Antitrust Bulletin articles from June 1996

Antitrust Bulletin archives from June 1996

The origins of antitrust in banking: an historical perspective.(A Special Issue: Antitrust and Banking)
June 22, 1996... I. Introduction Current public policy relating to competition in banking is characterized by an integration of antitrust enforcement with banking law. It is a product of the last 50 years and has followed a succession of other policies...

Current merger policy: banking and ATM network mergers.(A Special Issue: Antitrust and Banking)
June 22, 1996... I. Introduction In recent years, there have been a number of important developments in bank merger policy implemented at the federal agencies responsible for antitrust review of mergers and acquisitions in the banking industry. Among the...

Banking, mergers, and antitrust: historical perspectives, and the research tasks ahead. (response to articles in this issue by Bernard Shull and Margaret E. Guerin-Calvert, p. 255 and p. 289, respectively)(A Special Issue: Antitrust and Banking)
June 22, 1996... I. Introduction The United States economy is currently experiencing a major wave of bank mergers. Hundreds of bank mergers are occurring annually and will surely continue to do so for the next few years. Some of these mergers are...

Competition and bank mergers: directions for analysis from available evidence.(A Special Issue: Antitrust and Banking)
June 22, 1996... I. Introduction This article pulls together data and research on consumer and bank behavior, market imperfections, and emerging developments that are relevant to analyzing the competitive effects of bank mergers and antitrust policy...

Nonlocal concentration, multimarket linkages, and interstate banking.(A Special Issue: Antitrust and Banking)
June 22, 1996... I. Introduction A variety of forces have combined to encourage large numbers of mergers in the commercial banking industry over the past decade. More frequently, these transactions are combinations of large holding company organizations,...

Shared ATM networks - the antitrust dimension.(A Special Issue: Antitrust and Banking)
June 22, 1996... I. Introduction: where have all the networks gone? The automated teller machine (ATM) has become an ever more important part of the average modern consumer's financial life and, for this reason, presents an ever more pressing set of...

Efficiency and antitrust considerations in home banking: the proposed Microsoft-Intuit merger.(A Special Issue: Antitrust and Banking)
June 22, 1996... I. Introduction For many years bankers and technologists have been forecasting the imminent arrival of electronic banking. The "checkless society" has been much delayed, and there are still many bank customers not interested in using ATM...

Antitrust and banking.(A Special Issue: Antitrust and Banking)
June 22, 1996... Thank you very much Gene [Ludwig]. I am glad to be here. I find myself, however, in an awkward position for two reasons. First, as probably most of you don't know, but as the press knows, the Federal Open Market Committee goes on black-out for a...

The relevant product market for bank acquisitions.(A Special Issue: Antitrust and Banking)
June 22, 1996... I. Introduction Congress has provided for dual review of the competitive aspects of bank acquisitions by both the Department of Justice (the Department) and, as appropriate, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the...

Antitrust and banking.(A Special Issue: Antitrust and Banking)
June 22, 1996... When Gene Ludwig invited me to participate in this conference on antitrust and banking, I accepted with enthusiasm. Banking is important. It has been, and will continue to be an industry whose financial soundness and competitive structure are...

Antitrust and banking.(A Special Issue: Antitrust and Banking)
June 22, 1996... The wave of bank mergers we have experienced the past several years has generally been hailed on Wall Street, where analysts applaud the prospect of economies of scale and scope created by consolidation. The same phenomenon can be viewed with...

The changing nature of antitrust enforcement in banking's new era.(A Special Issue: Antitrust and Banking)
June 22, 1996... I. Introduction The 1990-'s have been marked by a dramatic increase in the size of bank mergers--420 deals m 1995 with an aggregate value of $73.1 billion.(1) Seven of the ten largest bank combinations in the history of banking have been...

A time to return to competition goals in banking policy and antitrust enforcement: a memorandum to the Antitrust Division.(A Special Issue: Antitrust and Banking)
June 22, 1996... I. Introduction The bank regulators and antitrust enforcement authorities are making very important, long-term decisions about the structure of American finance. Their failure to enforce a strict standard of competition is imposing on...