Journal of International Affairs articles from September 2005

Journal of International Affairs archives from September 2005

Editors' foreword.(Editorial)
September 22, 2005... Almost three-quarters of the earth's surface is covered by water. The oceans are home to the longest mountain ranges, deepest valleys and widest array of living organisms on the planet. Civilization evolves around and depends on the sea as an...

The Senate should give immediate advice and consent to the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea: why the critics are wrong.(POSITION PAPERS)
September 22, 2005... I. INTRODUCTION As national security professionals who have spent much of our lives working on oceans and security issues, we believe that Senate advice and consent to ratification of the Law of the Sea Convention is strongly in the...

Don't resurrect the Law of the Sea Treaty.(POSITION PAPERS)
September 22, 2005... More than two decades of negotiation culminated in 1982 with the approval of the Law of the Sea Treaty (LOST) by the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). The United States was not among the 117 nations (and two other...

An interview with Gudmundur Eiriksson: a supplement to the position papers by John Norton Moore St William L. Schachte Jr. and Doug Bandow.(Interview)
September 22, 2005... GUDMUNDUR EIRIKSSON served as a Law of the Sea Officer in the Office of the Secretary-General of the United Nations from 1974 to 1976 and as a Special Consultant at the Third UN Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) in 1977. He joined the...

Mineral resources of stateless space: lessons from the deep seabed.
September 22, 2005... The International Seabed Authority was established in 1994 by the parties to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and the parties to the associated agreement on the authority's implementation. However, conventions and...

Offshore oil and gas resources: economics, politics and the rule of law in the Nigeria-Sao tome e Principe joint development zone.
September 22, 2005... There is an axiom in the oil industry that reserves produced must be replaced; otherwise, the continued sale of a company's reserves will result in its eventual liquidation. (1) As a result, companies with upstream operations (i.e., exploration...

Enhancing maritime security in the Straits of Malacca and Singapore.
September 22, 2005... The Straits of Malacca and Singapore are the main seaway connecting the Indian Ocean with the South China Sea and together are the shortest route for tankers trading between the Middle East and Far East Asian countries. Consequently, traffic...

Seeking effectiveness for the crackdown of piracy at sea.
September 22, 2005... Piracy is traditionally regarded as hostis humani generis, the enemy of the human race. Pirates commit acts of murder, robbery, plunder, rape or other villainous deeds at sea, cruelly against humanity. Piracy is punishable wherever encountered....

Understanding maritime jurisdictional disputes: the East China Sea and beyond.
September 22, 2005... Chasing submarines, putting F-16s on alert: It S the stuff of Hollywood Co d War thrillers, but in a maritime boundary and island sovereignty dispute in the East China Sea, it's all too real. (1) In the last 12 months, tensions between Japan...

Sea trade and security: an assessment of the post-9/11 reaction.
September 22, 2005... In his best selling book, The World is Flat, Thomas Friedman describes the interconnected global economy enabled by advances in information and communications technology, and other factors that he terms "flatteners." (1) This compelling tale...

Contributing to ocean security: global environment facility support for integrated management of land-sea interactions.
September 22, 2005... Interlinked crises of freshwater depletion, food insecurity, pollution loading and ecosystem decline stand in the way of poverty reduction and sustainable development. (1) These crises are exacerbated by changes in climatic regimes and...

Titanic states? Impacts and responses to climate change in the Pacific islands.
September 22, 2005... "Global warming and sea-level rise are the most serious threats to the Pacific region and the survival of some island states." --Communique of the Twenty-Third South Pacific Forum, 1992 (1) "Sea-level rise and other related...

Are high seas and international marine fisheries the ultimate sustainable management challenge?
September 22, 2005... Fishing on the high seas was a feature of societies long before large areas of the world's seas were claimed by nation states. The Basques fished for Atlantic cod off Newfoundland; tuna was fished first by the Japanese and later by many other...

The spaces in between: four cases of politics beyond the bounds.
September 22, 2005... PIRATES OF THE MALACCA STRAITS 26 March 2000--A 3,000 gross tonnage Singapore flag general cargo vessel, Asean Energy, at anchor off Bintulu reported being boarded via the hawse pipe by three persons armed with long knives. They broke into...

Who is responsible for marine debris? The international politics of cleaning our oceans.(ANDREW WELLINGTON CORDIER ESSAY)
September 22, 2005... The coastal and pelagic oceans are fundamentally important regions of biological productivity, geochemical cycling and human utility. As providers of food, recreation and transportation to the global human community, the seas account for a...

Managing marine misbehavior: good science, good policy, bad human.(Book Review)
September 22, 2005... Mankind and the Oceans Nobuyuki Miyazaki, Zafar Adeel, Kouichi Ohwada (Editors) Tokyo: United Nations University Press, 2005, 225 pages. The significance of the ocean's health to the health of the planet cannot be overstated. Roughly...

Maritime power in a flat world.(Book Review)
September 22, 2005... Globalization and Maritime Power Sam J. Tangredi (Editor) Washington, DC: National Defense University Press, 2002, 613 pages. On the bicentenary of the Battle of Trafalgar and the centenary of the battle of Tsushima, the first great modern...

In dire straits: why big oil needs transnational regulation.(Book Review)
September 22, 2005... Dangerous Waters: Modern Piracy and Terror on the High Seas John S. Burnett New York: Dutton, 2002, 332 pages. How is it physically possible for anyone to steal an object that is larger than a city building, operated by a couple dozen men...

Taming the tides: the struggle to police the seas.(Book Review)
September 22, 2005... The Outlaw Sea: A World of Freedom, Chaos and Crime William Langewiesche New York: North Point Press, 2004, 256 pages. While popular media often represents the idyll, for those involved in its day-to-day management there is no escaping its...

Between science and ocean policy: bridging the gap.(Book Review)
September 22, 2005... Oceans 2020: Science Trends and The Challenge of Sustainability. John G. Field, Gotthilf Hempel, Colin P. Summerhayes (Editors) Washington, DC: Island Press 2002, 365 pages. Defying Ocean's End: An Agenda for Action Linda K. Glover and...

An Ocean Blueprint for the 21st Century.(REQUIRED READING)(Book Review)
September 22, 2005... AN OCEAN BLUEPRINT FOR THE 21ST CENTURY U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy (Washington, DC: 2004), 624 pages. Of the over 200 recommendations that the U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy makes in An Ocean Blueprint for the 21st Century, 25 are...

Ocean Politics and Policy: A Reference Handbook.(REQUIRED READING)(Book Review)
September 22, 2005... OCEAN POLITICS AND POLICY: A REFERENCE HANDBOOK Peter Jacques and Zachary Smith (Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO Contemporary World Issues Series, 2003), 267 pages. Ocean Politics and Policy introduces the full range of environmental and security...

The Effectiveness of International Environmental Regimes: Causal Connections and Behavioral Mechanisms.(REQUIRED READING)(Book Review)
September 22, 2005... THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL REGIMES: CAUSAL CONNECTIONS AND BEHAVIORAL MECHANISMS Oran R. Young, ed. (Cambridge: MIT Press, 1999), 364 pages. In the early 1990s, research on international regimes focused on the factors...

Environmental Regime Effectiveness: Confronting Theory with Evidence.(REQUIRED READING)(Book Review)
September 22, 2005... ENVIRONMENTAL REGIME EFFECTIVENESS: CONFRONTING THEORY WITH EVIDENCE Edward L. Miles, Arild Underdal, Steinar Andresen, Jorgen Wettestad, Jon Birger Skjaerseth, Elaine M. Carlin, eds. (Cambridge: MIT Press, 2001), 530 pages. Why do some...

In a Perfect Ocean: The State of Fisheries and Ecosystems in the North Atlantic Ocean.(REQUIRED READING)(Book Review)
September 22, 2005... IN A PERFECT OCEAN: THE STATE OF FISHERIES AND ECOSYSTEMS IN THE NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN Daniel Pauly and Jay Maclean (Washington, DC: Island Press, 2003), 160 pages. In a Perfect Ocean, the first-ever empirical assessment of an ocean's...

Fish, Markets and Fisherman: The Economics of Overfishing.(REQUIRED READING)(Book Review)
September 22, 2005... FISH, MARKETS AND FISHERMAN: THE ECONOMICS OF OVERFISHING Suzanne Iudicello, Michael Weber and Robert Wieland (Washington, D.C.: Island Press, 1999), 192 pages. The world population of fish has steadily declined since the 1980s, calling...

The Black Sea: A History.(REQUIRED READING)(Book Review)
September 22, 2005... THE BLACK SEA: A HISTORY Charles King (New York: Oxford University Press, 2004), 276 pages. For centuries, the Black Sea has gained attention as a region of intercultural strife and strategic importance. In The Black Sea: A History,...

High Tide: The Truth About Our Climate Crisis.(REQUIRED READING)(Book Review)
September 22, 2005... HIGH TIDE: THE TRUTH ABOUT OUR CLIMATE CRISIS Mark Lynas (New York: Picador, 2004), 384 pages. In his book, High Tide, Mark Lynus narrates the impacts of changed weather patterns on people's lives, recounts the international efforts to...

Errata.(Correction Notice)
September 22, 2005... In William A. Masters' article, "Paying For Prosperity: How and Why to Invest in Agricultural Research and Development in Africa, "in the Spring 2005 issue of the Journal, on page 45, the graph labeled Figure 11 was incorrect due to a...