Archives of Disease in Childhood articles from May 2001

Archives of Disease in Childhood archives from May 2001

Archives this month.(antibiotics)(Brief Article)
May 1, 2001... Hpylori-which antibiotic? Medical students learn that before prescribing an antibiotic it's a good idea to know which one the offending organism doesn't like. If the facilities are available, resistance and sensitivity testing provides a...

Screening for familial adenomatous polyposis.
May 1, 2001... When a serious genetic disorder is diagnosed in the family, an immediate question arises: are other family members at risk? Ethical issues arise when DNA technology allows testing of children for a condition which is unlikely to have...

Breast feeding and the risks of viral transmission.
May 1, 2001... Specialised epidermal secretions developed as nutritious and bacteriostatic factors some 120 million years ago; milk production has proved a crucial factor to mammalian survival in a wide range of habitats. Milk composition differs considerably...

Meningococcal group C conjugate vaccines.(Statistical Data Included)
May 1, 2001... In November 1999 the Department of Health introduced a national vaccination programme using newly licensed meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccines (MenC). [1] In the largest national mass vaccination campaign ever undertaken in the UK, all...

UK Audit of Childhood Growth Hormone Prescription, 1998.(Statistical Data Included)
May 1, 2001... Abstract Aims--To identify all young people prescribed growth hormone in the UK as of 1 October 1998 and to determine their age, sex, and the indication for therapy. Methods--Gross sectional national postal audit through members of...

Determining the common medical presenting problems to an accident and emergency department.(Statistical Data Included)
May 1, 2001... Abstract All accident and emergency (A&E) attendances over a one year period were prospectively studied in order to determine common medical presenting problems. Data were collected on children (0-15 years) attending a paediatric A&E...

A prospective evaluation of community acquired gastroenteritis in paediatric practices: impact and disease burden of rotavirus infection.(Statistical Data Included)
May 1, 2001... Abstract Aims--To examine the disease burden and epidemiology of community acquired rotavirus gastroenteritis in Austrian children treated in a paediatric practice. Methods--A prospective, population based, multicentre study in four...

Systematic review of the occurrence of infantile colic in the community.(Statistical Data Included)
May 1, 2001... Abstract Aims--To assess the occurrence of infantile colic in the community and the need for professional help; and to study the influences of potential determinants of infantile colic. Methods--Surveys were identified by a systematic...

An auditable protocol for treating attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
May 1, 2001... Abstract We present an auditable protocol for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or hyperkinetic disorder. The protocol is derived from standard recommendations and evidence, and is intended for outpatient medical clinic...

Adrenaline syringes are vastly over prescribed.
May 1, 2001... Allergy is being seen more and more commonly. A recent review of accident and emergency admissions in England reported 415 anaphylactic cases (adults and children) from 100 000 referrals in 1991/92, but 876 in 1994/95. [1] Death following...

Changes in paediatric resuscitation knowledge among doctors.(Statistical Data Included)
May 1, 2001... Abstract Aims--To investigate whether paediatricians have improved their resuscitation knowledge since 1992, and whether those who have attended a paediatric resuscitation course have greater knowledge than those who have not. ...

The prognosis of childhood abdominal migraine.(Statistical Data Included)
May 1, 2001... Abstract Aims--To determine the clinical course of childhood abdominal migraine, seven to 10 years after the diagnosis. Methods--A total of 54 children with abdominal migraine were studied; 35 were identified from a population survey...

Antibiotic resistance and antibiotic sensitivity based treatment in Helicobacter pylori infection: advantages and outcome.(Statistical Data Included)
May 1, 2001... Abstract Aims--To compare two strategies for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection. Methods--Groups 1 and 2 each consisted of 75 consecutive patients. Patients in group 1 were treated with two antibiotics based on...

Safety and ethics of bronchoscopy and endobronchial biopsy in difficult asthma.(Statistical Data Included)
May 1, 2001... Abstract Aim--To investigate the safety of bronchoscopy and endobronchial biopsy in children with difficult asthma, and discuss the ethical issues associated with the procedure. Methods--A three year prospective observational study was...

Isolated splenomegaly as the presenting feature of Niemann-Pick disease type C.
May 1, 2001... Abstract We describe four patients with Niemann- Pick disease type C (NPC), in whom the presentation was isolated splenic enlargement; this remained the only abnormality for a number of years. Diagnosis can be suggested by either finding...

Niflumic acid and cutaneous reactions in children.(Statistical Data Included)
May 1, 2001... Abstract In a case control study of adverse drug reactions in children, the odds ratio of developing a serious mucocutaneous event among users of niflumic acid, adjusted for concomitant use of all other drugs, was 4.9 (95% CI 1.9 to 12.8)....

Bronchoconstriction following nebulised colistin in cystic fibrosis.
May 1, 2001... Abstract Nebulised colistin is regularly used as antipseudomonal therapy in children with cystic fibrosis. We assessed bronchoconstriction in response to nebulised colistin in 58 children. Nebulised colistin significantly reduced...

Acute neurology and neurophysiology of haemolytic-uraemic syndrome.
May 1, 2001... Abstract Involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) is found in around 30% of children with haemolytic-uraemic syndrome (HUS). This complication is the single most common cause of mortality and also a major contributor to the...

Growth hormone and segmental growth in survivors of head and neck embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma.(Statistical Data Included)
May 1, 2001... Abstract Aims--To assess the impact of treatment for embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma on spinal growth and limb length and examine the response of these parameters to growth hormone (GH) treatment. Methods--We conducted a retrospective case...

Short stature in Noonan syndrome: response to growth hormone therapy.(Statistical Data Included)
May 1, 2001... Abstract Background--Growth hormone (GH) has been used to promote growth in both the short and long term in a number of dysmorphic syndromes, including Turner syndrome. As this condition shares many clinical features with Noonan syndrome,...

Uses of stable isotopes in clinical diagnosis and research in the paediatric population.
May 1, 2001... The landmark experiments of Schoenheimer and Rittenberg in the 1930s provided the scientific foundation for the ensuing development and application of stable isotope techniques in clinical diagnosis and research. [1] Stable isotopes are...

Neonatal screening for cystic fibrosis.(Brief Article)(Statistical Data Included)
May 1, 2001... Birth prevalence * Approximately 1 in 2500 live births in populations of Western European origin; similar prevalence in Jewish populations. General characteristics * Inheritance is autosomal recessive. * One in 25 people is a...

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.
May 1, 2001... Sweat chloride and conductivity 1 EDITOR,--As a principal author of the swear testing document published by National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) and consultant to the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation (CFF) (USA), I write...

The Neurological Assessment of the Preterm and Full-term Newborn Infant.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2001... The Neurological Assessment of the Preterm and Full-term Newborn Infant. L Dubowitz. (Pp 167; [pound]35.00). Cambridge University Press, 2000. ISBN 1898683158. Progress in the management of disease in the newborn has carried with it a...

International Journal of Epidemiology.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2001... Historically, the factors associated with declines in infant and early childhood mortality in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries seem to have varied from country to country. Around the beginning of the twentieth century, for instance,...

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2001... Data from a 1997 study in Pakistan (American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2000;72:1164-9) and from the third US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) of 1988-94 (Ibid: 1170-8) confirm that infection lowers serum...

Diabetes Care.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2001... In Finland (Diabetes Care 2000;23:1755-60) the risk of developing diabetes before the age of 15 years was increased by 50-60% in children who had a 10% unit increment in relative weight (weight relative to mean weight for height) before the age...

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2001... Increased antibiotic use in a community means increased antibiotic resistance. A study in the 20 municipalities of a Swedish county (Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 2000;19:1172-7) has shown a significant correlation between community...

Outpatient treatment of croup.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2001... In the outpatient treatment of croup, oral dexamethasone appears to be as effective as intramuscular dexamethasone. In Denver, Colorado (Pediatrics 2000;106:1344-8) 277 children with moderate croup were randomly assigned in the emergency...

Hydrolysate.(treatment for colic)(Brief Article)
May 1, 2001... Whey hydrolysate is said to taste and smell better than casein hydrolysate and is cheaper. In Amsterdam (Pediatrics 2000;106:1349-54) 43 babies with infantile colic were randomised to whey hydrolysate or standard formula. The reduction in daily...

Accidental shooting.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2001... In 1997 there were 142 child deaths in the USA from accidental shooting. Seventeen states have introduced laws making the gun owner criminally liable when a child is injured by a gun that was not stored safely. Data from 15 of these states...

Journal of Pediatrics.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2001... The prevalence of coeliac disease in children with Down's syndrome has been estimated at between 4% and 17% in different studies. In Amsterdam (Journal of Pediatrics 2000;137:756-61) 137 children with Down's syndrome were screened by testing...

ERP evidence.(even-related potentials)(Brief Article)
May 1, 2001... The auditory evoked, even-related, potentials (ERPs) of newborn babies differ according to whether they are elicited by the mother's voice or that of a stranger (the 'P2' peak is of greater amplitude and latency with the mother's voice)....

Multinational study of omeprazole.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2001... In a multinational study of omeprazole in the treatment of chronic erosive reflux oesophagitis (Journal of Pediatrics 2000;137:800-7) healing occurred in 54 of 57 children. Most (72%) responded to doses of either 0.7 or 1.4 mg/kg/day but some...

Orthopaedic surgeons.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2001... Orthopaedic surgeons in Glasgow, Sheffield, and Bristol have performed leg lengthening procedures on 10 young women with Turner's syndrome (Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery [Br] 2000;82-B:1174-6) and have been disappointed with the results....

New England Journal of Medicine.(Brief Article)
May 1, 2001... Giving dexamethasone to small preterm babies in an attempt to prevent chronic lung disease may do more harm than good. In a multicentre American trial (New England Journal of Medicine 2001;344:95-101), ventilated babies weighing between 501 and...