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Age and Ageing articles from November 1997
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Age and Ageing archives from November 1997
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: is the balance shifting?
November 1, 1997... Introduction
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been subject to repeated warnings about their adverse drug reaction profile. The emphasis is usually on upper gastrointestinal tract complications [1-3] but, with concern...
Causes and prognosis of delirium in elderly patients admitted to a district general hospital.
November 1, 1997... Introduction
Delirium (acute confusional state) is a common condition in old age and has a high mortality [1]. If the patient survives the acute stage, the longer-term outlook for delirium is said to be good [2]. However, a recent...
The effect of hospital admission on the opinions and knowledge of elderly patients regarding cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
November 1, 1997... Introduction
Asking a patient shortly after admission to hospital whether they would like to be resuscitated in the event of a cardiac arrest may be difficult for the doctor because of concern about provoking anxiety in the patient [1,...
Persistence of atopic effects on airway calibre and bronchial responsiveness in older adults.
November 1, 1997... Introduction
There is a strong link between asthma and atopy in children and young adults, but the relationship of atopy to asthma and chronic airflow obstruction in older adults is less clear. The suggestion that an inherited atopic...
Autoimmune hepatitis in older patients.
November 1, 1997... Introduction
Autoimmune chronic active hepatitis, now termed autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), is a condition of unknown aetiology, characterized by progressive destruction of liver parenchyma, often leading to hepatic fibrosis and subsequent...
Influence of dental status on dietary intake and survival in community-dwelling elderly subjects.
November 1, 1997... Introduction
Several studies (but not all--see [1] for an opposite view) have documented nutritional inadequacies (both deficiencies and excesses) in older populations [2], although the use of different measures of nutritional status...
Plasma amino acid concentrations in elderly patients with protein energy malnutrition.
November 1, 1997... Introduction
The plasma amino acid pattern has been studied in healthy patients of different ages [1-7], but few studies provide information about very elderly people [8-11]. Protein energy malnutrition (PEM) occurs in about 50% of...
Diet and nutritional status in elderly Zimbabweans.
November 1, 1997... Introduction
In the developed world the commonest nutritional problem in adulthood is obesity [1, 2], although in elderly people undernutrition is an increasingly recognized problem [3] and is associated with increased mortality [4] and...
Surgery or palliation for hip fractures in patients with advanced malignancy?
November 1, 1997... Introduction
The management of fractured neck of femur in elderly patients is costly in terms of numbers of hospital consultant episodes, bed occupancy [1] and individual suffering. One-third of elderly women who have fractured their...
Residential care for elderly people: the prevalence of cognitive impairment and behavioural problems.
November 1, 1997... Introduction
The recent moves towards the care of older people within the community are likely to further increase the growing levels of dependency, both mental and physical, found in residential care [1-4]. Moreover it is the care of...
Cognitive testing of elderly Chinese people in Singapore: influence of education and age on normative scores.
November 1, 1997... Introduction
Dementia affects 2-4% of elderly people (defined as being 65 years of age or older) in Singapore [1, 2], where the size of the elderly population is expected to triple over the next three decades, reaching 20% by 2030 [3]....
Euthanasia and old age.
November 1, 1997... Introduction
The legal status of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide (EAS) in The Netherlands is quite complex. Both are punishable offences; physicians have to report EAS to the Public Prosecutor as a case of unnatural death. In...
A simple and efficient urine sampling method for bacteriological examination in elderly women.
November 1, 1997... Introduction
Urine analysis is crucial for the diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI) and for isolation of the causative organism. A representative urine sample has to be obtained for this purpose. Midstream urine collection has...
The experience and expression of pain in Alzheimer patients.
November 1, 1997... Introduction
We are currently involved in research into cognitive responses to pain in patients suffering from senile dementia, Alzheimer-type (SDAT). Over recent, years one of us (M.F.-M.) has been actively involved with these SDAT...
Nursing homes in 10 nations: a comparison between countries and settings.(Continuing and Rehabilitative Care for Elderly People: A Comparison of Countries and Settings)
November 1, 1997... Introduction
Demographic trends and age-related morbidity rates are important determinants of the need for long-term care services, such as nursing homes. In addition, a host of socio-cultural factors, including the availability and...
Approaching cross-national comparisons of nursing home residents.(Continuing and Rehabilitative Care for Elderly People: A Comparison of Countries and Settings)
November 1, 1997... Introduction
The development and implementation of the national nursing home Resident Assessment Instrument (RAI) in the USA provided opportunities for experimentation and adoption elsewhere in the world. While many of these...
Development of the nursing home Resident Assessment Instrument in the USA.(Continuing and Rehabilitative Care for Elderly People: A Comparison of Countries and Settings)
November 1, 1997... Introduction
This paper describes the content and development of the nursing home Resident Assessment Instrument (RAI), including the testing for reliability and validity in the USA. It also summarizes the effects of its clinical use to...
Efforts to establish the reliability of the Resident Assessment Instrument.(Continuing and Rehabilitative Care for Elderly People: A Comparison of Countries and Settings)
November 1, 1997... Introduction
There is general agreement that developing reliable data on the functional and mental status of nursing home residents is a task that challenges traditional approaches to measurement. A large proportion of nursing home...
Variation in training programmes for Resident Assessment Instrument implementation.(Continuing and Rehabilitative Care for Elderly People: A Comparison of Countries and Settings)
November 1, 1997... Introduction
This paper provides an overview of Resident Assessment Instrument (RAI) training in eight countries where the system has been introduced into nursing homes. We begin by reviewing training efforts in the USA where the system...
Rehabilitation in nursing homes: a cross-national comparison of recipients.(Continuing and Rehabilitative Care for Elderly People: A Comparison of Countries and Settings)
November 1, 1997... Introduction
Exercise programmes have been shown to improve the functional performance of nursing home residents, regardless of age. A pre-planned meta-analysis of the Frailty and Injuries: Cooperative Studies of Intervention Techniques...
Comparisons of restraint use in nursing homes in eight countries.(Continuing and Rehabilitative Care for Elderly People: A Comparison of Countries and Settings)
November 1, 1997... Introduction
Physical restraints are often applied to benefit or protect voluntarily admitted residents or patients of nursing homes or other institutions (excluding mental hospitals with approved legal restraints). However, sometimes...
Urinary incontinence in nursing home residents: a cross-national comparison.(Continuing and Rehabilitative Care for Elderly People: A Comparison of Countries and Settings)
November 1, 1997... Introduction
Urinary incontinence (UI) is one of the most common, disruptive and often disabling conditions affecting elderly people. Between 5 and 30% of elderly people living in the community, 25-50% of hospitalized elderly inpatients...
An international study of social engagement among nursing home residents.(Continuing and Rehabilitative Care for Elderly People: A Comparison of Countries and Settings)
November 1, 1997... Introduction
The decision to move into a nursing home is precipitated by deterioration in health which causes impairment-related functional limitations that lead to dependency. Admission into a long-term care institution solves several...
RUG-III and resource allocation: comparing the relationship of direct care time with patient characteristics in five countries.(Continuing and Rehabilitative Care for Elderly People: A Comparison of Countries and Settings)
November 1, 1997... Introduction
Resource use by different types of patients is of increasing interest to health care services all over the world. As demands for health service resources increase, so will the interest in the relationships between costs and...
Low-care cases in long-term care settings: variation among nations.(Continuing and Rehabilitative Care for Elderly People: A Comparison of Countries and Settings)
November 1, 1997... Introduction
Institutionalization is determined by many factors, the relative importance of which may differ across countries. This study looks specifically at those residents (the word `resident' will be used throughout, although in...
Transitions across various continuing care settings.(Continuing and Rehabilitative Care for Elderly People: A Comparison of Countries and Settings)
November 1, 1997... Introduction
With the implementation in all US long-term care facilities of the Resident Assessment Instrument (RAI) [1] and the consecutive introduction of RAI in similar facilities in a number of other countries (reported elsewhere in...
Using the Resident Assessment Instrument for quality enhancement in nursing homes.(Continuing and Rehabilitative Care for Elderly People: A Comparison of Countries and Settings)
November 1, 1997... Introduction
A loud chorus of voices has, for some time now, been lamenting the high cost of health care. Indeed, much of the discussion of health care, especially as it relates to the burgeoning elderly population in the industrialized...
A person-specific standardized assessment instrument.(Continuing and Rehabilitative Care for Elderly People: A Comparison of Countries and Settings)
November 1, 1997... The next century will demand that long-term institutional care be better integrated into the health care system as a whole. More co-ordination of care among community and institutional resources will be required to facilitate effective and...
