Journal of International Affairs articles from March 2000

Journal of International Affairs archives from March 2000

The Shadow Economy.
March 22, 2000... "Implicit in much of the literature on the shadow economy is the view that shadowy activity is undesirable... However, it is not certain that all shadow economic activity should be discouraged." In seeking to understand the size of the...

The Growth of the Shadow Economy in the OECD: Some Preliminary Explanations(1).
March 22, 2000... "... growing concerns have led many economists to the difficult task of measuring the size and development of the shadow economy [in OECD countries], tracing its main causes and analyzing the interactions between official and unofficial...

Clandestine Economies, Violence and States in Africa.
March 22, 2000... "... rulers have intervened in local economies in informal ways that diminish overall economic well-being and undermine the bureaucracies that are critical to sustaining economic growth." Africa attracts attention for its reputation for...

Expendable People: Slavery in the Age of Globalization(1).
March 22, 2000... "Once officially abolished, slavery was transformed: adopted as an illicit enterprise, it has mirrored changes in the general economy. No longer viewed as property, people today are seen merely as disposable inputs into production." ...

Underground On American Soil: Undocumented Workers and US Immigration Policy.
March 22, 2000... "The stereotypical image of the illegal immigrant, as an unskilled, logy income worker surreptitiously crossing the Rio Grande is not an accurate one...." Concerns over illegal immigration have dominated some major American policy debates...

Women's Burden: Counter-geographies of Globalization and the Feminization of Survival(1).
March 22, 2000... "... households and whole communities are increasingly dependant on women fir their survival. [G]overnments too are dependent on their earnings as well as enterprises where profit making exists at the margins of the `licit' economy." The...

Informal Economies, Information and the Environment.
March 22, 2000... "If household and firm activities are not observable by government, then they may not be observable by those affected by environmental degradation either.... [W]e have a regulatory challenge: when information is scarce, private bargaining is...

A New Economics of Child Labor: Searching for Answers Behind the Headlines.
March 22, 2000... "If we were fired from the factory, I could go to school, but then who would feed my mother and sister?" --Shahadat, 14, Bangladeshi garment worker, 1995(2) Child labor, as pointed out above, is not as straightforward a problem as it might...

Parasites and Predators: Guerrillas and the Insurrection Economy of Colombia.
March 22, 2000... "... the negative impact of the violence and insecurity generated by guerrilla activities has tended to be more serious for Colombia since 1990 as its economy has opened up to globalization, than when the economy remained relatively insulated...

Corruption in Indonesia: A Curable Cancer?
March 22, 2000... "Corruption in our country is not the result of corrupt minds but of economic pressures... Eventually, when economic development has gone so far as to produce a good overall standard of living, government employees will receive adequate...

The "Natasha" Trade: The Transnational Shadow Market of Trafficking in Women.
March 22, 2000... "Can people really buy and sell women and get away with it? Sometimes I sit here and ask myself if that really happened to me, if it can really happen at all. "--A Ukrainian woman who was trafficked, beaten, and raped in the sex industry in...

Perverse Integration: Drug Trafficking and Youth in the Favelas of Rio de Janeiro.
March 22, 2000... "Criminalization of the informal sector relativized poverty and exclusion as the primary causes of the violent drug trafficking found in the favelas and other low-income neighborhoods of Rio de Janeiro." In 1994, the United Nations...

Emerging from Apartheid's Shadow: South Africa's Informal Economy.
March 22, 2000... "Post-apartheid South Africa has seen the emergence of a changed institutional and policy context, which governs the operations of informal entrepreneurs." Since the late 1970s, issues surrounding the informal economy have become an...

Profit vs. Peace: The Clandestine Diamond Economy of Angola.
March 22, 2000... "Diamonds are UNITA's life blood. Without them UNITA wouldn't be able to maintain its options. We need to have choices, anal as you see what the government is doing now, UNITA needs to maintain military reserves so that the government doesn't...

Marginalizing the Masses.
March 22, 2000... Noam Chomsky Professor of Linguistics and Philosophy Massachusetts Institute of Technology Interviewed on 3 March 2000 by Robert A. Schupp and Richard L. Ohlemacher for the Journal of International Affairs JOURNAL: The Journal has...

Banker to the Poor: Micro-Lending and the Battle Against World Poverty.
March 22, 2000... Banker to the Poor: Micro-Lending and the Battle Against World Poverty Muhammad Yunus, with Alan Jolis (New York: Public Affairs, 1999) 288 pps. Start with two assumptions: 1) Entrepreneurial spirit is a wide-spread human trait and no...

Smuggling Armageddon.
March 22, 2000... Smuggling Armageddon Rensselaer W. Lee III (New York: St. Martin's Griffin Press, 2000) 220 pp. Since the demise of the Soviet Union almost a decade ago, the United States' strategic relations with Russia have shifted from the...

Global Organized Crime and International Security.
March 22, 2000... Global Organized Crime and International Security Edited by Emilio C. Viano (Burlington, VT: Ashgate Publishing, 1999) 240 pp. Global Organized Crime and International Security puts together many of the important and contested issues...

Drug Politics: Dirty Money and Democracies.
March 22, 2000... Drug Politics: Dirty Money and Democracies David C. Jordan (Oklahoma City: University of Oklahoma Press, 1999) 304 pp. During the last ten years, academics have begun to devote themselves to the study of what once was a topic of...

Deadly Transfers and the Global Playground: Transnational Security Threats in a Disorderly World.
March 22, 2000... Deadly Transfers and the Global Playground: Transnational Security Threats in a Disorderly World Robert Mandel (Westport, CT: Praeger, 1999) 160 pp. "Invincibility is a matter of self-defense; vulnerability is simply a matter of having...