Evidence-Based Nursing articles from January 2003

Evidence-Based Nursing archives from January 2003

Evidence-based development of a hospital based heart failure centre. (Implementation Forum).
January 1, 2003... Heart failure (HF) is a syndrome of shortness of breath and fatigue. It occurs when forward flow of blood out of the heart is impeded. This is the only cardiovascular condition that continues to increase in prevalence and incidence. It is a...

Using a FOCUS-PDCA quality improvement model for applying the severe traumatic brain injury guidelines to practice: process and outcomes. (Implementation Forum).(find, organise, clarify, understand, and select; plan, do, act, and check results)
January 1, 2003... Trauma teams strive to provide care based on best practice. Exploring the clinical outcomes of patients sustaining severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) at our trauma centre from 1994-97 we found that the outcomes were marginal at best: 43% of...

Correction.(in authors of EBN users' guide (Evaluation of studies of health economics), Oct. 2002 issue)
January 1, 2003... In the October 2002 issue, the authors of the EBN uses' guide (Evaluation of studies of health economics) were listed incorrectly. They should have been listed as follows: Patricia W Stone, RN, PhD Columbia University, New York, New...

Home visits by paraprofessionals did not improve maternal and child health. (Treatment).
January 1, 2003... QUESTION: Do home visits by paraprofessionals (lay visitors/peer support or community workers) trained in a programme model that is effective when delivered by nurses, improve maternal and child health? Design Randomised (allocation...

A behavioural infant sleep intervention resolved sleep problems. (Treatment).
January 1, 2003... QUESTION: How effective is a behavioural intervention (controlled crying) in reducing infant sleep problems and maternal depression? Design Randomised (allocation concealed), blinded (healthcare providers, data collectors, outcome...

Review: extended stimulant medication is effective in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. (Treatment).
January 1, 2003... QUESTION: In children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), are pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments of [greater than or equal to] 12 weeks duration effective? Data sources Studies were identified by...

Review: "Scared Straight" and other juvenile awareness programmes increase criminal behaviour. (Treatment).
January 1, 2003... QUESTION: In children who have been, or are at risk of being, adjudicated or convicted by a juvenile court, do programmes using organised prison visits designed to deter criminal behaviour (eg, "Scared Straight" programme) reduce offending...

Review: primary prevention strategies do not delay initiation of intercourse, improve contraceptive use, or reduce pregnancies in adolescent women. (Treatment).
January 1, 2003... QUESTION: Do primary prevention strategies delay sexual intercourse, improve use of contraception, and reduce unintended pregnancies in adolescents? Data sources Published and unpublished studies from 1970-2000 were identified by...

Mifepristone was more effective than the Yuzpe regimen for emergency contraception. (Treatment).
January 1, 2003... QUESTIONS: In women seeking emergency contraception, is low dose mifepristone more effective than the Yuzpe regimen in preventing pregnancies? Does it have fewer side effects and better patient acceptability? Wagaarachchi PT, Design...

Review: antibiotic treatment for 7-14 days reduces treatment failure in children with urinary tract infection. (Treatment).
January 1, 2003... QUESTION: In children with urinary tract infection (UTI), is a long course (LC) of antibiotic treatment more effective than a short course (SC) for preventing treatment failure or reinfection? Data sources Studies were identified by...

Review: probiotics are effective in preventing antibiotic associated diarrhoea. (Treatment).
January 1, 2003... QUESTION: In patients being treated with antibiotics, does co-administration with probiotics reduce the incidence of diarrhoea? Data sources Studies in any language (with English abstracts) were identified by searching Medline...

Treatment of scalp lacerations with a hair apposition technique reduced scarring, pain, and procedure duration compared with suturing. (Treatment).
January 1, 2003... QUESTION: Is a new technique of treating scalp lacerations (the hair apposition technique [HAT]) as effective as standard suturing for wound healing, complications, and pain? Design Randomised (allocation concealed), unblinded,...

Review: chlorhexidine gluconate is more effective than povidone-iodine for preventing vascular catheter related bloodstream infection. (Treatment).
January 1, 2003... QUESTION: Is chlorhexidine gluconate as effective as povidone-lodine for preventing vascular catheter related bloodstream infection (CRBI)? Data sources Clinical trials in any language were identified by searching Medline...

Review: organisational change and patient directed strategies may increase adult immunisation and cancer screening. (Treatment).
January 1, 2003... QUESTION: What is the effectiveness of interventions to increase adherence to guideline based adult immunisation and cancer screening? Data sources Studies were identified by searching (through February 1999) the Cochrane Effective...

Oestrogen plus progestin increased coronary heart disease and breast cancer in postmenopausal women. (Treatment).
January 1, 2003... QUESTION: In postmenopausal women, what are the risks and benefits of oestrogen plus progestin use, particularly with respect to coronary heart disease (CHD) events? Design Randomised (allocation concealed), blinded (clinicians,...

Nurse led transitional care improved health related quality of life and reduced emergency department use for heart failure. (Treatment).
January 1, 2003... QUESTION: In patients admitted to hospital with heart failure, is nurse led transitional care more effective than usual care for improving health related quality of life and reducing use of health services? Design Randomised...

Doppler echocardiography was not accurate for diagnosing asymptomatic thrombosis associated with an umbilical venous catheter in infants. (Assessment (Screening or Diagnosis)).
January 1, 2003... QUESTION: What is the accuracy of Doppler echocardiography for diagnosing asymptomatic thrombosis associated with an indwelling umbilical venous catheter (UVC) in infants? Design Blinded comparison of Doppler echocardiography with...

The CRAFFT test was accurate for screening for substance abuse among adolescent clinic patients. (Assessment (Screening or Diagnosis)).
January 1, 2003... QUESTION: What is the accuracy of the CRAFFT test in screening for substance abuse among adolescents in a hospital based clinic? Design Blinded comparison of the CRAFFT test with a substance use/abuse problem scale and a structured...

Review: specific signs and symptoms can help practitioners to diagnose acute purulent sinusitis in general practice. (Assessment (Screening or Diagnosis)).
January 1, 2003... QUESTION: What is the accuracy of clinical assessment and close examination of patients in diagnosing purulent sinusitis in general practice? Data sources Studies were identified by searching Medline from 1966 to May 2001 using the...

Functional neurological deficit increased the risk of death in childhood epilepsy. (Prognosis).
January 1, 2003... QUESTION: What are the risk factors for, and frequency of, all cause mortality in children with epilepsy? Design Inception cohort of children who developed epilepsy between 1977 and 1985 and were followed up for [less than or equal...

Review: some preschool children develop complications after presenting to primary care with acute cough. (Prognosis).
January 1, 2003... QUESTION: In children 0-4 years of age presenting to primary care with the symptom of acute cough or an undifferentiated acute respiratory tract infection with cough (UARTIC), what is the natural history of illness duration and complications?...

Evidence based patient information leaflets in maternity care had limited visibility and did not promote informed choice of childbearing women. (Qualitative).
January 1, 2003... QUESTION: From the perspectives of childbearing women and health professionals who provide maternity care, do 10 pairs of research based leaflets on informed choice in maternity services (Informed Choice leaflets) influence choice and...

Mothers progressed through a 4 phase process to resume their own lives after having twins. (Qualitative).
January 1, 2003... QUESTIONS: What fundamental social psychological problem do mothers of twins encounter during the first year after delivery? What process do mothers of twins use to overcome this problem? Design Grounded theory. Setting New...

Review: mothers of children with physical or mental disabilities experience emotional compromise between acceptance and denial. (Qualitative).
January 1, 2003... QUESTION: What are the experiences of mothers of children with physical or mental disabilities? Data sources Studies were identified by searching CINAHL, Medline, PsycINFO, ERIC, Sociological Abstracts, and Dissertation Abstracts....

Women with polycystic ovarian syndrome had excess hair, irregular or absent menstruation, and infertility and felt freakish, abnormal, and not proper women. (Qualitative).(Brief Article)
January 1, 2003... QUESTIONS: What are the experiences of women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)? How do they negotiate their identities as women? Design Exploratory qualitative design. Setting United Kingdom. Participants 30...

Active consideration underpinned the efforts of men with prostate cancer to support their spouse caregivers. (Qualitative).
January 1, 2003... QUESTION: How do men with prostate cancer and their female spouses characterise the phenomenon of patient provided support for spouse caregivers? Design Qualitative study within a large longitudinal study. Setting Toronto,...

The lived experience of men with erectile dysfunction was reflected in the themes of loss and being alone with it. (Qualitative).
January 1, 2003... QUESTION: What are the issues facing men who live with erectile dysfunction (ED), particularly in their relationships with women partners and in their interactions with the wider community? Design Qualitative study. Setting ...

Glossary.(Glossary)
January 1, 2003... Blinding (masking): in an experimental study, refers to whether patients, clinicians providing an intervention, people assessing outcomes, and/or data analysts were aware or unaware of the group to which patients were assigned. In the design...