Evidence-Based Mental Health articles from May 2002

Evidence-Based Mental Health archives from May 2002

Critical Appraisal for Psychiatry. (Resource Corner).
May 1, 2002... Lawrie SM, McIntosh AM, Rao S. Critical appraisal for psychiatry. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 2000. The aim of Critical appraisal for psychiatry is to provide a brief, but comprehensive, introduction to the underlying concepts and...

PDQ Evidence-Based Principles and Practice. (Resource Corner).
May 1, 2002... McKibbon A, Eady A, Marks S. PDQ evidence-based principles and practice. Hamilton, Ontario, Canada: BC Decker Inc.; 1999. The purpose of this book is to be a "Pretty Darned Quick" guide to the principles of evidence-based health...

The early risers programme improved academic competence in children at high risk of aggressive behaviour. (Therapeutics).(Brief Article)
May 1, 2002... QUESTION: In children at high risk of aggressive behaviour during the kindergarten year, is an early risers programme effective? Design 2 year cluster randomised (unclear allocation concealment (*)), unblinded (*), controlled trial....

Review: depot antipsychotics are effective and safe for schizophrenia or schizophrenia like illnesses.(Statistical Data Included)
May 1, 2002... QUESTION: In people with schizophrenia, are depot antipsychotics (DAPs) effective? Data sources Reviews were identified by searching the Cochrane Library in 2000. Study selection Reviews were selected if they compared long...

Review: management of children with mental health problems by specialist teams in primary care improve some outcomes.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2002... QUESTION: What interventions are effective for treating mental health problems in children and adolescents in primary care? Data sources Studies were identified by searching Medline, PsycINFO, CINAHL, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, and the...

Review: Lithium is effective in preventing relapse in mixed diagnoses of mood disorder and in bipolar disorder.(Brief Article)(Statistical Data Included)
May 1, 2002... QUESTION: In patients with mood disorders, what is the efficacy of lithium compared with placebo? Data sources Studies were identified by searching the Cochrane Collaboration Depression, Anxiety and Neurosis Controlled Trials Register...

Review: geriatric health services after discharge do not improve mental state in elderly people.
May 1, 2002... QUESTION: In elderly people, do geriatric health services after discharge improve mental state? Data sources Studies were identified by searching Medline (1975 to May 2000), HealthSTAR (1975 to May 2000), and the Cochrane Database of...

Integrated medical care in a mental health clinic improved quality of care and outcomes in serious mental disorders.
May 1, 2002... QUESTION: In patients with serious mental disorders, is integrated medical care given in a mental health clinic better than usual care given in a general medicine clinic for improving outcomes? Design Randomised (unclear allocation...

Sustained release dextroamphetamine (15-30 mg but not 30-60 mg) improved retention in patients with cocaine dependence.
May 1, 2002... QUESTION: In patients with cocaine dependence, is sustained release dextroamphetamine more effective than placebo for improving retention? Design Randomised (allocation concealed (*)) (+), blinded (patients, clinicians, data...

Review: repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation has antidepressant effects.
May 1, 2002... QUESTION: In patients with mood disorders or schizophrenia, how effective is repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)? Data sources Studies were identified by searching Medline (1966 to Jan 2000), EMBASE/Excerpta Medica...

Collaborative care led to greater recovery, improvement, and adherence than usual care at 12 months in panic disorder.
May 1, 2002... QUESTION: In primary care patients with panic disorder, is collaborative care (involving pharmacotherapy) effective for improving clinical and functional outcomes? Design Randomised (unclear allocation concealment (*)), blinded...

Review: long term lithium treatment lowers suicide risk in major affective disorder.
May 1, 2002... QUESTION: In patients with a major affective disorder, is long term lithium treatment associated with lower suicide risk? Data sources Studies were identified by searching Current Contents, Medline, PsycLIT, and PubMed from the 1960s....

Family based therapy plus cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) was better than CBT alone or family therapy alone for reducing adolescent drug abuse.
May 1, 2002... QUESTION: Does cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), functional family therapy (FET), combined FFT and CBT, or a group psychoeducational intervention reduce adolescent substance abuse? Design Randomised (unclear allocation concealment...

Review: cognitive behavioural therapy and graded exercise show the most promise for chronic fatigue syndrome.
May 1, 2002... QUESTION: In patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), what is the effectiveness of evaluated interventions? Data sources Published and unpublished studies in any language were identified by searching 19 databases, including...

Group treatment plus usual care decreased the risk of deliberate self harm in adolescents who repeatedly harm themselves.
May 1, 2002... QUESTION: In adolescents who repeatedly harm themselves, is group treatment plus usual care more effective than usual care alone for decreasing depression and risk of deliberate self harm? Design Randomised (allocation concealed)(*),...

Review: progesterone or progestogens lead to a marginal reduction in premenstrual syndrome symptoms.
May 1, 2002... QUESTION: In women with premenstrual syndrome (PMS), do progesterone or progestogens reduce symptoms? Data sources Studies were identified by searching Medline, EMBASE/ Excerpta Medica, PsycINFO, the Cochrane Controlled Trials...

Review: multiple daily doses of antidepressants are not more effective than single daily doses.
May 1, 2002... QUESTIONS: In patients with depression, are multiple daily doses (MDD) of antidepressants more effective than single daily doses (SDD)? Does the pharmacokinetic half life of a drug influence the antidepressant activity of single daily doses?...

2 of 3 dimensional rating scales were useful for discriminating anxiety and depression in adolescents. (Diagnosis).
May 1, 2002... QUESTION: In grade 9 adolescents, what is the diagnostic and discriminative accuracy of 3 dimensional rating scales for detecting anxiety and depressive disorders? Design Blinded comparison of 3 rating scales with a DSM-IV diagnosis....

One half of patients with anorexia nervosa fully recovered after 21 years but the other half had a chronic or lethal course. (Prognosis).
May 1, 2002... QUESTION: What is the long term course of anorexia nervosa? Design Inception cohort followed up for 21 years. Setting Community based study in Heidelberg, Germany. Patients 84 women (mean age 21 y) meeting Feighner...

Non-psychotic, non-major affective psychiatric disorders in adolescent boys were associated with greater schizophrenia risk.
May 1, 2002... QUESTION: In adolescent boys with a non-psychotic, non-major affective psychiatric disorder, what is the risk of future schizophrenia? Design Population based cohort study with follow up of 4-8 years. Setting Israel. ...

Increased risk of Alzheimer's disease in mothers who gave birth to children with Down's syndrome before 35 years of age. (Aetiology).
May 1, 2002... QUESTION: Are mothers who give birth to children with Down's syndrome (DS) before the age of 35 years at increased risk of neurological or medical disorders? Design Cohort study. Setting Community based study in the 9 county downstate...

People with enduring mental health problems described the importance of communication, continuity of care, and stigma. (Qualitative).
May 1, 2002... QUESTION: How do people with enduring mental health problems experience health care? Design Community based qualitative study. Setting 4 general practices serving a disadvantaged locality of 5 wards in {Newcastle upon Tyne}...

Newly referred patients engaged in an ongoing and uncertain process to understand the causes of their psychological problems.
May 1, 2002... QUESTION: What are the perceptions of patients newly referred to a community mental health team (CMHT) about the causes of their psychological experiences? Design Grounded theory. Setting Rural North Wales, UK. ...

4 factors were predictive of extended duration in hospital in acute psychiatric admission. (Clinical Prediction Guide).
May 1, 2002... QUESTION: How accurate is information obtained early in the process of admission to hospital for identifying acute psychiatric admissions that will require extended care? Design 2 cohort studies: 1 for derivation and 1 for validation...

Review: short acting methylphenidate has short term efficacy in children and adolescents with attention deficit disorder.
May 1, 2002... QUESTION: What is the efficacy and safety of short acting methylphenidate for attention deficit disorder (ADD) in children and adolescents? Data sources Studies in any language published between 1981 and 1999 were identified by...

A needs based cognitive behavioural family intervention for schizophrenia reduced relapse in the long term.
May 1, 2002... QUESTION: In outpatients with schizophrenia and their caregivers, does a needs based family intervention reduce relapse and caregivers' needs in the long term? Design Randomised (unclear allocation concealment) (*), blinded (outcome...