Archives of Disease in Childhood articles from February 2001

Archives of Disease in Childhood archives from February 2001

Alcohol misuse.
February 1, 2001... Every society has a socially acceptable drug. In Europe this is alcohol. [1] In 1994-96 a Health Survey for England [2] found that 29.2% of the adult male population and 14.5% of the adult female population drank alcohol over the recommended...

Hospitals and clinics.(stamps that commemorate hospitals)
February 1, 2001... The three franc Luxembourg stamp from 1957 is part of a set of three commemoratives issued to mark the "Prince Jean and Princess Josephine-Charlotte Foundation" child welfare clinic. The 1960 Bolivian stamp is from a set of eight, commemorating...

Reducing global inequalities in child health.
February 1, 2001... Since 1950, global poverty and child mortality rates have declined more rapidly than during any other period in history. Progress has been uneven, however, so that inequalities have widened; since the 1970s, an increasing number of countries...

Prehospital emergency care for children.
February 1, 2001... The greatest mortality in children occurs before the first birthday. The highest rate of all is in the first month of life and is related mainly to perinatal events. From 1 month to 1 year of age the commonest cause of death is cot death and...

Violence against trainee paediatricians.
February 1, 2001... Abstract Background--Much research has looked at the extent of violence against doctors, but this has been restricted mainly to psychiatry, general practice, and accident and emergency. Aims--To assess the level of violence against...

Tuberculosis, deprivation, and ethnicity in Leeds, UK, 1982-1997.
February 1, 2001... Abstract Aims--To determine whether tuberculosis is increasing in frequency and to explore the association between deprivation, ethnicity, and tuberculosis in the city of Leeds. Methods--Descriptive epidemiology and ecological analysis...

Overcoming barriers to hepatitis B immunisation by a dedicated hepatitis B immunisation service.
February 1, 2001... Abstract Aims--to determine the effectiveness of a selective hospital based hepatitis B immunisation programme and the barriers to be overcome in obtaining a successful Outcome. Methods--Retrospective case note review of 265 infants...

A practical outcome scale for paediatric head injury.
February 1, 2001... Abstract Traumatic brain injury (TRI) is the commonest cause of acquired disability in childhood. A major obstacle to the evaluation of acute and rehabilitative therapies after TBI is the lack of simple descriptors of outcome. We developed...

Eradication of poliomyelitis: where do we stand in Europe?
February 1, 2001... In 1988, the World Health Assembly adopted the goal of global eradication of poliomyelitis by immunisation, a target which was to originally be achieved by the end of the year 2000. Eradication of polio is now also one of three top priorities...

Calibration of the paediatric index of mortality in UK paediatric intensive care units.
February 1, 2001... Abstract Aim--To test a paediatric intensive care mortality prediction model for UK use. Method--Prospective collection of data from consecutive admissions to five UK paediatric intensive care units (PICUs), representing a broad cross...

Natural history of cardiovascular manifestations in Marfan syndrome.
February 1, 2001... Abstract Aims--To investigate the natural history of mitral valve and aortic abnormalities in patients with Marfan syndrome during childhood and adolescence. Methods--Fifty two patients with Marfan syndrome were followed for a mean of...

Randomised controlled trial of infantile colic treated with chiropractic spinal manipulation.
February 1, 2001... Abstract Aims--To investigate the efficacy of chiropractic spinal manipulation in the management of infantile colic. Methods--One hundred infants with typical colicky pain were recruited to a randomised, blinded, placebo controlled...

Successful implementation of spacer treatment guideline for acute asthma.
February 1, 2001... Abstract Aims--To develop and implement an evidence based guideline for the treatment of acute asthma using a metered dose inhaler and spacer combination. Methods--Defined strategies were used for the development and implementation of...

Colitis in chronic granulomatous disease.
February 1, 2001... Abstract Background--Involvement of the gut in chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) has been previously described and colitis highlighted. However, the nature and histopathology of the colitis are unclear and have been thought to be...

Central nervous system imaging and congenital melanocytic naevi.
February 1, 2001... Abstract Aim--To establish the prevalence of central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a population of children with congenital melanocytic naevi (CMN) over the head and/or spine, and to compare this...

Significance of fever in Jamaican patients with homozygous sickle cell disease.
February 1, 2001... Abstract Objective--To investigate the cause and outcome of high fever in Jamaican children with homozygous sickle cell disease. Design--Retrospective review of febrile episodes in a three year period (1 September 1993 to 31 August 1996)....

Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection in cystic fibrosis.
February 1, 2001... Abstract Background--Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection is increasingly found in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Aims--To determine whether MRSA infection has a deleterious effect on the clinical status of...

Hypertension in Henoch-Schonlein purpura with minimal urinary findings.
February 1, 2001... Abstract Though hypertension is a common feature of Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) acute nephritis, it is seen only rarely and transiently if renal function is normal and abnormal urinary findings are minimal. We report a 3.4 year old girl...

Ingested pins causing perforation.
February 1, 2001... Abstract We report two children who underwent endoscopic removal of ingested foreign bodies which had perforated the stomach, one of which had migrated into the thorax. (Arch Dis Child 2001;84:165-166) Keywords: ingested foreign...

Friedreich's ataxia presenting after cardiac transplantation.
February 1, 2001... Abstract A 4 year old boy underwent cardiac transplantation because of cardiomyopathy with ischaemia. Following transplantation he developed neurological signs of Friedreich's ataxia and the diagnosis was confirmed with genetic testing....

Severe combined immunodeficiency--molecular pathogenesis and diagnosis.
February 1, 2001... Severe combined immunodeficiencies (SCID) are a heterogeneous group of inherited disorders characterised by profound abnormalities in T, B, and natural killer cell development and function. [1] They arise from a variety of molecular defects,...

Asynchronous breathing during sleep.
February 1, 2001... Abstract Background--Children rarely complain of symptoms associated with sleep disordered breathing (SDB). Paradoxical inward rib cage movement (PIRCM) during sleep might prove useful for detecting SDB. Aims--(1) To determine the...

Randomised controlled study of clinical efficacy of spacer therapy in asthma with regard to electrostatic charge.
February 1, 2001... Abstract Background--Inhalation therapy using a pressured metered dose inhaler (pMSI) and a spacer is frequently used in the treatment of airway disease in children. Several laboratory studies found a clear negative influence of...

Bone density in asthmatic children treated with inhaled corticosteroids.
February 1, 2001... Abstract Volumetric trabecular bone mineral density of the lumbar spine (vTBMD) and distal radius (rTBMD) were measured in 20 prepubertal white asthmatic children treated with moderate to high doses of inhaled corticosteroids. The median...

Ear, ears, and more ears!(antibiotic treatment of ear infections in children)
February 1, 2001... In the US this year, clinicians will write approximately 25 000 000 oral antibiotic prescriptions for acute otitis media (AOM). I thought it worthwhile to describe current management in the US., given how often clinicians diagnose AOM, the...

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.(Letter to the Editor)
February 1, 2001... Rapid responses If you have a burning desire to respond to a paper published in ADC or F&N, why not make use of our "rapid response" option? Log on to our website (www.archdischild.com), find the paper that interests you, click on...

CORRECTION.(Correction Notice)
February 1, 2001... An error occurred in table 2 of Wisborg and colleagues' recent paper (Arch Dis Child 2000;83:203--6). The correct figures are given in the table printed below: Table 2 Crude and adjusted OR of SIDS according to different categories...

C-QOL.(quality of life measure for children)
February 1, 2001... Quality of life measures are often included in research on adults but less frequently in paediatric research. Now a quality of life measure for children (C-QOL) has been developed with the participation of mothers and 5-8 year old children in...

A UK study.(risk of birth defects or infant death if parents work in nuclear industry)
February 1, 2001... A UK study (Lancet 2000;3 55:1293-9) has shown no increase in risk of fetal death or congenital malformation in pregnancies in which the father is employed in the nuclear industry. When the mother was the nuclear industry employee there was no...