Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology articles from November 2003

Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology archives from November 2003

Simulation of an Austenite-twinned-Martensite interface.
November 1, 2003... Developing numerical methods for predicting microstructure in materials is a large and important research area. Two examples of material microstructures are Austenite and Martensite. Austenite is a microscopic phase with simple crystallographic...

High accuracy ultraviolet index of refraction measurements using a Fourier transform spectrometer.
November 1, 2003... We have constructed a new facility at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to measure the index of refraction of transmissive materials in the wavelength range from the visible to the vacuum ultraviolet. An etalon of the...

Statistical interpretation of key comparison reference value and degrees of equivalence.
November 1, 2003... Key comparisons carried out by the Consultative Committees (CCs) of the International Committee of Weights and Measures (CIPM) or the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) are referred to as CIPM key comparisons. The outputs of a...

The normalized reduced form and cell mathematical tools for lattice analysis--symmetry and similarity.
November 1, 2003... To intelligently and effectively use crystallographic databases, mathematical and computer tools are required that can elucidate diverse types of intra- and interlattice relationships. Two such tools are the normalized reduced form and...

Evaluation of intrusion detection systems.
November 1, 2003... This paper presents a comprehensive method for evaluating intrusion detection systems (IDSs). It integrates and extends ROC (receiver operating characteristic) and cost analysis methods to provide an expected cost metric. Results are given for...

NIST launches economic tools for homeowner durability decisions.(General Developments)
November 1, 2003... NIST economists have developed a decision model that helps homeowners select the most cost-effective level of durability. The model has been incorporated into a suite of Internet decision tools called National Economic Service-life Tools (NEST)...

NIST researchers develop new microwave mixer theory; Aid industrial development of calibration procedure.(General Developments)(Brief Article)
November 1, 2003... NIST researchers, along with a foreign guest researcher, developed a mixer theory based on a set of simple rules for transforming multiple-frequency mixer problems into equivalent single-frequency problems. The theory is significant because it...

New microfluidic DNA analysis system for forensics applications demonstrated by NIST.(General Developments)(Brief Article)
November 1, 2003... Modern forensic DNA analysis systems are currently based on the separation of DNA fragments by capillary electrophoresis, a process which typically takes 40 min. Unfortunately, there is a large backlog of DNA criminal tests in the United...

Studies performed of acoustic loss in langasite, langatate, and langanite.(General Developments)(Brief Article)
November 1, 2003... Langasite and its isomorphs, such as langatate and langanite, have attracted significant attention in recent years as materials for improved electronic oscillators and filters. The potential advantages of these crystals over quartz include...

NIST researchers use "frustrated" optical technique to measure formation of nanocoatings.(General Developments)
November 1, 2003... Additives are frequently mixed into polymeric materials in minute quantities in order to make them processable into the typical products well known to consumers, such as plastic sheets, pipes, and wire insulation. However, the reason behind the...

In situ stress measurements during electrodeposition of thin films studied.(General Developments)
November 1, 2003... Thin films of various metals are used by the microelectronics community to produce, for example, solderable surface finishes, magnetic recording media, and copper wiring in printed circuit boards and integrated circuits. Such films tend to...

One- and two-photon photoelectron spectroscopy used to study molecular electronics systems.(General Developments)
November 1, 2003... The drive to introduce organic molecular materials into electronic device applications, "organic electronics," is motivated by a number of potentially attractive features, such as ease of fabrication, ability to fabricate on flexible...

NIST microfabricates atomic vapor cells for Chip-Scale Atomic Clocks.(General Developments)
November 1, 2003... A team of researchers from NIST have met a major milestone in the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency's Chip Scale Atomic Clock (CSAC) program by successfully microfabricating a cesium (Cs) vapor cell with a volume of less than 10...

NIST provides key measurements for superconducting magnets for the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor.(General Developments)
November 1, 2003... Superconducting magnets are used in fusion energy projects, such as the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), to confine and heat the plasma. The superconductors for the ITER's large magnet systems are all "cable-in-conduit...

NIST validates 100th Advanced Encryption Standard implementation.(General Developments)
November 1, 2003... In October 2003, NIST's Cryptographic Module Validation Program (CMVP) reached a significant milestone by issuing the 100th Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Algorithm Validation Certificate for hardware implementation of AES named 7814-W....

Recommended Practice Guide on Data Evaluation Theory and Practice for Materials Properties developed.(General Developments)
November 1, 2003... Data evaluation is the process by which collections of data are assessed with respect to reliability, completeness, and consistency. Based on more than a decade of experience, NIST has developed a Recommended Practice Guide, Data Evaluation...

Technique invented for measuring the residual stress in a structure.(General Developments)(Brief Article)
November 1, 2003... NIST scientists are among the inventors of a new technique to measure the residual stress in a structure. The technique is based on the fact that residual stress changes the polarization and phase of shear horizontal (SH) waves sent through a...

NIST hosts groundbreaking voting standards symposium.(General Developments)(Brief Article)
November 1, 2003... Over 280 computer scientists, vendors, voting rights activists, secretaries of state, and local election officials participated in NIST's First Symposium on Building Trust and Confidence in Voting Systems in Gaithersburg, Md., on Dec. 10-11,...

NIST hosts rocket propellant RP-1 workshop.(General Developments)
November 1, 2003... On Dec. 11, 2003, NIST hosted a workshop at the Boulder, CO, campus of NIST on the thermophysical properties of the rocket propellant designated RP-1. Specialists in rocket fuels (from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA),...