Archives of Disease in Childhood articles from September 2001

Archives of Disease in Childhood archives from September 2001

Medicines for children--the last century and the next.(regulation in the European Union)
September 1, 2001... Paediatricians, neonatal/paediatric pharmacists, and chief executives of hospital trusts recently received a position statement on the use of unlicensed medicines, produced by the Joint Standing Committee on Medicines of the Royal College of...

Advocating for children's health: a US and UK perspective.
September 1, 2001... In this article we describe the differing American and British approaches to child health advocacy by paediatricians and paediatric organisations. In the USA, advocacy has a long history and is well established as an important function of the...

Breast feeding and cognitive development at age 1 and 5 years.(Statistical Data Included)
September 1, 2001... Abstract Aim--To examine whether duration of breast feeding has any effect on a child's cognitive or motor development in a population with favourable environmental conditions and a high prevalence of breast feeding. Methods--In 345...

Birth weight and cognitive function at age 11 years: the Scottish Mental Survey 1932.(Statistical Data Included)
September 1, 2001... Abstract Aims--To examine the relation between birth weight and cognitive function at age 11 years, and to examine whether this relation is independent of social class. Methods--Retrospective cohort study based on birth records from...

Bullying involvement in primary school and common health problems.
September 1, 2001... Abstract Aims--To examine the association of direct (e.g. hitting) and relational (e.g. hurtful manipulation of peer relationships) bullying experience with common health problems. Methods--A total of 1639 children (aged 6-9 years)...

Changing the US healthcare system.(Brief Article)
September 1, 2001... Ever since the healthcare debacle of the early Clinton years, the voices calling for change in the US healthcare system have been quite muted. However, this past month, the Institute of Medicine, which was established in 1970 by the National...

Recent trends in hospital use by children in England.
September 1, 2001... Abstract Background--Routine hospital statistics for England appear to overestimate use of children's wards and include numbers of well newborn babies staying with their mothers after delivery ("well babies"). Aim--To review trends...

Triage in the developing world--can it be done?
September 1, 2001... Abstract Aim--To assess guidelines for the emergency triage, assessment, and treatment (ETAT) of sick children presenting to hospitals in the developing world. This study pretested the guidelines in Malawi, assessing their performance...

Description of cause of serious illness and outcome in patients identified using ETAT guidelines in urban Malawi.
September 1, 2001... Abstract Aims--To evaluate the performance of guidelines for emergency triage and treatment (ETAT) of children presenting to hospitals in the developing world. Part of the study was concerned with the delivery of emergency treatment to...

The child with a non-blanching rash: how likely is meningococcal disease?
September 1, 2001... Abstract Aims--To examine a number of simple clinical features and investigations in children with a non-blanching rash to see which predict meningococcal infection. Methods--A total of 233 infants and children up to 15 years of age...

Rheumatic fever in a high incidence population: the importance of monoarthritis and low grade fever.
September 1, 2001... Abstract Aims--To describe the clinical features of rheumatic fever and to assess the Jones criteria in a population and setting similar to that in many developing countries. Methods--The charts of 555 cases of confirmed acute...

Long term complications of inferior vena cava thrombosis.
September 1, 2001... Abstract Aim--To evaluate the long term outcome after paediatric inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombosis. Methods--A combined retrospective and prospective study on infants and children with IVC thrombosis treated at Aachen and...

Octreotide therapy: a new horizon in treatment of iatrogenic chyloperitoneum.
September 1, 2001... Abstract Chyloperitoneum is a rare and challenging complication of abdominal surgery. We report a case of iatrogenic chyloperitoneum. Infusion of octreotide, a somatostatin analogue, together with total parenteral nutrition followed by...

Congenital disorder of glycosylation type Ia (CDG-Ia): phenotypic spectrum of the R141H/F119L genotype.
September 1, 2001... Abstract Aims--To delineate common and variable features and outcome of children with congenital disorder of glycosylation type Ia (CDG-Ia) caused by the frequent R141H/F119L PMM2 genotype. Methods--Clinical data on 25 patients (mean...

Hypertension and facial palsy in middle aortic syndrome.(Brief Article)
September 1, 2001... Abstract A female infant presented with facial palsy and was found to be severely hypertensive. Plasma renin activity was raised and an angiogram showed middle aortic syndrome. This condition is of unknown aetiology, but positive...

Cholelithiasis in Down's syndrome.
September 1, 2001... Abstract Cholelithiasis is considered uncommon in infancy, childhood, and adolescence. We performed a prospective, controlled study showing that children with Down's syndrome have a significantly higher prevalence of cholelithiasis...

Infantile chest hamartoma--case outcome aged 11.(Brief Article)
September 1, 2001... Abstract Chest wall hamartoma of infancy is a rare lesion, usually presenting in the first year of life. Recent literature has recommended conservative management of asymptomatic children, yet most continue to undergo surgical resection...

Management of hyponatraemia in patients with acute cerebral insults.
September 1, 2001... Abstract Hyponatraemia is a common finding in patients with acute cerebral insults. The main differential diagnosis is between syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion and cerebral salt wasting. Our aim is to review the topic of...

Towards evidence based medicine for paediatricians.
September 1, 2001... In order to give the best care to patients and families, paediatricians need to integrate the highest quality scientific evidence with clinical expertise and the opinions of the family. [1] Archimedes seeks to assist practising clinicians by...

The significance of interleukin 8 in urine.(Brief Article)
September 1, 2001... Abstract Aims--To assess the implications of detection of interleukin 8 (IL-8) in urine. Methods--IL-8 was measured by immunoassay in all 305 urine samples from children aged 0-18.4 years received by our microbiology laboratory...

Measurement of body fat using leg to leg bioimpedance.
September 1, 2001... Abstract Aims-(1) To validate a leg to leg bioimpedance analysis (BIA) device in the measurement of body composition in children by assessment of its agreement with dual energy x ray absorptiometry (DXA) and its repeatability. (2) To...

The US National Pediatric Trauma Registry.
September 1, 2001... Modern television sets tend to have large screens that bring their centre of gravity to the front. As a consequence of this, they are more likely to topple forwards. The US National Pediatric Trauma Registry (which is not a complete national...

North Carolina - JAMA.
September 1, 2001... Watch out for tuna burgers. In North Carolina, over a period of 8 months in 1998-99 (JAMA 2001;285:1327-30) 22 people developed symptoms of histamine poisoning soon after eating tuna (as tuna burgers in 18 cases). The histamine is formed from...

International Journal of Epidemiology.
September 1, 2001... Providing adequate food for people, particularly for pregnant women, in developing countries may prevent cardiovascular disease. In China, Guatemala, and Chile (International Journal of Epidemiology 2001;30:52-9) children who at birth were...

ORACLE trials I and II, Lancet.
September 1, 2001... Chorioamnionitis increases the likelihood of preterm labour and of harm to the fetus and neonate. It might be thought, therefore, that giving antibiotics to the mother might be beneficial. Two large trials (ORACLE trials I and II, Lancet...

Lancet.
September 1, 2001... In the everyday story of ordinary folk swallowing a toothbrush is not a commonplace event. But toothbrushes can be used for purposes other than that for which they were designed. A young woman in Germany (Lancet 2001;357:1012) had endoscopic...

Journal of Pediatrics 2001;138:306-10.
September 1, 2001... Does vaccination against influenza prevent asthma attacks in children? A large US study (Journal of Pediatrics 2001;138:306-10) has produced results which differ according to the method of analysis. Cohort analysis showed an increase in...

Journal of Pediatrics 2001;138:361-5.
September 1, 2001... At two hospitals in Poland (Journal of Pediatrics 2001;138:361-5) the incidence of hospital-acquired diarrhoea in children aged 1-36 months was 7% in a group randomised to take Lactobacillus GG throughout their hospital stay and 33% in a...

Journal of the American Medical Association.
September 1, 2001... A six week study at two US hospitals (Journal of the American Medical Association 2001;285:214-20) included over 1000 children and over 10 000 prescriptions. There were 616 medication errors (6% of prescriptions), 115 potential adverse drug...

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
September 1, 2001... Exposure of the fetus to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may predispose to persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN), possibly by blocking the synthesis of prostaglandins and thromboxane. In Detroit (Pediatrics...

Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery.
September 1, 2001... In Israel an 18 month old child with a cardiomyopathy and clubfoot died soon after a plaster cast was removed from his foot with a plaster saw. The death, it was thought, was caused by anxiety provoked cardiac arrhythmia. A subsequent study...

Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine.
September 1, 2001... Claims have been made on television programmes in North America that piracetam may improve the cognitive functioning of children with Down's syndrome and have apparently led to the drug being used commonly in these children. Unfortunately a...

World Health Organisation.
September 1, 2001... Children in Africa receive routine immunisations through the World Health Organisation Expanded Program on Immunisation. In rural Tanzania (Lancet 2001;357:1471-7) giving a dose of sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine at each of the 2, 3, and 9 month...