Evidence-Based Mental Health articles from November 2002

Evidence-Based Mental Health archives from November 2002

Purpose and procedure.
November 1, 2002... The purpose of Evidence-Based Mental Health is to alert clinicians working in the field of mental health to important and clinically relevant advances in treatment (including specific interventions and systems of care), diagnosis, aetiology,...

Evidence-based patient choice and psychiatry. (Notebook).
November 1, 2002... Evidence-based medicine and patient centred care are natural bedfellows. Muir Gray coined the term evidence-based patient choice, (1) which provides the title for Elwyn and Edward's edited collection of commissioned papers addressing a wide...

Evidence-Based Mental Health. (Notebook).
November 1, 2002... With this Issue, Evidence-Based Mental Health (EBMH) celebrates 5 years of publication. This proves wrong those sceptics who thought that there was insufficient high quality evidence in the field of mental health to make a quarterly current...

Resource corner.(Book Review)
November 1, 2002... Guyatt G, Rennie D. User's Guides to the Medical Literature: A Manual for Evidence-Based Clinical Practice. Chicago: American Medical Association, 2001. Since its introduction in JAMA in 1993, the Users' Guides to the Medical Literature...

Review: psychoeducational interventions reduce depressive symptoms in cancer. (Therapeutics).
November 1, 2002... Barsevich AM, Sweeney C, Haney E, et al. A systematic qualitative analysis of psychoeducational interventions for depression in patients with cancer. Oncol Nurs Forum 2002 Jan-Feb; 29:73-84. QUESTION: In patients with cancer, are...

Review: primary care counselling improves short term but not long term psychological symptoms in patients with psychological and psychosocial problems.
November 1, 2002... Bower P, Rowland N, Mellor Clark J, et al. Effectiveness and cost effectiveness of counselling in primary care. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002;(1):CD001025. QUESTION: In patients with psychological and psychosocial problems, is...

Review: levomethadyl acetate hydrochloride improves retention in treatment and reduces heroin use in heroin dependence.
November 1, 2002... Clark N, Lintzeris N, Gijsbers A, et al. LAAM maintenance vs methadone maintenance for heroin dependence. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002;(2)CD002210 (latest version Feb 5, 2002). QUESTION: In patients with heroin dependence, is...

Review: stimulants improve overt and covert aggression related behaviours in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
November 1, 2002... Connor DF, Glatt SJ, Lopez Id, et al. Psychopharmacology and aggression. I: A meta-analysis of stimulant effects on overt/covert aggression-related behaviors in ADHD. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2002 Mar; 41:253-61. QUESTION: In...

Inpatient geriatric evaluation and management did not reduce mortality but reduced functional decline.
November 1, 2002... Cohen HJ, Feussner JR, Weinberger M, et al. A controlled trial of inpatient and outpatient geriatric evaluation and management. N Engl J Med 2002 Mar 21;346:905-12. QUESTION: In frail elderly patients, are inpatient units and outpatient...

Sertraline maintenance treatment reduced relapse and dropouts in post-traumatic stress disorder.
November 1, 2002... Davidson J, Pearlstein T, Londborg P, et al. Efficacy of sertraline in preventing relapse of posttraumatic stress disorder: results of a 28-week double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Am J Psychiatry 2001 Dec;158:1974-81. QUESTION: In...

St John's wort was not better than placebo for reducing symptoms in major depressive disorder.
November 1, 2002... Hypericum Depression Trial Study Group. Effect of Hypericum perforatum (St John's wort) in major depressive disorder. A randomised controlled trial. JAMA 2002 Apr 10;287:1807-14. QUESTION: In patients with major depressive disorder (MDD),...

Effects of hormone therapy on health related quality of life in postmenopausal women with CAD differed according to presence of menopausal symptoms.
November 1, 2002... Hlatky MA, Boothroyd D, Vittinghoff E, et al. Quality-of-life and depressive symptoms in postmenopausal women after receiving hormone therapy: results from the Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study (HERS) trial. JAMA 2002 Feb...

Haloperidol decanoate doses of 200, 100, or 50 mg/month reduced symptomatic exacerbations more than a 25 mg/month dose in schizophrenia.
November 1, 2002... Kane JM, Davis JM, Schooler N, et al. A multidose study of haloperidol decanoate in the maintenance treatment of schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 2002 Apr;159:554-60. QUESTION: In patients with schizophrenia, what are the rates of...

Behavioural couples therapy improved psychosocial functioning of children whose fathers have alcoholism or other drug abuse.
November 1, 2002... Kelley ML, Fals-Stewart W. Couples- versus individual-based therapy for alcohol and drug abuse: effects on children's psychosocial functioning. J Consult Clin Psychol 2002 Apr; 70:417-27. QUESTION: In heterosexual couples in which men are...

Sertraline reduced patient dropout rates and acute exacerbation of symptoms in obsessive compulsive disorder.
November 1, 2002... Koran LM, Hackett E, Rubin A, et al. Efficacy of sertraline in the long-term treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Am J Psychiatry 2002 Jan;159:88-95. QUESTION: In outpatients with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) who have...

Review: brief interventions reduce drinking in patients not seeking treatment.
November 1, 2002... Moyer A, Finney JW, Swearingen CE, et al. Brief interventions for alcohol problems: a meta-analytic review of controlled investigations in treatment-seeking and non-treatment-seeking populations. Addiction 2002 Mar, 97:279-92. QUESTION: In...

A brief intervention reduced alcohol drinking for up to 48 months in problem drinkers.
November 1, 2002... Fleming MF, Mundt MP, French MT, et al. Brief physician advice for problem drinkers: long-term efficacy and benefit-cost analysis. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2002 Jan; 26:36-43. QUESTION: In people with problem drinking, is a brief intervention...

Review: cognitive behavioural interventions improve some sleep outcomes in older adults.
November 1, 2002... Montgomery P, Dennis J. Cognitive behavioural interventions for sleep problems in adults aged 60+. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002;(2):CD003161 (latest version 13 Dec 2001). QUESTION: In adults who are [greater than or equal to]60 years of...

Fluoxetine was safe and effective for body dysmorphic disorder.
November 1, 2002... Phillips KA, Albertini RS, Rasmussen SA. A randomized placebo-controlled trial of fluoxetine in body dysmorphic disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2002 Apr;59:381-8. QUESTION: In patients with body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), is fluoxetine...

Fluoxetine prolonged time to relapse in bulimia nervosa.
November 1, 2002... Romano SJ, Halmi KA, Sarkar NP, et al. A placebo-controlled study of fluoxetine in continued treatment of bulimia nervosa after successful acute fluoxetine treatment. Am J Psychiatry 2002 Jan; 159:96-102. QUESTION: In patients with bulimia...

Virtual reality exposure and standard exposure were both effective at 1 year for fear of flying.
November 1, 2002... Rothbaum BO, Hodges L, Anderson PL, et al. Twelve-month follow-up of virtual reality and standard exposure therapies for the fear of flying. J Consult Clin Psychol 2002 Apr;70:428-32. QUESTION: In adults with fear of flying, is short term...

Clonidine and methylphenidate were effective for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children with comorbid tics.
November 1, 2002... The Tourette's Syndrome Study Group. Treatment of ADHD in children with tics: a randomized controlled trial, Neurology 2002 Feb 26;58:527-36. QUESTION: In children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and Tourette's...

Review: family and parenting interventions reduce subsequent arrests and length of time in institutions in youths with conduct disorder and delinquency.
November 1, 2002... Woolfenden SR, Williams K, Peat JK Family and parenting interventions for conduct disorder and delinquency: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Arch Dis Child 2002 Apr;86:251-6. QUESTION: In youths aged 10-17 years with conduct...

Review: no definite conclusions can be drawn as to the effect of psychological factors in congestive heart failure. (Prognosis).
November 1, 2002... MacMahon KM, Lip GY.Psychological factors in heart failure: a review of the literature. Arch Intern Med 2002 Mar 11;162:509-16. QUESTION: What are the effects of depression, anxiety, coping style, and level of social support in patients...

Early childhood risk factors differentiated juvenile onset from adult onset major depressive disorder. (Aetiology).
November 1, 2002... Jaffee SR, Moffitt, TE, Caspi A, et al. Differences in early childhood risk factors for juvenile-onset and adult-onset depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2002 Mar;59:215-22. QUESTION: Are childhood biopsychosocial risk factors associated with...

Elevated plasma total homocysteine increased the risk of dementia in the elderly.
November 1, 2002... QUESTION: Is elevated plasma total homocysteine a risk factor for dementia in the elderly? Seshadri S, Beiser A, Selhub J, et al. Plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for dementia and Alzheimer's disease. N Engl J Med 2002 Feb...

Women experienced chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia as stigmatising. (Qualitative).
November 1, 2002... Asbring P, Narvanen AL. Women's experiences of stigma in relation to chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia. Qual Health Res 2002 Feb;12:148-60. QUESTIONS: Do women with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) or fibromyalgia experience...

Review: mothers with postpartum depression had to readjust expectations, cope with loss, and find ways to meet needs.
November 1, 2002... Beck CT. Postpartum depression: a metasynthesis. Qual Health Res 2002 Apr; 12:453-72. QUESTION: What are the experiences of mothers who have postpartum depression? Data sources Studies were identified by searching CINAHL, PsycLIT,...