Evidence-Based Mental Health articles from November 2003

Evidence-Based Mental Health archives from November 2003

The art of evidence-based child psychiatry.(EBMH Notebook)
November 1, 2003... Now that the principles and practice of evidence-based medicine (EBM) have become the cornerstone of clinical practice, there appears to be a mounting backlash both in peer-reviewed articles (1-4) and in the medical popular press. (5-6) A...

Bipolar disorder.(EBMH Notebook)
November 1, 2003... The EBMH Notebook summarises key messages about bipolar disorder, sourced from: Clin Evid Concise 2003;10:208-9. For this review, Clinical Evidence Concise searched and appraised material published until April 2002. Definition Bipolar...

Depression in children adolescents.(EBMH Notebook)
November 1, 2003... The EBMH Notebook summarises key messages about depression in children and adolescents, sourced from Clin Evid Concise 2003;10:62-4. For this review, Clinical Evidence Concise searched and appraised material published until September 2002. ...

Prodromal symptoms may be identified by people with bipolar or unipolar depression.(Prevalence)
November 1, 2003... QUESTION: How commonly do people with a history of unipolar or bipolar depression recognise the prodromal symptoms of these disorders? Design Systematic review. Data sources Reviewers searched Medline, Best Evidence, PsychLit,...

Risk of suicide remains high fifteen years after deliberate self-harm.(Prevalence)
November 1, 2003... QUESTION: What is the subsequent risk of suicide among patients presenting to a general hospital with an episode of self-harm? Design Retrospective longitudinal study. Setting General hospital, Oxford, UK; 1978-1997. ...

Expected levels of behaviour problems in a population sample of children between four and eighteen years.(Prevalence)
November 1, 2003... QUESTION: What is the developmental trajectory of the Child Behavior Checklist in children in the general population? Design Longitudinal study of a single population-based cohort. Setting Zuid-Holland province, The...

Insufficient evidence on benefits of early detection and treatment of dementia.(Diagnosis)
November 1, 2003... QUESTION: What are the benefits and harms of screening for, and treating dementia? Design Systematic review with narrative synthesis. Data sources The authors searched Medline, PsychINFO, EMBASE and the Cochrane library....

Nurse administered structured clinical interviews improve psychiatric diagnosis and treatment in community settings.
November 1, 2003... Kashner TM, Rush AJ, Suris A, et al. Impact of structured clinical interviews on physicians' practices in community mental health settings. Psychiatr Serv 2003;54:712-718. QUESTION: Do nurse-administered structured clinical interviews...

Rofecoxib or naproxen do not slow progression of mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease.(Therapeutics)
November 1, 2003... Aisen P, Schafer K, Grundman M, et al. Effects of rofecoxib or naproxen vs placebo on Alzheimer disease progression: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2003;289: 2819-2826. QUESTION: Do rofecoxib or naproxen slow cognitive decline in...

Oestrogen plus progestin doubles the risk of dementia in post-menopausal women.(Therapeutics)
November 1, 2003... Shumaker S, Legault C, Rapp Set al. Estrogen plus progestin and the incidence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment in postmenopausal women: the women's health initiative memory study: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2003;289:2651-2661....

Targeted cognitive behavioural therapy may reduce relapse in people prodromal symptoms of schizophrenia.(Therapeutics)
November 1, 2003... Gumley A, O'Grady M, McNay L et al. Early intervention for relapse in schizophrenia: results of a 12-month randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavioural therapy. Psychol Med 2003; 33:419-431. QUESTION: Does cognitive behavioural...

Review: the case for antidepressants for treating depression in people with schizophrenia remains unproven.(Therapeutics)
November 1, 2003... Whitehead C, Moss S, Cardno A, Lewis G. Antidepressants for the treatment of depression in people with schizophrenia: a systematic review. Psychol Med 2003;33:589-599. QUESTION: Are antidepressants effective for treating depression in...

Family focused psychoeducational therapy decreases relapse and rehospitalisation in people with a manic episode and bipolar disorder.(Therapeutics)
November 1, 2003... Rea M, Tompson M, Miklowitz D et al. Family-focused treatment versus individual treatment for bipolar disorder: results of a randomized clinical trial. J Consult Clin Psychol 2003;71:482-492. QUESTION: Does family therapy improve outcomes...

Group psychoeducation reduces recurrence and hospital admission in people with bipolar disorder.(Therapeutics)
November 1, 2003... Colom F, Vieta E, Martinez-Aran A et al. A randomized trial of the efficacy of group psychoeducation in the prophylaxis of recurrences in bipolar patients whose disease is in remission. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2003;60:402-407. QUESTION: Does...

Collaborative care speeds recovery from depression.(Therapeutics)
November 1, 2003... Hedrick SC, Chaney EF, Felker B et al. Effectiveness of collaborative care depression treatment in Veterans' Affairs primary care. J Gen Int Med 2003;18:9-16. QUESTION: Does collaborative care compared with consult-liaison care improve...

Review: selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors as effective as tricyclic antidepressants for major depression, and may have fewer adverse effects.(Therapeutics)
November 1, 2003... MacGillivray S, Arroll B, Hatcher S et al. Efficacy and tolerability of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors compared with tricyclic antidepressants in depression treated in primary care: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 2003 May;...

Review: repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is of unknown effectiveness in people with depression.(Therapeutics)
November 1, 2003... Martin J, Barbanoj M, Schlaepfer T et al. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of depression: systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry 2003;182:480-491. QUESTION: Is repetitive transcranial magnetic...

Gradual reduction of benzodiazepines, with or without cognitive behavioural therapy, increases successful withdrawal rates compared with no support in long-term users.(Therapeutics)
November 1, 2003... Voshaar R, Gorgels W, Mol A et al. Tapering off long-term benzodiazepine use with or without group cognitive-behavioural therapy: three condition, randomised controlled trial. Br J Psychiatry 2003;182:498-504. QUESTION: In a primary care...

Helping parents solve stressful life problems enhances the effectiveness of interventions for child aggression and antisocial behaviour.(Therapeutics)
November 1, 2003... Kazdin A, Whitley M. Treatment of parental stress to enhance therapeutic change among children referred for aggressive and antisocial behavior. J Consult Clin Psychol 2003;71:504-515. QUESTION: Does an additional parent problem-solving...

Review: evidence is lacking about suicide prevention in young people.(Therapeutics)
November 1, 2003... Gould MS, Greenberg T, Velting DM, Shaffer D. Youth suicide risk and preventive interventions: A review of the past 10 years. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2003;42:385-405. QUESTION: What is the evidence on suicide prevention in young...

Review: therapeutic relationship is modestly correlated with treatment outcome in child and adolescent psychotherapy.(Therapeutics)
November 1, 2003... Shirk S, Karver M. Prediction of treatment outcome from relationship variables in child and adolescent therapy: a meta-analytic review. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2003;71:452-464. QUESTION: Do therapeutic relationship variables predict...

Behavioural family counselling reduces drug use in opioid-dependent men.(Therapeutics)
November 1, 2003... Fals-Stewart W, O'Farrell TJ. Behavioral family counseling and naltrexone for male opioid-dependent patients. J Consult Clin Psychol 2003;71:432-442. QUESTION: In men who are opioid dependent, is behavioural family counselling and taking...

Trauma-focused group psychotherapy is not effective for posttraumatic stress disorder in Vietnam veterans.(Therapeutics)
November 1, 2003... Schnurr PP, Friedman MJ, Foy DW et al. Randomized trial of trauma-focused group therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder. Results from a Department of Veterans Affairs cooperative study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2003;60:481-489. QUESTION: Is...

Self-help manuals may reduce bingeing and purging in bulimia nervosa.(Therapeutics)
November 1, 2003... Carter JC, Olmsted MP, Kaplan AS et al. Self-help for bulimia nervosa: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Psychiatry 2003;160:973-8. QUESTION: Do self help manuals improve symptoms in people with bulimia nervosa? Design ...

Review: stress is a problem for mental health nurses but research on interventions is insufficient.
November 1, 2003... Edwards D, Burnard P. A sytematic review of stress and stress management interventions for mental health nurses. J Adv Nurs 2003;42:169-200. QUESTION: Do mental health nurses experience occupational stress? Are stress management...

Counselling may be more expensive than usual care for people with mental health problems, but may not be more effective for improving Beck depression score in the long term.(Economics)
November 1, 2003... Bower P, Byford S, Barber J et al. Meta-analysis of data on costs from trials of counseling in primary care: using individual patient data to overcome sample size limitations in economic analyses. BMJ 2003; 326:1247-53. QUESTION: Is...

Stigma alone does not explain non-disclosure of psychological symptoms in general practice.(Qualitative)
November 1, 2003... Prior L, Wood F, Lewis G, Pill R. Stigma revisited, disclosure of emotional problems in primary care consultations in Wales. Soc Sci Med 2003;56:2191-2200. QUESTION: Do people fail to disclose psychological symptoms to general...