Contemporary Economic Policy articles from April 1999

Contemporary Economic Policy archives from April 1999

Markets for organs: the question of supply.
April 1, 1999... I. INTRODUCTION A shortage of cadaveric human organs for transplantation has existed from the time that such organs were first used for that purpose. That shortage has grown progressively worse over the past two decades as the demand for...

Diversity and economic evolution: failures of competitive economic systems.
April 1, 1999... I. INTRODUCTION Some neoclassical economists have become obsessed with the value of allocative economic efficiency and the notion that increased market competition promotes it. Some also believe that such a system is effective in promoting...

Window guidance by the Bank of Japan: was lending controlled.
April 1, 1999... I. INTRODUCTION Among the pillars supporting Japan's rapid postwar rise to economic prominence was a financial system based overwhelmingly on private and public loans. The widespread perception that this system of "indirect finance" no...

Taxes and growth: testing the neoclassical and endogenous growth models.
April 1, 1999... 1. INTRODUCTION Neoclassical and endogenous growth theories have substantially different implications about how economic growth is affected by changes in certain variables such as the saving rate, the population growth rate, and several...

An analysis of the factors that influence student performance: a fresh approach to an old debate.
April 1, 1999... I. INTRODUCTION There is a general consensus that the performance of students exiting the elementary and secondary school system has been slipping. In the past it was popular to believe that raising educational standards meant investing...

Time limits on welfare receipt.
April 1, 1999... I. INTRODUCTION The introduction into law of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) has imposed numerous challenges on state policy makers as they tailor welfare policies to the needs of their states...

State welfare-reform impacts: content and enforcement effects.
April 1, 1999... Good legislation is about ten percent of what's required to achieve true welfare reform. The other ninety percent is implementation. - U.S. Congressman Clay Shaw, September 1996 I. INTRODUCTION The Personal Responsibility and Work...

The demand for cigarettes in Taiwan: domestic versus imported cigarettes.
April 1, 1999... I. INTRODUCTION The health hazards of cigarette smoking have been widely recognized since the 1960s. This recognition has caused cigarette consumption in most developed countries to fall steadily over the past 30 years. The declining...

Constituency preference and police consolidation: the case of West Hollywood.(California)
April 1, 1999... I. INTRODUCTION Constituency preferences play a significant role in determining the allocation of local government goods and services (Gramlich and Rubinfeld, 1982; Borcherding and Deacon, 1972). These preferences are revealed through...

A test of employer discrimination in the NBA.(National Basketball Association)
April 1, 1999... I. INTRODUCTION It is now well established in the literature on salary determination in the National Basketball Association (NBA) that during the 1980s, black players were paid less than comparably skilled white players. Kahn and Sherer...

Letting the market preserve land: the case for a market-driven transfer of development rights program.
April 1, 1999... I. INTRODUCTION The issue of farmland and open space preservation is now decades old and much discussed but, from a practical perspective, still largely unsettled. As development accelerates, urban-fringe jurisdictions feel pressure from...

Toward behavioral modeling of Alaska groundfish fisheries: a discrete choice approach to Bering Sea/Aleutian Island trawl fisheries.
April 1, 1999... I. INTRODUCTION Management of modern multispecies fisheries subject to binding catch quotas raises a number of issues that are of interest both from the standpoint of practical policy formation and as conceptual challenges. The presence of...