offers a combination of advanced semiconductor photodiode technology and proprietary computer algorithms. The full range of instrument detection can be viewed at all times. Enabling absolute molecular...

Benchtop fermentation system features programmable software.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... The highly reproductive MS-F1 auto-clavable fermentor/bioreactor system features a 15-step programmable software package. Its integrated design and a user-friendly interface deliver real-time experimental and production recording and download/...

Sample concentrators minimize dangers of cross contamination.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... The miVac sample concentrator range meets the requirements for careful and fast biological sample drying. Unlike blowdown evaporator systems that often have no means of preventing sample splashing during concentration, these sample...

Conductivity, TDS and salinity meter.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... The handheld, non-glass IQ350 meter measure conductivity, TDS, salinity and temperature. NEMA4x-rated, the waterproof device features a large LCD display with LED backlight. Additional features include automatic or manual temperature...

Laser diffraction particle size analyzer.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... The Partica LA-950V2 laser diffraction particle size analyzer offers a measurement range of 0.01 to 3000 mm, a fast analysis time of 1-minute sample-to-sample, and a powerful sample dispersion system. The optical system design combined with...

Rapid automated extraction system.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... Suited for rapid, automated extraction of solid and semi-solid samples, the ExplorerQ shortens extraction times from hours to minutes and can process up to 48 samples at a time unattended. The system accommodates either 35- or 10-mL pressurized...

Miniature rotary viscometer.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... The compact, stand-alone CMRV-5000 is a thermoelectrically cooled, low-temperature viscometer with a footprint roughly the size of a laptop computer. Air-cooled Peltier cells provide the cooling necessary for viscosity and yield stress testing...

Nitrogen gas generator achieves outlet pressures of 230 psi.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... Achieves Outlet Pressures of 230 psi The MAXIGAS nitrogen generator uses pressure swing adsorption (PSA) technology to generate high purity nitrogen gas from compressed air. Features include equalization technology and a user-friendly...

Tensile stress tester.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... The TST350 tensile stress stage visualizes and measures the physical properties of samples. Users can view their samples using either reflected or transmitted light with the ability to digitally capture images of the sample. The tester is built...

Automated atomic force microscope provides true walk away time.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... The Nanite automated atomic force microscope is suited for measurements in a variety of nanoscale surface analysis applications, ranging from coatings, polymers, and fibers to semiconductors, holographic surfaces, and data storage. Features...

Thermal mass flow meters.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... MASS-VIEW meters measure mass flow instead of volume flow. For easy VA meter replacement, the mechanical construction features the common options for process connection. The devices operate on the principle of direct thermal mass flow...

Viscometer with fully integrated autosampler.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... The qVisc 4320 AX viscometer features a fully integrated autosampler that can run 200 samples unattended. This system adheres to ASTM method D445, which requires oil flow under gravity through a glass capillary tube held at a constant...

Cooling system for multiple chemistry reactions.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... The DrySyn Multi COOL system provides fully controlled, low temperature chemistry for reactions in parallel. The need for conventional ice baths and easily breakable jacketed reaction vessels has been eliminated. The device consists of a...

Grinding mill achieves speeds to 6000 rpm.(UPDATE ON: Milling & Grinding)
May 1, 2007... The Kinematica Polymix PX-MFC 90 D lab grinding mill, suitable for all dry milling applications, succeeds the Polytron System PX-MFC. The milling chamber can be equipped with sieves with mesh sizes from 0.2 to 6 mm. A powerful motor has been...

Disperser includes various types of tubes.(UPDATE ON: Milling & Grinding)
May 1, 2007... The Ultra Turrax tube disperser covers applications from grinding milling to high speed stirring. The Ultra Turrax tube drive system comprises the tube drive, two stirring tubes, two ball mill tubes with steel and glass balls, and two...

Disk mill prepares samples in seconds.(UPDATE ON: Milling & Grinding)
May 1, 2007... The Vibratory RS 200 disk mill prepares samples for XRF or similar analyses. The 1.5-kW stabilized plane drive achieves grind sizes between 40 and 100 microns in seconds with high reproducibility. The standard deviation of d90 values is only...

Attritor grinds under low temperatures.(UPDATE ON: Milling & Grinding)
May 1, 2007... The SDL-30 dry grinding batch Attritor is suited for users producing desiccants (sorbents) for the food, pharmaceutical and electronics industries. This instrument features a special cover with a Teflon shaft seal for grinding under low...

New oil in water method allows onsite analysis.(Environmental & Field Testing Technologies)
May 1, 2007... New European regulations governing the measurement of oil-in-water, a 15% hydrocarbon emission reduction target and Hydrocarbon Trading have all heightened the importance of monitoring oil concentration levels. As a result, U.S. instrument...

Ultra low level mercury vapor analyzer.(Environmental & Field Testing Technologies)
May 1, 2007... The Jerome 471 ultra low-level mercury vapor analyzer provides an alternative for detecting, measuring and reporting levels of mercury vapor for environmental and residential spill and clean-up levels assessment. It detects mercury vapor levels...

Toxic and process gas analyzer performs 24/7 monitoring.(Environmental & Field Testing Technologies)
May 1, 2007... The VaporLab 700 gas analyzer performs process and toxic gas monitoring. Featuring remote sampling capability, the rack-mounted analyzer is designed for continuous, 24-hour operation. Advanced solid-state technology is used for detecting BTEX...

Automated soil CO2 exchange system.(Environmental & Field Testing Technologies)
May 1, 2007... The ADC BioScientific (automated soil C[O.sub.2] exchange (ACE) system is designed for long-term, unattended monitoring of soil flux. The automated design allows the soil area to be exposed to ambient conditions between analysis cycles. The...

Ultra-low pressure documenting calibrator.(Environmental & Field Testing Technologies)
May 1, 2007... The Micro-Cal Model 869 is an ultra-low pressure documenting calibrator specifically suited for air handling processes in critical environments. Portable, lightweight and compact for use in cramped or remote locations, the device performs...

TOC analyzer achieves low detection limit of 0.04 ppm.(Environmental & Field Testing Technologies)
May 1, 2007... The benchtop HiPerTOC total organic carbon analyzer is suited for environmental inorganic and organic carbon analyses of water samples. Featuring an integrated 63-position XYZ autosampler, the instrument runs samples thoroughly and with ease,...

Point-of-use ultrafilters for ultrapure water.(Environmental & Field Testing Technologies)
May 1, 2007... Available for use with the Milli-Q Advantage A10 ultrapure water system, EDS-Pak point-of-use (POU) ultrafilters meet the needs of researchers in environmental testing labs requiring ultrapure water free of endocrine disrupters. Exposure to...

Gas chromatograph delivers fast injection-to-injection time.(Environmental & Field Testing Technologies)
May 1, 2007... The Clarus 600 series gas chromatograph delivers fast combined heat-up and cool-down rates. Powered by an advanced oven design, the economical unit enables labs to reduce analytical cycle times and improve sample throughput. It can be used in...

Separation speed increased in mini GC instruments.(Environmental & Field Testing Technologies)
May 1, 2007... Proprietary, miniaturized gas chromatography instruments feature increased separation speed. Thus 12-second separations of natural gas can be achieved. In addition, the detector sample rate has been increased to 1000 samples per second,...

Temperature, flow and pressure products handbook.(Environmental & Field Testing Technologies)
May 1, 2007... The Dilbert Controlcat New Horizons handbook in Temperature, Flow, Pressure and More--Version No. 21 features 138 Dilbert cartoons and more than 190 pages of products for the temperature, flow, environmental, pressure, DAS and heaters market,...

Custom designed and manufactured plates in high volumes.(Environmental & Field Testing Technologies)
May 1, 2007... On a contract basis, the company offers expertise in polymer molding, surface treatment and microplate assembly to custom design and manufacture specialist plates in high volumes on short lead times. High performance SPE, deep well and assay...

XRF systems and reference standards.(Environmental & Field Testing Technologies)
May 1, 2007... The comprehensive range of XRF systems and reference standards meets the challenges set by the new EU RoHS and WEEE directives. They also monitor levels of regulated substances covered by other environmental legislation. These instruments...

Oil-free, piston-powered vacuum pump.(Environmental & Field Testing Technologies)
May 1, 2007... The Rocker 300 piston-powered laboratory vacuum pump provides vacuum and pressure in just one unit. Precise construction and quality moving parts lowers the noise level to only 50 dB. The pump not only keeps the laboratory quiet but also...

Spectrometer detects fluorescence via dual port fiber optic Y-cable.(Environmental & Field Testing Technologies)
May 1, 2007... The CXR-FS system comprises a miniature fiber optically coupled, thermo electrically cooled (TEC) UV-Vis spectrometer with concave grating, an LED-based excitation source, and a dual-read cuvette sample holder. The excitation source allows for...

SPE workstation automates aqueous solution extractions.(Environmental & Field Testing Technologies)
May 1, 2007... The AutoTrace SPE high throughput workstation automates the cartridge-conditioning, sample-loading and elution steps for large volumes aqueous solution extractions to 2000 mL. The unit can process six samples in parallel, automatically...

Improving analysis of pesticides: a new method development protocol increases recovery of volatile compounds.(Environmental & Field Testing Technologies)
May 1, 2007... Determination of pesticide contamination of fruit and vegetables usually follows several steps, including, extraction of analytes from the sample, concentrating the extract, post extraction clean-up, solvent exchange and, finally, determination...

LC-MS-MS drinking water analysis.(Environmental & Field Testing Technologies)
May 1, 2007... The EQuan environmental quantitation system, coupled with the TSQ Quantum triple quadrupole mass spectrometer, is a turnkey system for analyzing pesticides, herbicides and antimicrobials in environmental and drinking water samples. EQuan's...

LC-TOFMS for complex liquid sample analysis.(Environmental & Field Testing Technologies)
May 1, 2007... The Unique HT TOFMS is suited for complex liquid sample analysis. A high speed MS detector with integrated control of an Agilent 1200SL series LC provides the data density required to support current and future advances in ultra-fast liquid...

193-nm fast excimer laser ablation system.(Environmental & Field Testing Technologies)
May 1, 2007... The UP193-FX is a 193-nm, short-pulse excimer laser ablation system features a fully homogenized beam, optimal wavelength coupling to the ICP-MS and 4-GW/[cm.sup.2] irradiance at the sample. This results in consistently smaller aerosol...

Hand-held water analyzer reduces calibration time.(Environmental & Field Testing Technologies)
May 1, 2007... The WaterPOINT 870 hand-held water analysis system reduces calibration time, improving precision, correlation and temperature compensation and overall accuracy. A variety of sensor configurations are offered, allowing users to choose the right...

Profile probe for portable and installed applications.(Environmental & Field Testing Technologies)
May 1, 2007... The PR2 profile probe provides a versatile and economical solution for measuring soil moisture profiles. It can be used in both portable and installed applications. With a hand-held readout unit, a single probe takes instant readings at...

Flexible MS switches between GC and LC format.(Environmental & Field Testing Technologies)
May 1, 2007... The 320-M8 triple quadrupole mass spectrometer is capable of femtogram detection limits and a mass range up to 2000 Da for identifying a range of compounds. Researchers have the option of switching between an LC and GC format because of its...

The why, what and who of selecting an OEM spectrometer.(Separations/Spectroscopy)
May 1, 2007... Choosing an OEM spectrometer for your new instrument is just like choosing a spectrometer for your experiment. However, there are additional considerations related to making a product that can be reliably manufactured, sustained over time, and...

Columns for UPLC and HPLC.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... ACQUITY UPLC OST C18 columns work with proprietary ACQUITY UltraPerformance LC products. The XBridge OST C18 columns are suited for advanced oligonculeotide HPLC separations. Both products are suitable for purifying and analyzing synthetic...

Change particle characterization system into in-line chrom detector.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... A new chromatography flow-mode option for the Zetasizer Nano particle and molecular characterization system enables its use as an in-line chromatography detector. This mode permits dynamic light scattering to be coupled with size exclusion...

Eight-channel HPLC streamlines solvent switching.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... The ExpressLC-800 Plus HPLC features solvent switching functionality with a system configuration that makes six solvents available to each of the eight LC channels. Solvent switching is programmed via the system control software. The device is...

Microfraction collection option for nano LC autosamplers.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... A microfraction collection option, which is available for the WPS-3000 nano and capillary LC autosampler series, supports fully automated off-line multidimensional liquid chromatography. Multi-dimensional separations are simplified by enabling...

Ovens integrate with HPLC systems.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... Polaratherm Series 9000 ovens utilize the latest advances in using temperature control in chromatography applications. Proprietary software controls the oven from a computer, and supplied drivers allow the oven to be integrated with HPLC...

Analyzer delivers FT-NIR-level performance.(PRODUCT NEWS)
May 1, 2007... The Anavo hand-held NIR analyzer targets material identification applications ranging from polymer recycling to field measurements in the food industry. It combines tunable laser technology, a MEMS tunable filter and wavelength and power...