The English Historical Review articles from September 1999

The English Historical Review archives from September 1999

New Charters of King Stephen with Some Reflections upon the Royal Forests During the Anarchy(*).
September 1, 1999... So comprehensive is the collection of King Stephen's charters published by the late Professors Cronne and R. H. C. Davis, that any new discovery must be considered a rare event.(1) The twelve complete texts printed below, previously unknown,...

A Moderate in the First Age of Party: The Dilemmas of Sir John Holland, 1675-85(*).
September 1, 1999... Is recent years there has been a lively debate among historians about the nature of political divisions in Charles II's reign. How far did they replicate, or continue, those of the civil wars? How far did they anticipate those of the reigns...

Squaring the Circle: The Higher Co-ordination of the Entente in the Winter of 1915-16(*).
September 1, 1999... `Mais diriger la Quadruple-Entente, n'est-ce pas chercher la quadrature du cercle?' (Raymond Poincare)(1) THE expectation of a long attritional struggle had been far from the minds of Europe's political and military leaders when they...

A Miracle Mirrored. The Dutch Republic in European Perspective.(Review)
September 1, 1999... A Miracle Mirrored. The Dutch Republic in European Perspective. Edited by KAREL DAVIDS and JAN LUCASSEN (Cambridge: U.P., 1995; pp. xx + 539. 55 [pounds sterling]). COMPARATIVE history undertaken by a cluster of historians from different...

Coinage, Wealth and Plunder in the Age of Robert Guiscard(*).
September 1, 1999... THE Mezzogiorno problem -- the contrast between the wealthy and economically advanced north and the impoverished and backward south -- may now be (at least to some extent) ameliorated, though it remains an important issue of Italian political...

Revolution in Deutschland und Europa 1848/49.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Revolution in Deutschland und Europa 1848/49, ed. WOLFGANG HARDTWIG (Gottingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1998; pp. 280. Pb. DM39.80). TAKEN together, these books constitute one of the principal collections of articles marking the 150th...

Die Revolutionen von 1848/49.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Die Revolutionen von 1848/49, ed. CHRISTIAN JANSEN and THOMAS-MERGEL (Gottingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1998; pp. 281. Sr. Pb. DM39.80). TAKEN together, these books constitute one of the principal collections of articles marking the...

1848/49 in Europa und der Mythos der Franzosischen Revolution.(Review)
September 1, 1999... 1848/49 in Europa und der Mythos der Franzosischen Revolution, ed. IRMTRAUD GOTZ VON OLENHUSEN (Gottingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1998; pp. 154. Pb. DM29.80). TAKEN together, these books constitute one of the principal collections of...

Classes and Cultures. England, 1918-1951.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Classes and Cultures. England, 1918-1951. Ross MCKIBBIN (Oxford: U.P., 1998; pp. x + 562. 25 [pounds sterling]). AT the beginning of this absorbing book, McKibbin tells us that it is `probably more about the social and ideological...

Les premiers monuments chretiens de la France.(Review)
September 1, 1999... The publication of the third volume in the series Les premiers monuments chretiens de la France. Vol. III: Ouest, Nord et Est (Paris: Picard, 1998; pp. 366. F540) brings to completion a general survey of the present state of readily available...

Strategies of Distinction: The Construction of Ethnic Communities, 300-800.(Review)
September 1, 1999... National and ethnic identities have been attracting much attention from historians, anthropologists and political scientists alike in recent years. Medievalists, no less than modernists, are active contributors to that debate. The `Vienna...

The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England.(Review)
September 1, 1999... The strict truth is not always to be found on dust-jackets. But that for The Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Anglo-Saxon England, ed. Michael Lapidge, John Blair, Simon Keynes and Donald Scragg Donald (Oxford: Blackwell, 1999; pp. xviii+537. 80...

Kings, Courtiers and Imperium. The Barbarian West, 565-725.(Review)
September 1, 1999... In Kings, Courtiers and Imperium. The Barbarian West, 565-725 (London: Duckworth, 1997; pp. ix+261. 40 [pounds sterling]), P. S. Barnwell continues the story he had begun in Emperor, Prefects and Kings. The Roman West, 395-565 (1992: rev....

The Origins of the Old Rus' Weights and Monetary Systems.(Review)
September 1, 1999... The Origins of the Old Rus' Weights and Monetary Systems (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard U.P., 1998; pp. xii+172. $29), by Omeljan Pritsak, comprises two studies. The first treats the metrological and monetary systems of the Khazars,...

Prefaces to Canon Law Books in Latin Christianity. Selected Translations, 500-1245.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Making medieval canon law compilations accessible to students in translation is difficult because of the bulk and the repetitiveness of the material. Robert Somerville and Bruce C. Brasington have sought a way out of the impasse in their...

Approaches to Early-Medieval Art.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Approaches to Early-Medieval Art, ed. Lawrence Nees (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard U.P., for the Medieval Academy of America, 1998; xi+185. Pb. $20), is, as the title suggests, concerned foremost with issues of methodology. The book is not...

The Medieval Abbey of Farfa. Target of Papal and Imperial Ambitions.(Review)
September 1, 1999... During the Investiture Contest the ancient abbey of St Mary of Farfa was a key centre of imperialist support in the vicinity of Rome. We are furthermore able to examine its history in detail through the voluminous work of its early...

Domesday Book and the Law. Society and Legal Custom in Early Medieval England.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Henry II's treasurer, Richard Fitz Nigel, explained that the record of William I's survey of England in 1086 owed its vernacular nickname Domesdei (in his Latin, Liber Iudiciarius) to the fact that, when appealed to, its sentence could not be...

Symeon of Durham, Historian of Durham and the North.(Review)
September 1, 1999... The glories of Durham cathedral are matched by its medieval books and, when St Cuthbert was translated into his new church in 1104, we have the first reference to Symeon, whose duties as cantor or precentor included record-keeping Symeon of...

Bernhard von Clairvaux. Leben und Werk des beruhmten Zisterziensers.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Peter Dinzelbacher was well prepared to write Bernhard von Clairvaux. Leben und Werk des beruhmten Zisterziensers (Darmstadt: Primus Verl., 1998; pp. x+497, 12 pls. DM78), having been an editor of the first volume of the recent German...

The Kingdom of Leon-Castilla under King Alfonso VII, 1126-1157.(Review)
September 1, 1999... With the publication of The Kingdom of Leon-Castilla under King Alfonso VII, 1126-1157 (Philadelphia: U. of Pennsylvania P., 1998, pp.xvi+431. $65, Bernard F. Reilly completes his trilogy devoted to the Leonese-Castilian kingdom which began...

Tormented Voices. Power, Crisis and Humanity in Rural Catalonia, 1140-1200.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Round about the time that Alfonso VII made his most famous conquest, of the Mediterranean port of Almeria in 1147, the villagers of Terrassa, near Barcelona, were writing to their lord, the Count of Barcelona-Alfonso's brother-in-law and his...

The Tongue of the Fathers. Gender and Ideology in Twelfth-Century Latin.(Review)
September 1, 1999... The Tongue of the Fathers. Gender and Ideology in Twelfth-Century Latin Latin ed. David Townsend and Andrew Taylor (Philadelphia: U. of Pennsylvania P., 1998; pp. 248. 35 [pounds sterling]), is a contribution to a burgeoning field within...

St Davids Episcopal Acta, 1085-1280.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Historians working on the medieval Welsh church are more poorly served than their English counterparts, who have had the products of the English Episcopal Acta project to sustain their endeavours. The South Wales Record Society have gone some...

The Aristocracy in Twelfth-Century Leon and Castile.(Review)
September 1, 1999... A historian of medieval Castilian institutions can either start from a thesis about the nature of Castilian society or build up a picture from the scattered evidence and then ask how distinctive the picture which results may be. Simon Barton,...

La legislation cistercienne abregee du manuscrit de Montpellier H 322.(Review)
September 1, 1999... The body of twelfth-century Cistercian texts now in print is augmented by Louis Duval-Arnould's La legislation cistercienne abregee du manuscrit de Montpellier H 322 (Paris: Librairie Honore Champion, 1997; pp. 192. Pb. F280). This edition...

Two Medieval Outlaws, Eustace the Monk and Fouke FitzWaryn.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Since the appearance of Maurice Keen's Outlaws of Medieval Legend the important contribution of the thirteenth-century romances, Romans de Witasse le Moine and Fouke le FitzWaryn, to the mythology surrounding heroic outlaws has been...

The Cartulary of Lilleshall Abbey.(Review)
September 1, 1999... The Augustinian abbey of Lilleshall was begun c. 1144 in what was then a remote wooded part of Shropshire, a suitable location for a house of the austere Arrouaisian branch of the order. In the mid-thirteenth century, in response to a statute...

The Cartulary of St. Augustine's Abbey, Bristol.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Bristol boasts two monastic cartularies. One, of St Mark's hospital, was edited (1959) by C. D. Ross. The other, of St Augustine's abbey, and later cathedral church, from whose side -- almonry to separate hospital -- St Mark's had emerged in...

The Cartulary of Forde Abbey.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Lying in Dorset but close to the boundary with Somerset and Devon, the Cistercian abbey of Forde owed most of what fame it had to two of its early abbots, Baldwin and John of Forde. The first went on to become archbishop of Canterbury, the...

Charles I of Anjou. Power, Kingship and State-Making in Thirteenth-Century Europe.(Review)
September 1, 1999... That `Charles... was the most colourful figure in thirteenth-century Europe', is boldly asserted in the first sentence of Jean Dunbabin's lively and informative survey, Charles I of Anjou. Power, Kingship and State-Making in...

Vom Kloster zum Klosterverband. Das Werkzeug der Schriftlichkeit.(Review)
September 1, 1999... The eighteen papers in Vom Kloster zum Klosterverband. Das Werkzeug der Schriftlichkeit, ed. H. Keller and F. Neiske (Munich: Fink Verlag, 1997; pp. 486. DM98), cover twelve centuries of the process whereby monks and monasteries, and later...

Clement V.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Clement V was elected pope in 1305, two years after the outrage perpetrated on Boniface VIII at Anagni by officials of Philip IV of France. Contemporary chroniclers and generations of future historians have judged the pontificate of Clement V...

Il `Quaternus Rogacionum' del notaio Bongiovanni di Bonandrea, 1308-1320.(Review)
September 1, 1999... A new series of printed sources for the history of the region of Trent opens with the publication of the register of an early-fourteenth century notary, Il `Quaternus Rogacionum' del notaio Bongiovanni di Bonandrea, 1308-1320, ed. D. Rando...

Mirror in Parchment. The Luttrell Psalter and the Making of Medieval England.(Review)
September 1, 1999... The Luttrell Psalter has provided many a book with splendid illustrations of an apparently happy bucolic medieval past. In his Mirror in Parchment. The Luttrell Psalter and the Making of Medieval England (London: Reaktion Books, 1998; pp....

The Lady in Medieval England, 1000-1500.(Review)
September 1, 1999... In this lavishly illustrated book, The Lady in Medieval England, 1000-1500 (Stroud: Sutton, 1998; pp. x+214. 19.99 [pounds sterling]), Peter Coss has Set Out to present a history of the medieval English noblewoman. The focus is post-1200, but...

Froissart et le temps.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Michel Zink has collected together a number of his previously published papers on the work of Jean Froissart and added an introduction, some additional chapters and a coda to produce Froissart et le temps (Paris: P. U. F., 1998; pp. 226....

Knights and Peasants. The Hundred Years War in the French Countryside.(Review)
September 1, 1999... It has long been recognised that the `official' war against England was not the only conflict being fought out in France during the late Middle Ages. In Knights and Peasants. The Hundred Years War in the French Countryside (Woodbridge:...

La devozione dei Bianchi nel 1399: Il miracolo del Crocifisso di Borgo a Buggiano.(Review)
September 1, 1999... In August 1399, as the penitential movement of the Bianchi rippled its way through the diocese of Lucca, a crucifix in the church of Borgo a Buggiano miraculously issued blood. The event is still annually commemorated in the town's spiritual...

Lay Taxes in England and Wales, 1188-1688.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Tax records can be intimidating and all future researchers will be grateful to M. Jurkowski, C. L. Smith and D. Crook for their labours in producing Lay Taxes in England and Wales, 1188-1688 (Kew: PRO Publications, 1998; pp. lxxviii+293. 30...

The Convent and the Community in Late Medieval England. Female Monasteries in the Diocese of Norwich, 1350-1540.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Of all the medieval topics long overdue for revision that of female monasticism surely heads the list. Although the spiritual life of women in the Middle Ages has long attracted attention, English nuns remain cast in a mould created by Eileen...

Unarmed Soldiery. Studies in the Early History of All Souls College, Oxford.(Review)
September 1, 1999... In the history of English schooling, the year of the foundation of All Souls, 1438, fell in a period long treated as an ancien regime and duly left in obscurity, an obscurity darkened further, in Oxford, by the systematic scrapping of...

Le Pelerin Occidental en Terre Sainte au Moyen Age.(Review)
September 1, 1999... From the fourth century onwards Christians from western Europe have been coming as pilgrims to the Holy Land. Why they came, how they perceived and described what they found, and how their experiences varied between the fourth and the...

The Frozen Echo. Greenland and the Exploration of North American.(Review)
September 1, 1999... The old mysteries of medieval Greenland -- how the Nordic colonies were established, how deeply involved in the American mainland, why and when they disappeared -- have been in part solved and in part deepened by the increasingly scientific...

Olaus Magnus: A Description of the Northern Peoples.(Review)
September 1, 1999... The ancient Swedes were wonderful people, true Goths of superhuman strength and virtue. They seldom boxed, since their hands were lethal hammers; nor did they wrestle, for such was their modesty that they would not strip in public. As...

Scotichronicon. Vol. IX: Critical Studies and General Indexes.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Walter Bower's Scotichronicon. Vol. IX: Critical Studies and General Indexes ed. D. E. R. Watt with Alan Borthwick, Dauvit Broun, L. J. Engels, Nicholas Hadgraft, Catherine Hall, John Higgitt, Sally Mapstone, A. B. Scott, W. W. Scott, J. B....

La Peninsula Iberica en la Era de los Decubrimientos (1391-1492). Actas de las III Jornadas Hispano-Portuguesas de Historia Medieval, Sevilla, 25-30 de Noviembre 1991.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Ever since 1940 and more particularly since 1975 there has been a remarkable Renaissance in the writing of Iberian history. This has been marked in the medieval and early modern periods, led by the pioneering works of J. Vicens Vives, L....

The Closing of the Middle Ages? England, 1471-1529.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Nobody admits to writing textbooks any longer, but the textbook's spiritual successor, the `interpretative synthesis', continues to flourish. Historians who take on the task of writing one soon find it to be an exacting exercise, posing...

`A Miracle of Learning'. Studies in Manuscripts and Irish Learning. Essays in Honour of William O'Sullivan.(Review)
September 1, 1999... As a Festschrift should, `A Miracle of Learning'. Studies in Manuscripts and Irish Learning. Essays in Honour of William O'Sullivan, ed. Toby Barnard, Daibhi O Croini and Katharine Simms (Aldershot: Ashgate P., 1998; pp. xiv+303 49.50 [pounds...

Diocese de Rouen, 1200-1500.(Review)
September 1, 1999... The scarcity of bishops' registers in France makes the compiling of Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae, under the general editorship of Helene Millet, a harder task than that faced by those who update Le Neve in England. The second volume of the...

The Devon Gentleman. A Life of Sir Peter Carew.(Review)
September 1, 1999... For tales of adventure and derring-do look no further than The Devon Gentleman. A Life of Sir Peter Carew, by John Wagner (Hull: U.P., 1998, pp. 405. N.p.). Born into a West-country gentry family Carew was the despair of his childhood tutors...

Images of Rule. Art and Politics in the English Renaissance, 1485-1649.(Review)
September 1, 1999... The interest taken by historians, art historians, and literary critics in the relationship between art and politics in early modern England suggests that the time is ripe for a work of synthesis. Unfortunately the beguilingly entitled book by...

L'inquisizione nel patriarcato e diocesi di Aquileia, 1557-1559.(Review)
September 1, 1999... The importance of Friuli for studying the operation of the Roman Inquisition has been recognized for some time. The relatively rare extent of surviving inquisitorial records for the area in archives at Udine and Venice has allowed...

Master Tully. Cicero in Tudor England.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Howard Jones's Master Tully. Cicero in Tudor England (Nieuwkoop: De Graaf, 1998; pp. 316. NLG 120) is a clearly-written survey, with useful up-to-date bibliographical details, but it might be felt to dwell too long on the background to its...

Sir Francis Drake, the Queen's Pirate.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Our hero, according to Harry Kelsey's Sir Francis Drake, the Queen's Pirate (New Haven/London: Yale U. P., 1998; pp. xx+566. 22.50 [pounds sterling]), w-as no hero at all. By trade he was a slaver, a looter and a pirate. In business, he was...

The Reformation and the Towns in England. Politics and Political Culture, c 1540-1640.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Until relatively recently, post-war studies of early modern English towns tended to be the preserve of economic and social historians. Now constitutional and political specialists have re-entered the field and this monograph by Robert...

Women Writers and the Early Modern British Political Tradition.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Long-held, often unquestioned, assumptions about the exclusion of all but exceptional women from British political life prior to the nineteenth-century women's movement are currently undergoing extensive revision as new research, which...

The Peasantries of Europe from the Fourteenth to the Eighteenth Centuries.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Since the beginning of recorded history the majority of humanity has dwelt on and made its living from the land, but historians have found it difficult to develop fully satisfactory methods for studying the rural masses and their communities....

Gender, Church, and State in Early Modern Germany.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Twenty years ago, when the American historian Merry E. Wiesner visited German archives looking for information on women's work, she got the answer `Oh, we have no material on that. Women did not work in this city in the sixteenth century'....

Dissing Elizabeth: Negative Representations of Gloriana.(Review)
September 1, 1999... It is not so very long since the very idea of Dissing Elizabeth: Negative Representations of Gloriana, ed. Julia M. Walker (Durham, NC: Duke U. P., 1998; pp. x+300. 51.50 [pounds sterling]; pb. 16.95 [pounds sterling]), was impossible. What...

James VI and I.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Roger Lockyer's James VI and I (London: Addison Wesley Longman, 1998; pp. 234. 39.99 [pounds sterling]; pb. 11.99 [pounds sterling]) we are told on its dustjacket, rescues the king from undeserved contempt. It is proper to ask whether James...

Gentry Leaders in Peace and War. The Gentry Governors of Devon in the Early Seventeenth Century.(Review)
September 1, 1999... In her Gentry Leaders in Peace and War. The Gentry Governors of Devon in the Early Seventeenth Century. (Exeter: U. P., 1997; pp. xiv+306. 35 [pounds sterling]), Mary Wolffe rejects any suggestion that Devon was a `county community'. Her...

Prayer Book and People in Elizabethan and Early Stuart England.(Review)
September 1, 1999... In Prayer Book and People in Elizabethan and Early Stuart England (Cambridge: U.P., 1998; pp. xvii + 310. 40 [pounds sterling]), Judith Maltby addresses a neglected topic, for she examines the considerable numbers who trooped into...

Visitation Articles and Injunctions of the Early Stuart Church.(Review)
September 1, 1999... William Prynne thought visitation articles fit only `for waste paper, or to stop musterd-pots'; the publication of Visitation Articles and Injunctions of the Early Stuart Church. Vol. II: 1625-1642, ed. K. Fincham (Woodbridge: Boydell P. for...

Michael Romanov. The Last Years, 1634-1645.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Michael Romanov. The Last Years, 1634-1645, ed. and trans. G. Edward Orchard (Gulf Breeze, Fl.: Academic International P., 1996; pp. xxiii+276. N.p.), is the seventeenth volume of the English edition of Sergei M. Soloviev's classic History of...

Diary of the Marches of the Royal Army.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Richard Symonds, the author of the Diary of the Marches of the Royal Army, ed. C. E. Long (Cambridge: U.P., for the Royal Historical Society, 1998; pp. xl+296. 45 [pounds sterling]; pb. 15.95 [pounds sterling]), was that fish out of water, a...

Prince Rupert: Admiral and General-at-Sea.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Frank Kitson, the author of Prince Rupert: Admiral and General-at-Sea (London: Constable, 1998; pp. 336. 20 [pounds sterling], is the opposite of Symonds, a warrior turned scholar. This study of Prince Rupert's maritime career is a sequel to...

English Puritanism, 1603-1689.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Carlyle called English Puritanism `the last of all our Heroisms'. There is nothing particularly heroic which is evoked by reading English Puritanism, 1603-1689, by John Spurr (New York: St Martin's P., 1998; pp. x+245. 45 [pounds sterling]):...

The Lordship of Man under the Stanleys. Government and Economy in the Isle of Man 1580-1704.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Adrift in the Irish Sea, never integrated into the territories governed by the English and British monarchs, the Isle of Man has yet to find a place within our `four nations' history. Although impressive in scope and detail, A. W. Moore's...

Metropolitan Communities. Trade Guilds, Identity, and Change in Early Modern London.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Social and economic historians are rehabilitating early modern craft guilds. They are suggesting that eighteenth- and nineteenth-century commentators misrepresented the corporations as part of a broader polemic against the `feudal' past....

Charles XI and Swedish Absolutism.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Of the rulers of Sweden during that country's `Age of Greatness' in the seventeenth century, Charles XI (1660-1697) remains relatively unknown to historians of the early modern period. Yet, as Anthony Upton remarks in the foreword to his...

Dismembering the Body Politic. Partisan Politics in England's Towns, 1640-1730.(Review)
September 1, 1999... The connection between the political centre and the grass roots which was explored by many historians of the era leading up to the English civil war has until recently been relatively neglected by those concerned with politics under the later...

God's Other Children. Protestant Nonconformists and the Emergence of Denominational Church in Ireland, 1600-1700.(Review)
September 1, 1999... R. L. Greaves, fresh from completing his trilogy on radicals and conspirators in Restoration Britain, in God's Other Children. Protestant Nonconformists and the Emergence of Denominational Church in Ireland, 1600-1700 (Stanford: U.P., 1997;...

A Land Afflicted. Scotland and the Covenanter Wars, 1638-90.(Review)
September 1, 1999... The last of a three war study of Scotland's wars, A Land Afflicted. Scotland and the Covenanter Wars, 1638-90, by Raymond Campbell Paterson (Edinburgh: John Donald 1998; pp. xx+308. 12.95 [pounds sterling]), is a popular treatment based...

European Commercial Enterprise in Pre-colonial India.(Review)
September 1, 1999... The main theme of European Commercial Enterprise in Pre-colonial India (The New Cambridge History of India, Vol. II. 5), by Om Prakash (Cambridge: U.P., 1998; pp. xviii+377. 35 [pounds sterling]), is the impact of European trade --...

The Huguenots, the Protestant Interest, and the War of the Spanish Succession, 1701-1714.(Review)
September 1, 1999... The view that the conduct of foreign policy and war and religion became increasingly disentangled in Europe after the mid-seventeenth century is a well-established one, with the Peace of Westphalia (1648) often identified as a crucial turning...

The Emergence of a Ruling Order. English Landed Society, 1650-1750.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Charting the changing nature of England's elite has remained a remarkably attractive enterprise to historians over the last few decades, even in the face of the explosion of `history from below'. If anything, indeed, the fascination has...

The Merchant Houses of Stockholm, c. 1640-1800. A Comparative Study of Early-Modern Entrepreneurial Behaviour.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Although its title suggests rather more, Leos Muller, The Merchant Houses of Stockholm, c. 1640-1800. A Comparative Study of Early-Modern Entrepreneurial Behaviour (Uppsala: Acta Universitatis, 1998; pp. 303. Pb. n.p.), is a comparison of the...

Peter the Great. His Law on the Imperial Succession in Russia, 1722. The Official Commentary.(Review)
September 1, 1999... (*)The title given on the cover of this book -- simply Peter the Great -- is misleading. Apart from this blemish Headstart History is to be congratulated on its production of Peter the Great. His Law on the Imperial Succession in Russia,...

Tory and Whig. The Parliamentary Papers of Edward Harley, 3rd Earl of Oxford, and Willam Hay, M.P. for Seaford, 1716-53.(Review)
September 1, 1999... The first in an occasional series of edited primary materials from the Parliamentary History Yearbook Trust, Tory and Whig. The Parliamentary Papers of Edward Harley, 3rd Earl of Oxford, and Willam Hay, M.P. for Seaford, 1716-53, ed. Stephen...

Deutsch-russische Beziehungen im 18. Jahrhundert. Kultur, Wissenschaft und Diplomatie.(Review)
September 1, 1999... `German-Russian relations in the eighteenth century' were the subject of a conference at the Herzog August Bibliothek in Wolfenbuttel in 1993, and the proceedings are now belatedly in print: Deutsch-russische Beziehungen im 18. Jahrhundert....

L'enciclopedismo in Italia nel XVIII secolo.(Review)
September 1, 1999... Like some of its predecessors, the sixteenth and latest volume of the Studi Settecenteschi published under the auspices of the University of Pavia is the outcome of a conference. The contents are intellectually nutritious but it is a book for...

The Elder Pitt.(Review)
September 1, 1999... David Garrick deemed the elder William Pitt a superb actor, and Pitt's closest political associate Lord Shelburne thought he was `always' acting. His numerous biographers have found it difficult to find the man behind the mask, but Marie...

Religion and Society in England and Wales, 1689-1800.(Review)
September 1, 1999... The volume of documents selected and edited by William Gibson, Religion and Society in England and Wales, 1689-1800 (London/Washington: Leicester U.P., 1998; pp. x+24;. 69.95 [pounds sterling]; pb. 17.99 [pounds sterling]), will be invaluable...